PSY 689 Week 4 Data Analysis: Statistical
Table Assignment | 2025 Update with
complete solutions.
multivariate designs ...ANSWER...involving more than 2 measured variables
longitudinal ...ANSWER...same people over long period of time
cross-sectional ...ANSWER...different ages compared in short period of time
age effects ...ANSWER...caused by growing older; don't always happen, but require
time to happen
cohort effects ...ANSWER...caused by a group of people experiencing the same
events/were born in same time period
Flynn effect ...ANSWER...IQ increases across generations
autocorrelation ...ANSWER...determines correlation of one variable with itself at
different times
cross-lag correlation ...ANSWER...shows whether earlier measure of one variable is
associated with later measurement of the other
criterion variable ...ANSWER...dependent variable
predictor variable ...ANSWER...independent variable
parsimony ...ANSWER...degree to which a theory provides the simplest explanation
possible
mediator ...ANSWER...explains why something happens
moderator ...ANSWER...explains the degree to which something happens
confounds ...ANSWER...potential threats to internal valdidity
, design confound ...ANSWER...mistake in designing the independent variable
selection effect ...ANSWER...kinds of participants in one level of the independent
variable are systematically different from those in the other
random assignment ...ANSWER...each participant has equal chance of being in each
group to avoid selection effects
matched groups ...ANSWER...participants are sorted from lowest to highest on some
variable and grouped into sets of three, then assigned at random to each experimental
group (to avoid selection effects)
between-groups design ...ANSWER...participants only see one level of independent
variable
within-groups design ...ANSWER...participants see all levels of independent variable
posttest-only design ...ANSWER...participants are randomly assigned to independent
variable groups and tested on the dependent variable once
pretest/posttest design ...ANSWER...participants are randomly assigned to at least two
groups and are tested on the key dependent variable twice, before and after exposure
to the independent variable
concurrent-measures design ...ANSWER...participants are exposed to all levels of the
independent variable at the same time
repeated-measures design ...ANSWER...participants are measured on the dependent
variable more than once, after each level of the independent variable
order effects ...ANSWER...when one level of the independent variable influences
responses to the next level
practice effects ...ANSWER...also called fatigue effects; a long sequence might lead
participants to get better at the task, or get tired or bored toward the end
carryover effects ...ANSWER...some form of contamination carries over from one
condition to the next
counterbalancing ...ANSWER...presenting the levels of the independent variable to
participants in different orders; can be full or partial
Latin square ...ANSWER...technique for partial counterbalancing that ensures each
condition appears in each position at least once
Table Assignment | 2025 Update with
complete solutions.
multivariate designs ...ANSWER...involving more than 2 measured variables
longitudinal ...ANSWER...same people over long period of time
cross-sectional ...ANSWER...different ages compared in short period of time
age effects ...ANSWER...caused by growing older; don't always happen, but require
time to happen
cohort effects ...ANSWER...caused by a group of people experiencing the same
events/were born in same time period
Flynn effect ...ANSWER...IQ increases across generations
autocorrelation ...ANSWER...determines correlation of one variable with itself at
different times
cross-lag correlation ...ANSWER...shows whether earlier measure of one variable is
associated with later measurement of the other
criterion variable ...ANSWER...dependent variable
predictor variable ...ANSWER...independent variable
parsimony ...ANSWER...degree to which a theory provides the simplest explanation
possible
mediator ...ANSWER...explains why something happens
moderator ...ANSWER...explains the degree to which something happens
confounds ...ANSWER...potential threats to internal valdidity
, design confound ...ANSWER...mistake in designing the independent variable
selection effect ...ANSWER...kinds of participants in one level of the independent
variable are systematically different from those in the other
random assignment ...ANSWER...each participant has equal chance of being in each
group to avoid selection effects
matched groups ...ANSWER...participants are sorted from lowest to highest on some
variable and grouped into sets of three, then assigned at random to each experimental
group (to avoid selection effects)
between-groups design ...ANSWER...participants only see one level of independent
variable
within-groups design ...ANSWER...participants see all levels of independent variable
posttest-only design ...ANSWER...participants are randomly assigned to independent
variable groups and tested on the dependent variable once
pretest/posttest design ...ANSWER...participants are randomly assigned to at least two
groups and are tested on the key dependent variable twice, before and after exposure
to the independent variable
concurrent-measures design ...ANSWER...participants are exposed to all levels of the
independent variable at the same time
repeated-measures design ...ANSWER...participants are measured on the dependent
variable more than once, after each level of the independent variable
order effects ...ANSWER...when one level of the independent variable influences
responses to the next level
practice effects ...ANSWER...also called fatigue effects; a long sequence might lead
participants to get better at the task, or get tired or bored toward the end
carryover effects ...ANSWER...some form of contamination carries over from one
condition to the next
counterbalancing ...ANSWER...presenting the levels of the independent variable to
participants in different orders; can be full or partial
Latin square ...ANSWER...technique for partial counterbalancing that ensures each
condition appears in each position at least once
