NURS 4581 Nursing of Adults with Complex Needs Exam with Questions and Answers

NURS 4581 Nursing of Adults with Complex Needs Exam with Questions and Answers Question: Which intervention is most appropriate to prevent falls in elderly patients with reduced mobility? a. Encourage high-intensity exercise without supervision b. Place rugs on all floors to provide comfort c. Limit ambulation to bed rest only d. Ensure proper lighting and remove environmental hazards Correct Answer: D Rationale: Environmental modifications like proper lighting and removing hazards are evidence-based strategies to prevent falls in the geriatric population, reducing injury risk. Question: An elderly patient with dementia becomes agitated during the evening. What is the best nursing approach? a. Restrain the patient to ensure safety b. Ignore the behavior, hoping it resolves c. Reorient the patient and provide a calm environment d. Administer high-dose sedatives immediately Correct Answer: C Rationale: Non-pharmacological interventions like reorientation and a calm environment are first-line strategies for managing agitation in dementia patients. Restraints and sedatives are last-resort measures. Question: A 78-year-old patient presents with chronic heart failure and fatigue. Which nursing action is priority? a. Encourage unrestricted fluid intake b. Monitor daily weight and signs of fluid retention c. Limit assessment to respiratory status only d. Avoid medication adherence teaching Correct Answer: B Rationale: Daily weight monitoring helps detect early fluid retention in heart failure, which is critical for preventing decompensation. Education and monitoring are essential nursing responsibilities.