ONS Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Certificate Study guides, Study notes & Summaries

ONS Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Certificate Questions and Answers

When chemotherapy is used before primary treatment (surgery) to reduce the size of a solid tumor, it is called what? - Answer Neoadjuvant Therapy Which of the following class of drugs is cell cycle non-specific and therefore can affect the cancer in any phase of the cell cycle? - Answer Alkylating Agents Mutations in genetic material from exposure to chemotherapy are termed? - Answer Genotoxicity The Vinca Alkaloids act in which phase where they prevent cell division? - Answer M...

Cancer Treatment Goals: - Answer -cure -control -palliation Cancer Treatment - Answer Curative therapy -surgery alone or periods of adjunctive systemic therapy -timeframe to "cure" may differ according to the tumor and its characteristics Control Treatment -initial course and maintain therapy Palliation goal - Answer -relief or control of symptoms -maintain quality of life -palliative care and treatment are not mutually exclusive and can take concurrently Personalized...

Doxorubicin - Answer Cardiotoxic TISSUE VESICANT Baseline MUGA and total dose (CONCERN at 550 mg/m2) URINE=RED IF EXTRAVASATION OCCURS= cool/ice + Totect Idamycin - Answer Cardiotoxic (cardiomyopathy) Bleomycin - Answer AVOID oxygen supplementation Methotrexate - Answer *Leukovorin decreases cytotoxicity* Pemetrexed - Answer Vitamin B12 & folic acid supplements to decrease toxicity Fludarabine - Answer Immunosuppression Thioguanine - Answer Bone Marrow Suppres...

Alkylating agents - Answer Classification Break DNA helix strand, thereby interfering with DNA replication Altretamine (Hexalen) - Answer Alkylating Agent PO Ovarian CA Side effects- nausea, vomiting, skin rash, hypersensitivity reaction, diarrhea Dose limiting - neuro-toxicity, peripheral neuropathy, myelosuppression Bendamustine (Treanda/Bendeka) - Answer Alkylating agent IV CLL or Indolent NHL Side effects- pyrexia, nausea, vomiting, skin reactions, TLS, hepatotoxicity, ve...

Hematologic cancer (blood cancer) - Answer -cancer that begins in bone marrow or immune system cells. -Ex: leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma Leukemia - Answer cancer starts in blood-forming tissues like bone marrow -causes lots of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter bloodstream Lymphoma - Answer -cancer that begins in immune system (WBC=lymphocytes) -hodgkin and non-hodgkins -B lymphocytes (B cells) - make antibodies (bacteria and viruses, most common lymphoma -T ly...

A patient with cancer is considering entering a clinical trial that compares the current standard treatment with an investigational chemotherapeutic agent. This is an example of which phase of a clinical trial? 3 4 1 2 - Answer 3 Answer: Phase 3 clinical trials have a primary goal of establishing efficacy and comparing with the current standard. Reference: Eggert, J. (Ed.). (2017). Cancer basics (2nd ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Society, p. 285(t). What is the sh...

infiltration - Answer passage or escape of IV administered drugs into the tissue extravasation - Answer leakage of drugs capable of causing tissue damage into the subcutaneous or subdermal tissue or other unintended sites. irritation - Answer a localized inflammatory reaction at the infusion or injection site flare reaction - Answer a local allergic reaction along a vein caused by irritating drugs. infusion reactions - Answer reactions mediated by the immune system (hyperse...

How targeted therapy and chemo differ - Answer -targeted therapies act on specific molecular targets on or within the cells that are associated with cancer, whereas standard chemo act on all rapidly dividing cells-chemo has more SEs-targeted therapy ae chosen and designed to interact with their target on or within the cells, whereas chemo were IDed becaused they kill cells-targeted therapies are often cytostatic (they block tumor cell proliferation) whereas chemo agents are cytotoxic (kill tum...

What do alkylating chemotherapy drugs do? - Answer Chemotherapy drugs that are cell cycle nonspecific, so they exert their effects in all phases of the cell cycle. They directly damage DNA to prevent cancer cells from reproducing. They cause breaks in the DNA or cross-linking in a process called alkylation, which causes the drug to interfere with DNA replication. neoadjuvant therapy - Answer a cancer treatment that precedes other primary treatment, such as administering chemotherapy or ra...