Tanzeelachowdhury10

These notes were handwritten myself, using help from notes in given in class. This topic covers how DNA is analysed, modified, and transferred between organisms. It includes key techniques such as genetic engineering using restriction enzymes and DNA ligase to create recombinant DNA, and the use of vectors like plasmids to insert genes into host cells. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used to amplify DNA, while gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments for analysis. DNA sequencing allows...

A clear and concise set of flashcards designed to help you easily memorise the 4 stages of respiration: glycolysis, the link reaction, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. Each card breaks down key steps, processes, and important details in a simple, easy-to-understand way—perfect for quick revision and boosting recall for exams.