What stage of mitosis is illustrated in the figure?
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Telophase
In cellular respiration, the cytoplasm breaks glucose down into pyruvate, producing
two molecules per glucose molecule (the process of glycolysis). In the mitochondria,
, pyruvate is further broken down and oxidized (combined with oxygen) to form
carbon dioxide; energy from this reaction is used to produce ATP.
In fermentation, glycolysis takes place as in cellular respiration, but the pyruvate is
converted into lactic acid instead of being combined with oxygen. (Yeasts convert
the pyruvate to alcohol instead of lactic acid.) Only the two ATP produced during
glycolysis are available.
During an aerobic workout, the muscles require a large amount of energy. If the
oxygen needed for cellular respiration cannot be obtained through breathing, the
muscle cells will use their internal oxygen reserves (stored in myoglobin). Once these
reserves are consumed, the cell will be unable to perform cellular respiration and will
instead perform fermentation, producing lactic acid.
Give this one a try later!
ESSAY:
Suring intense aerobic workouts, the body's muscles can build up lactic
acid. This chemical is a byproduct of fermentation and causes muscle
fatigue, aches, and weakness. Contrast cellular respiration with
fermentation; use the contrast to explain why the body performs
fermentation during intense aerobic workouts.
Unlike the eukaryotic cells of animals and plants, the prokaryotic cells of bacteria are
not divided into compartments by internal membranes. Which of the following
structures would not be found in a bacterium?
Give this one a try later!
Vacuole
Give this one a try later!
Telophase
In cellular respiration, the cytoplasm breaks glucose down into pyruvate, producing
two molecules per glucose molecule (the process of glycolysis). In the mitochondria,
, pyruvate is further broken down and oxidized (combined with oxygen) to form
carbon dioxide; energy from this reaction is used to produce ATP.
In fermentation, glycolysis takes place as in cellular respiration, but the pyruvate is
converted into lactic acid instead of being combined with oxygen. (Yeasts convert
the pyruvate to alcohol instead of lactic acid.) Only the two ATP produced during
glycolysis are available.
During an aerobic workout, the muscles require a large amount of energy. If the
oxygen needed for cellular respiration cannot be obtained through breathing, the
muscle cells will use their internal oxygen reserves (stored in myoglobin). Once these
reserves are consumed, the cell will be unable to perform cellular respiration and will
instead perform fermentation, producing lactic acid.
Give this one a try later!
ESSAY:
Suring intense aerobic workouts, the body's muscles can build up lactic
acid. This chemical is a byproduct of fermentation and causes muscle
fatigue, aches, and weakness. Contrast cellular respiration with
fermentation; use the contrast to explain why the body performs
fermentation during intense aerobic workouts.
Unlike the eukaryotic cells of animals and plants, the prokaryotic cells of bacteria are
not divided into compartments by internal membranes. Which of the following
structures would not be found in a bacterium?
Give this one a try later!
Vacuole
