Retrieval Failure
Recap Questions
Name the components of the WMM.
Central Executive, Phonological Loop, Visuospatial Sketch Pad, Episodic
Buffer.
Give one piece of evidence for the MSM.
One strength of the MSM is that it has real-life applications. The ability of
being able to identify the different parts to the long-term memory store
allows psychologists to study certain types of memory in order to improve
people’s lives. A study, conducted by Belleville et al., showed that episodic
memories could be improved in older people who had a mildly weakened
cognitive system. The participants who were trained performed better on
a test of episodic memory after training than the control group. This type
of memory is mostly affected by weakened cognitive systems, showing
the benefits of being able to tell apart the different aspects to long-term
memory, as it ultimately enables specific treatments to be developed.
Give one criticism of the MSM.
One limitation of the Multi-Store Model is that there is more than one type
of rehearsal. According to this concept, it suggests that effective
rehearsal heightens the likelihood of being able to transfer information into
the long-term memory store. However, this was found to be wrong by
Craik & Watkins, who found that effective rehearsal depends on the type
of rehearsal that you do, suggesting that there is more than one type.
Maintenance rehearsal, described in the MSM, maintains information in
the short-term memory store, however it doesn’t have a part in
transferring it into the long-term memory store. It is found that elaborative
rehearsal is needed for this transfer to take place. This is accessible when
you link information to your existing knowledge, or you think about what it
means. This is therefore a limitation because elaborative rehearsal cannot
be explained by the MSM.
Recap Questions
Name the components of the WMM.
Central Executive, Phonological Loop, Visuospatial Sketch Pad, Episodic
Buffer.
Give one piece of evidence for the MSM.
One strength of the MSM is that it has real-life applications. The ability of
being able to identify the different parts to the long-term memory store
allows psychologists to study certain types of memory in order to improve
people’s lives. A study, conducted by Belleville et al., showed that episodic
memories could be improved in older people who had a mildly weakened
cognitive system. The participants who were trained performed better on
a test of episodic memory after training than the control group. This type
of memory is mostly affected by weakened cognitive systems, showing
the benefits of being able to tell apart the different aspects to long-term
memory, as it ultimately enables specific treatments to be developed.
Give one criticism of the MSM.
One limitation of the Multi-Store Model is that there is more than one type
of rehearsal. According to this concept, it suggests that effective
rehearsal heightens the likelihood of being able to transfer information into
the long-term memory store. However, this was found to be wrong by
Craik & Watkins, who found that effective rehearsal depends on the type
of rehearsal that you do, suggesting that there is more than one type.
Maintenance rehearsal, described in the MSM, maintains information in
the short-term memory store, however it doesn’t have a part in
transferring it into the long-term memory store. It is found that elaborative
rehearsal is needed for this transfer to take place. This is accessible when
you link information to your existing knowledge, or you think about what it
means. This is therefore a limitation because elaborative rehearsal cannot
be explained by the MSM.
