EPIDEMIOLOGY TEST QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS ALL CORRECT
The ______ is the difference between the highest and lowest value in a group of
numbers - Answer- range
The German physician _______ verified that a disease was caused by a specific living
organism, the isolated the bacteria that cause anthrax and cholera - Answer- Robert
Koch
Similar to bar charts ______ are charts that are used to display the frequency
distributions for grouped categories of a continuous variable - Answer- histograms
In a _____ study the subjects are unaware of whether they are participating in the
treatment or control conditions - Answer- single-blind
______ refers to the degree to which the study has used methodologically sound
procedures - Answer- internal validity
A _______ policy is one that pertains to the health arena, for example, in dentistry,
medicine, public health, or regarding provision of healthcare services - Answer- health
_______ articulates science derived objectives for advancing the health of Americans -
Answer- Healthy people
In 1978, ________ findings regarding his development of a vaccine that provided
immunity to smallpox were published - Answer- Edward jenner
In epidemiology, place variables include - Answer- localized occurrence of disease
For which of the following criteria do epidemiologists need to observe the cause before
the effect - Answer- temporality
Used in case control studies, a type of indirect measure of the association between
frequency of exposure and frequency of outcome is known as the - Answer- odds ratio
Individuals who are involved in policy formulation, include members of the legislative,
citizens, lobbyists, and advocacy group representatives, are known as - Answer- policy
actors
, The adoption of policies, laws and programs that are supported by empirical data refers
to - Answer- evidence based public health
Disadvantage of case control studies include all except which of the following - Answer-
they can be used to study low prevalence conditions
The web of causation model specifies a type of causal relationship that is - Answer-
multifactorial
variations in infectious and chronic diseases from one country to another may be
attributed to - Answer- cultural factors
climate
access to health care
urban diseases and causes of mortality are more likely to be those associated with -
Answer- person to person contact
increases and decreases in the frequency of a disease within a year or over a period of
several years are known as - Answer- cyclic trends
gradual changes in the frequency of diseases over long periods are known as - Answer-
secular trends
the process for identifying adverse consequences and their associated probability is
known as - Answer- risk assessment
the relationship between the amount of exposure and the occurrence of the unwanted
health effects refers to - Answer- dose response assessment
when referring to a toxic substance, exposure assessment must take into account -
Answer- how much exposure occurs
how the substance is absorbed by the body
where the exposure occurs
participants are classified according to their exposure to a factor of interest and then are
observed over time to document the incidence of disease in what type of study -
Answer- prospective cohort study
all of the following are considered ratios except - Answer- time (percentage, rate,
proportion are)
Epidemiologic measures provide the following type of information - Answer- -frequency
of disease or condition
-strength of relationship between exposure and disease
-association between exposure and disease
AND ANSWERS ALL CORRECT
The ______ is the difference between the highest and lowest value in a group of
numbers - Answer- range
The German physician _______ verified that a disease was caused by a specific living
organism, the isolated the bacteria that cause anthrax and cholera - Answer- Robert
Koch
Similar to bar charts ______ are charts that are used to display the frequency
distributions for grouped categories of a continuous variable - Answer- histograms
In a _____ study the subjects are unaware of whether they are participating in the
treatment or control conditions - Answer- single-blind
______ refers to the degree to which the study has used methodologically sound
procedures - Answer- internal validity
A _______ policy is one that pertains to the health arena, for example, in dentistry,
medicine, public health, or regarding provision of healthcare services - Answer- health
_______ articulates science derived objectives for advancing the health of Americans -
Answer- Healthy people
In 1978, ________ findings regarding his development of a vaccine that provided
immunity to smallpox were published - Answer- Edward jenner
In epidemiology, place variables include - Answer- localized occurrence of disease
For which of the following criteria do epidemiologists need to observe the cause before
the effect - Answer- temporality
Used in case control studies, a type of indirect measure of the association between
frequency of exposure and frequency of outcome is known as the - Answer- odds ratio
Individuals who are involved in policy formulation, include members of the legislative,
citizens, lobbyists, and advocacy group representatives, are known as - Answer- policy
actors
, The adoption of policies, laws and programs that are supported by empirical data refers
to - Answer- evidence based public health
Disadvantage of case control studies include all except which of the following - Answer-
they can be used to study low prevalence conditions
The web of causation model specifies a type of causal relationship that is - Answer-
multifactorial
variations in infectious and chronic diseases from one country to another may be
attributed to - Answer- cultural factors
climate
access to health care
urban diseases and causes of mortality are more likely to be those associated with -
Answer- person to person contact
increases and decreases in the frequency of a disease within a year or over a period of
several years are known as - Answer- cyclic trends
gradual changes in the frequency of diseases over long periods are known as - Answer-
secular trends
the process for identifying adverse consequences and their associated probability is
known as - Answer- risk assessment
the relationship between the amount of exposure and the occurrence of the unwanted
health effects refers to - Answer- dose response assessment
when referring to a toxic substance, exposure assessment must take into account -
Answer- how much exposure occurs
how the substance is absorbed by the body
where the exposure occurs
participants are classified according to their exposure to a factor of interest and then are
observed over time to document the incidence of disease in what type of study -
Answer- prospective cohort study
all of the following are considered ratios except - Answer- time (percentage, rate,
proportion are)
Epidemiologic measures provide the following type of information - Answer- -frequency
of disease or condition
-strength of relationship between exposure and disease
-association between exposure and disease
