CURRENT Medical Diagnosis and
Treatment 2026
65th Edition
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
A. Disease Prevention & Health Promotion (5 items)
1) Reference
USPSTF — "A and B Recommendations" (Falls prevention &
prevention services)
Question Stem
A 72-year-old woman with well-controlled hypertension
presents for an annual wellness visit. She reports one fall last
year but no injury. Which preventive intervention will most
reduce her future fall risk?
,A. Start a daily low-dose aspirin
B. Begin a progressive exercise and balance program
C. Prescribe vitamin D 2000 IU daily
D. Advise complete bedrest and restrict walking
Correct Answer
B
Rationales
Correct (B): Exercise programs that include balance, gait, and
strength training are recommended to reduce fall risk in
community-dwelling adults ≥65 at increased risk; they address
modifiable physiologic contributors. USPSTF+1
A: Low-dose aspirin reduces vascular events in selected patients
but is not indicated for fall prevention and increases bleeding
risk.
C: Vitamin D may help in deficient individuals but exercise
interventions have stronger evidence for preventing falls;
routine high-dose vitamin D is not universally recommended.
D: Bedrest increases deconditioning and actually raises fall risk
and loss of independence.
Teaching Point
Balance and strength training prevent falls in at-risk older
adults.
Citation (Simplified APA)
USPSTF. (2024). A and B recommendations. USPSTF
,2) Reference
CDC — "Adult Immunization Schedule" (Vaccination for adults)
Question Stem
A 54-year-old man with well-controlled diabetes asks about
pneumococcal vaccination. According to current guidance,
which is the most appropriate action?
A. No pneumococcal vaccination needed until age 65
B. Recommend pneumococcal vaccination now because of
diabetes
C. Give pneumococcal vaccine only if he is a smoker
D. Delay vaccination until after a future influenza vaccine
Correct Answer
B
Rationales
Correct (B): Adults 19–64 with certain chronic conditions
(including diabetes) are recommended to receive
pneumococcal vaccination per current ACIP/CDC guidance for
higher-risk groups. CDC+1
A: Waiting until 65 ignores increased risk from diabetes and
current recommendations for earlier vaccination in high-risk
adults.
C: Smoking is another risk factor but absence of smoking does
not negate the indication from diabetes.
, D: Influenza vaccination timing does not dictate pneumococcal
vaccine timing; both should be administered according to
schedule.
Teaching Point
Pneumococcal vaccination is indicated earlier for adults with
chronic conditions (e.g., diabetes).
Citation (Simplified APA)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2025). Adult
immunization schedule. CDC+1
3) Reference
USPSTF — "A and B Recommendations" (Cervical cancer
screening not necessarily preventive counseling but example of
preventive service decision making)
Question Stem
A 40-year-old woman asks whether she needs a Pap test this
year. She has no prior abnormal results and has had three
consecutive negative Pap tests with HPV co-testing. What is the
best evidence-based counseling point?
A. Repeat Pap annually regardless of prior results
B. Extend screening interval per co-testing guidelines (every 5
years)
C. Stop screening permanently after three negatives
D. Screen monthly for HPV at home
Treatment 2026
65th Edition
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
A. Disease Prevention & Health Promotion (5 items)
1) Reference
USPSTF — "A and B Recommendations" (Falls prevention &
prevention services)
Question Stem
A 72-year-old woman with well-controlled hypertension
presents for an annual wellness visit. She reports one fall last
year but no injury. Which preventive intervention will most
reduce her future fall risk?
,A. Start a daily low-dose aspirin
B. Begin a progressive exercise and balance program
C. Prescribe vitamin D 2000 IU daily
D. Advise complete bedrest and restrict walking
Correct Answer
B
Rationales
Correct (B): Exercise programs that include balance, gait, and
strength training are recommended to reduce fall risk in
community-dwelling adults ≥65 at increased risk; they address
modifiable physiologic contributors. USPSTF+1
A: Low-dose aspirin reduces vascular events in selected patients
but is not indicated for fall prevention and increases bleeding
risk.
C: Vitamin D may help in deficient individuals but exercise
interventions have stronger evidence for preventing falls;
routine high-dose vitamin D is not universally recommended.
D: Bedrest increases deconditioning and actually raises fall risk
and loss of independence.
Teaching Point
Balance and strength training prevent falls in at-risk older
adults.
Citation (Simplified APA)
USPSTF. (2024). A and B recommendations. USPSTF
,2) Reference
CDC — "Adult Immunization Schedule" (Vaccination for adults)
Question Stem
A 54-year-old man with well-controlled diabetes asks about
pneumococcal vaccination. According to current guidance,
which is the most appropriate action?
A. No pneumococcal vaccination needed until age 65
B. Recommend pneumococcal vaccination now because of
diabetes
C. Give pneumococcal vaccine only if he is a smoker
D. Delay vaccination until after a future influenza vaccine
Correct Answer
B
Rationales
Correct (B): Adults 19–64 with certain chronic conditions
(including diabetes) are recommended to receive
pneumococcal vaccination per current ACIP/CDC guidance for
higher-risk groups. CDC+1
A: Waiting until 65 ignores increased risk from diabetes and
current recommendations for earlier vaccination in high-risk
adults.
C: Smoking is another risk factor but absence of smoking does
not negate the indication from diabetes.
, D: Influenza vaccination timing does not dictate pneumococcal
vaccine timing; both should be administered according to
schedule.
Teaching Point
Pneumococcal vaccination is indicated earlier for adults with
chronic conditions (e.g., diabetes).
Citation (Simplified APA)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2025). Adult
immunization schedule. CDC+1
3) Reference
USPSTF — "A and B Recommendations" (Cervical cancer
screening not necessarily preventive counseling but example of
preventive service decision making)
Question Stem
A 40-year-old woman asks whether she needs a Pap test this
year. She has no prior abnormal results and has had three
consecutive negative Pap tests with HPV co-testing. What is the
best evidence-based counseling point?
A. Repeat Pap annually regardless of prior results
B. Extend screening interval per co-testing guidelines (every 5
years)
C. Stop screening permanently after three negatives
D. Screen monthly for HPV at home
