NURSING 102 Med Surge Final Exam
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has rheumatoid arthritis
(RA) and is taking aspirin 650 mg every 4 hours. Which of the following
diagnostic testsshould the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectiveness
of this medication?
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
Rational
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease. ESR is useful in
detecting and monitoring tissue inflammation in clients with RA. As the
disease improves the ESR decreases.
….A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a history of
recurringcalcium oxalate kidney stones. Which of the following instructions
should the nurse include in the teaching?
Drink 3 L of fluid every day.
Rational
The nurse should instruct the client to drink at least 3 to 4 L of fluid every day
todilute the urine and reduce the risk for stone formation.
….A nurse is assessing a client who has disseminated intravascular
1 NURSING 102 MED SURGE FINAL EXAM(@#$(&)($@)__$)$_$@@_(_+$_(+_$@_(+$
,coagulation (DIC). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Excessive thrombosis and bleeding
Rational
The nurse should expect excessive thrombosis and bleeding of mucous
membranes because both DIC impairs both coagulation and anticoagulation
pathways.
….A nurse is caring for a middle adult client who has just received the
diagnosisof endometrial cancer. In taking a nursing history, which of the
following manifestations is likely to be reported by this client?
Postmenopausal bleeding
Rational
Endometrial cancer involves cancerous growth of the endometrium (lining
of theuterus). The most common manifestation of endometrial cancer is
abnormal uterine bleeding, including postmenopausal bleeding and
bleeding between normal periods in premenopausal women.
…A nurse is giving a presentation to a community group about preventing
atherosclerosis. Which of the following should the nurse include as a
modifiablerisk factor for this disorder? (Select all that apply.)
Hypercholesterolem
2 NURSING 102 MED SURGE FINAL EXAM(@#$(&)($@)__$)$_$@@_(_+$_(+_$@_(+$
,iaHypertension
Obesity
Smokin
g
…A nurse is admitting a client who has active tuberculosis to a room on a
medical-surgical unit. Which of the following room assignments should the
nursemake for the client?
A room with air exhaust directly to the outdoor environment
Rational
A room with air exhaust directly to the outside environment eliminates
contamination of other client-care areas. This type of ventilation system is
referred to as an airborne infection isolation room.
…. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client who has acute
pancreatitis. The nurse should expect to find an elevation of which of following
values?
Amylase
Rational
Amylase is an enzyme that changes complex sugars into simple sugars that
can beused by the body. It is produced by the pancreas and salivary glands
3 NURSING 102 MED SURGE FINAL EXAM(@#$(&)($@)__$)$_$@@_(_+$_(+_$@_(+$
, and releasedinto the mouth, stomach, and intestines to aid in digestion. The
amylase level of aclient who has acute pancreatitis usually increases within
12 to 24 hr and can remain elevated for 2 to 3 days.
…. A nurse in a clinic is interviewing a client who has a possible diagnosis of
endometriosis. Which of the following findings in the client's history should
thenurse recognize as consistent with a diagnosis of endometriosis?
Dysmenorrhea that is unresponsive to NSAIDs.
Rational
Endometriosis is a condition in which the type of tissue that lines the uterus
implants in locations outside the uterus. This typically causes pelvic pain
aroundthe time of the menstrual period but can cause pain at other times
in the cycle.The discomfort is often unrelieved by the use of NSAIDs.
…. A rehabilitation nurse is caring for a client who has had a spinal cord
injury that resulted in paraplegia. After a week on the unit, the nurse notes
that the client is withdrawn and increasingly resistant to rehabilitative
efforts by the staff.Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Establish a plan of care with the client that sets attainable goals.
Rational
The nurse should develop a plan of care for this client with mutually set
4 NURSING 102 MED SURGE FINAL EXAM(@#$(&)($@)__$)$_$@@_(_+$_(+_$@_(+$
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has rheumatoid arthritis
(RA) and is taking aspirin 650 mg every 4 hours. Which of the following
diagnostic testsshould the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectiveness
of this medication?
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
Rational
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease. ESR is useful in
detecting and monitoring tissue inflammation in clients with RA. As the
disease improves the ESR decreases.
….A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a history of
recurringcalcium oxalate kidney stones. Which of the following instructions
should the nurse include in the teaching?
Drink 3 L of fluid every day.
Rational
The nurse should instruct the client to drink at least 3 to 4 L of fluid every day
todilute the urine and reduce the risk for stone formation.
….A nurse is assessing a client who has disseminated intravascular
1 NURSING 102 MED SURGE FINAL EXAM(@#$(&)($@)__$)$_$@@_(_+$_(+_$@_(+$
,coagulation (DIC). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Excessive thrombosis and bleeding
Rational
The nurse should expect excessive thrombosis and bleeding of mucous
membranes because both DIC impairs both coagulation and anticoagulation
pathways.
….A nurse is caring for a middle adult client who has just received the
diagnosisof endometrial cancer. In taking a nursing history, which of the
following manifestations is likely to be reported by this client?
Postmenopausal bleeding
Rational
Endometrial cancer involves cancerous growth of the endometrium (lining
of theuterus). The most common manifestation of endometrial cancer is
abnormal uterine bleeding, including postmenopausal bleeding and
bleeding between normal periods in premenopausal women.
…A nurse is giving a presentation to a community group about preventing
atherosclerosis. Which of the following should the nurse include as a
modifiablerisk factor for this disorder? (Select all that apply.)
Hypercholesterolem
2 NURSING 102 MED SURGE FINAL EXAM(@#$(&)($@)__$)$_$@@_(_+$_(+_$@_(+$
,iaHypertension
Obesity
Smokin
g
…A nurse is admitting a client who has active tuberculosis to a room on a
medical-surgical unit. Which of the following room assignments should the
nursemake for the client?
A room with air exhaust directly to the outdoor environment
Rational
A room with air exhaust directly to the outside environment eliminates
contamination of other client-care areas. This type of ventilation system is
referred to as an airborne infection isolation room.
…. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client who has acute
pancreatitis. The nurse should expect to find an elevation of which of following
values?
Amylase
Rational
Amylase is an enzyme that changes complex sugars into simple sugars that
can beused by the body. It is produced by the pancreas and salivary glands
3 NURSING 102 MED SURGE FINAL EXAM(@#$(&)($@)__$)$_$@@_(_+$_(+_$@_(+$
, and releasedinto the mouth, stomach, and intestines to aid in digestion. The
amylase level of aclient who has acute pancreatitis usually increases within
12 to 24 hr and can remain elevated for 2 to 3 days.
…. A nurse in a clinic is interviewing a client who has a possible diagnosis of
endometriosis. Which of the following findings in the client's history should
thenurse recognize as consistent with a diagnosis of endometriosis?
Dysmenorrhea that is unresponsive to NSAIDs.
Rational
Endometriosis is a condition in which the type of tissue that lines the uterus
implants in locations outside the uterus. This typically causes pelvic pain
aroundthe time of the menstrual period but can cause pain at other times
in the cycle.The discomfort is often unrelieved by the use of NSAIDs.
…. A rehabilitation nurse is caring for a client who has had a spinal cord
injury that resulted in paraplegia. After a week on the unit, the nurse notes
that the client is withdrawn and increasingly resistant to rehabilitative
efforts by the staff.Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Establish a plan of care with the client that sets attainable goals.
Rational
The nurse should develop a plan of care for this client with mutually set
4 NURSING 102 MED SURGE FINAL EXAM(@#$(&)($@)__$)$_$@@_(_+$_(+_$@_(+$
