, THE IMMUNE SYSTEM, FOURTH EDITION
CHAPTER 1: ELEMENTS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
AND THEIR ROLES IN DEFENSE
1–1 The last cases of smallpox were reported in the .
a. 1950s
b. 1960s
c. 1970s
d. 1980s
e. 1990s.
1–2 The first line of defense against microorganisms that infect the body is referred to as
.
a. opportunistic immunity
b. innate immunity
c. adaptive immunity
d. primary immunity
e. central immunity.
1–3 Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
a. innate immunity: highly specialized defenses
b. secondary immune response: immunological memory
c. hematopoiesis: bone marrow
d. phagocytosis: uptake and killing of microbes
e. lymphocyte recirculation: continuous transport between blood and lymph.
1–4 All of the following are examples of chemical barriers of innate immunity except .
a. lactic acid
b. normal microbiota
c. lysozyme
d. fatty acids
e. proteases.
1–5 When effector lymphocytes secrete , an inflammatory response ensues.
a. lysozyme
b. defensins
c. lymph
d. sebum
e. cytokines.
1–6 The thin layer of cells that makes up the interior lining of the blood vessels is called the
.
a. mucosa
1
,b. epithelium
c. endothelium
d. connective tissue
e. lymphoid tissue.
1–7 Identify the incorrect statement regarding hematopoiesis.
a. Hematopoiesis is a continuous process that occurs throughout one’s lifetime.
b. The location for hematopoiesis differs with age.
c. Self renewal is necessary to replenish the supply of hematopoietic stem cells.
d. Most hematopoiesis occurs in the bone marrow after birth.
e. Leukocytes, but not erythrocytes, must go through hematopoiesis in order to develop.
1–8 The progenitors of macrophages are .
a. megakaryocytes
b. dendritic cells
c. monocytes
d. neutrophils
e. erythrocytes
f. M cells.
1–9 act as cellular messengers by delivering degraded pathogens to lymphoid organs.
a. Plasma cells
b. Dendritic cells
c. Large granular lymphocytes
d. Mast cells
e. Basophils.
1–10 Another name for a large granular lymphocyte is a .
a. plasma cell
b. helper T cell
c. monocyte
d. natural killer cell
e. eosinophil.
1–11 Effector cells that secrete antibodies are known as .
a. natural killer cells
b. cytotoxic T cells
c. helper T cells
d. M cells
e. plasma cells
f. regulatory T cells.
1–12 Spherical regions in lymph nodes containing areas that are packed densely with
proliferating B cells are called .
a. efferent vessels
b. germinal centers
2
, c. red mpulp mzones
d. periarterial mlymphoid msheaths
e. medullary msinuses.
1–13 The m is m(are) mthe mlymphoid morgan(s) mthat mfilter(s) mthe mblood.
a. spleen
b. tonsils
c. Peyer’s mpatches
d. appendix
e. adenoids.
1–14 cells mpersist mlong mafter man mindividual mhas mbeen mvaccinated.
a. Neutrophil
b. Plasma
c. Memory
d. M
e. Mast.
1–15 During man minfection, m are mmobilized min mlarge mnumbers mfrom mthe mbone mmarrow.
a. dendritic mcells
b. memory mcells
c. macrophages
d. neutrophils
e. B mcells.
1–16 In mmost mcases, madaptive mimmune mresponses mrely mon mthe minitial mactivation
mof m in msecondary mlymphoid mtissue:
a. macrophages
b. T mcells
c. B mcells
d. dendritic mcells
e. epithelium.
1–17 All mof mthe mfollowing mstatements mare mcharacteristic mof msecondary mimmune mresponses
mexcept
.
a. Secondary mimmune mresponses mare mactivated mwhen mprimary mimmune
mresponses mfail mto mcompletely meradicate man minfection.
b. Secondary mimmune mresponses mare mrestricted mto madaptive mimmune mresponses.
c. Memory mcells mare mactivated mrapidly mduring msecondary mimmune mresponses.
d. Secondary mimmune mresponses mare morders mof mmagnitude mgreater mthan mprimary
mimmune mresponses.
e. During ma msecondary mimmune mresponse mto ma mbooster mvaccine, mit mis mpossible mto
mexperience ma mprimary mimmune mresponse mto man munrelated mvaccine mcomponent
mencountered mfor mthe mfirst mtime.
1–18 Identify mthe mfour mclasses mof mpathogens mthat mprovoke mimmune mresponses min mour
3
CHAPTER 1: ELEMENTS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
AND THEIR ROLES IN DEFENSE
1–1 The last cases of smallpox were reported in the .
a. 1950s
b. 1960s
c. 1970s
d. 1980s
e. 1990s.
1–2 The first line of defense against microorganisms that infect the body is referred to as
.
a. opportunistic immunity
b. innate immunity
c. adaptive immunity
d. primary immunity
e. central immunity.
1–3 Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
a. innate immunity: highly specialized defenses
b. secondary immune response: immunological memory
c. hematopoiesis: bone marrow
d. phagocytosis: uptake and killing of microbes
e. lymphocyte recirculation: continuous transport between blood and lymph.
1–4 All of the following are examples of chemical barriers of innate immunity except .
a. lactic acid
b. normal microbiota
c. lysozyme
d. fatty acids
e. proteases.
1–5 When effector lymphocytes secrete , an inflammatory response ensues.
a. lysozyme
b. defensins
c. lymph
d. sebum
e. cytokines.
1–6 The thin layer of cells that makes up the interior lining of the blood vessels is called the
.
a. mucosa
1
,b. epithelium
c. endothelium
d. connective tissue
e. lymphoid tissue.
1–7 Identify the incorrect statement regarding hematopoiesis.
a. Hematopoiesis is a continuous process that occurs throughout one’s lifetime.
b. The location for hematopoiesis differs with age.
c. Self renewal is necessary to replenish the supply of hematopoietic stem cells.
d. Most hematopoiesis occurs in the bone marrow after birth.
e. Leukocytes, but not erythrocytes, must go through hematopoiesis in order to develop.
1–8 The progenitors of macrophages are .
a. megakaryocytes
b. dendritic cells
c. monocytes
d. neutrophils
e. erythrocytes
f. M cells.
1–9 act as cellular messengers by delivering degraded pathogens to lymphoid organs.
a. Plasma cells
b. Dendritic cells
c. Large granular lymphocytes
d. Mast cells
e. Basophils.
1–10 Another name for a large granular lymphocyte is a .
a. plasma cell
b. helper T cell
c. monocyte
d. natural killer cell
e. eosinophil.
1–11 Effector cells that secrete antibodies are known as .
a. natural killer cells
b. cytotoxic T cells
c. helper T cells
d. M cells
e. plasma cells
f. regulatory T cells.
1–12 Spherical regions in lymph nodes containing areas that are packed densely with
proliferating B cells are called .
a. efferent vessels
b. germinal centers
2
, c. red mpulp mzones
d. periarterial mlymphoid msheaths
e. medullary msinuses.
1–13 The m is m(are) mthe mlymphoid morgan(s) mthat mfilter(s) mthe mblood.
a. spleen
b. tonsils
c. Peyer’s mpatches
d. appendix
e. adenoids.
1–14 cells mpersist mlong mafter man mindividual mhas mbeen mvaccinated.
a. Neutrophil
b. Plasma
c. Memory
d. M
e. Mast.
1–15 During man minfection, m are mmobilized min mlarge mnumbers mfrom mthe mbone mmarrow.
a. dendritic mcells
b. memory mcells
c. macrophages
d. neutrophils
e. B mcells.
1–16 In mmost mcases, madaptive mimmune mresponses mrely mon mthe minitial mactivation
mof m in msecondary mlymphoid mtissue:
a. macrophages
b. T mcells
c. B mcells
d. dendritic mcells
e. epithelium.
1–17 All mof mthe mfollowing mstatements mare mcharacteristic mof msecondary mimmune mresponses
mexcept
.
a. Secondary mimmune mresponses mare mactivated mwhen mprimary mimmune
mresponses mfail mto mcompletely meradicate man minfection.
b. Secondary mimmune mresponses mare mrestricted mto madaptive mimmune mresponses.
c. Memory mcells mare mactivated mrapidly mduring msecondary mimmune mresponses.
d. Secondary mimmune mresponses mare morders mof mmagnitude mgreater mthan mprimary
mimmune mresponses.
e. During ma msecondary mimmune mresponse mto ma mbooster mvaccine, mit mis mpossible mto
mexperience ma mprimary mimmune mresponse mto man munrelated mvaccine mcomponent
mencountered mfor mthe mfirst mtime.
1–18 Identify mthe mfour mclasses mof mpathogens mthat mprovoke mimmune mresponses min mour
3
