PTI 2 Midterm Exam- master (LEAH1099) questions with
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
verified detailed answers ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Terms in this set (243) ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Original
What is TENS used for ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- pain modulation
||\\//|| ||\\//||
- stimulating sensory, motor, nociceptive neurons
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
what unit is tens amplitude
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- milliamps
||\\//||
Conventional TENS ||\\//||
- sensory level: target A beta
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- frequency: >100pps
||\\//|| ||\\//||
- treatment time: >30min
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- pulse duration shorter (<100us)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- duration of relief: short
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- can do during therex to modulate pain during activity
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- biphasic PC symmetrical
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
,Acupuncture like - rhythmical TENS ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- motor level
||\\//|| ||\\//||
- targets motor neurons (A beta and a alpha fibers)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- pain theory: descending control
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- high amplitude (visible muscle twitching)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- low frequency (2-4pps)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- long pulse duration 200-300us
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- treatment time > 30 mins
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- duration of relief: potentially hours
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- biphasic PC symmetrical
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Brief Intense TENS
||\\//|| ||\\//||
- noxious level
||\\//|| ||\\//||
- target C and a delta fibers
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- pain theory: descending control and opiate- mediated system
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- high amplitude (as high as person can tolerate)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- high frequency (100-150pps)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- long pulse duration (> 1ms)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- longer than 30 mins
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- duration of relief: hours
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- biphasic PC symmetrical
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Burst TENS ||\\//||
- causing noxious level TENS
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
,- targets A delta and C fibers
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- pain theories: descending control and opiate mediated system (same as brief intense but
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
lower frequency) ||\\//||
- biphasic waves w breaks in between
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- high amplitude (as high as they can tolerate)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- frequency is much lower (2-4pps)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- long pulse duration: >1ms
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- duration of treatment: >30 min
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- duration of relief: hours
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- biphasic PC symmetrical
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What is IFC used for ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- pain > strengthening
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- targets a larger area than TENS
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Constructive interference ||\\//||
- sinusoidal waves are exactly the same and summit in fashion
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Destructive Interference ||\\//||
- sinusoidal waves are exactly the same and generated exactly out of phase w each other
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
therefore cancelling each other out ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- ex: generator 1 starts in negative and 2 starts in positive
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
, Heterodyne
- the blending of waves in a combined constructive and destructive pattern
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- rising and falling waveform
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
IFC vs TENS ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- IFC better for chronic pain
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- IFC is deeper
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- IFC used for bowel dysfunction
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- IFC = motor, TENS= sensory, motor, C fiber and adelta
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
When to use premod IFC ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- smaller treatment areas
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- crossing in machine instead of on outside
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- farther apart=deeper penetration
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- electrode over painful area
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Quadripolar IFC ||\\//||
- 4 electrodes, crossing on outside
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- painful area in center
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
w vector scan:
||\\//|| ||\\//||
- rotation of treatment area, modulates one channel and stays unmodulated on other
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
verified detailed answers ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Terms in this set (243) ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Original
What is TENS used for ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- pain modulation
||\\//|| ||\\//||
- stimulating sensory, motor, nociceptive neurons
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
what unit is tens amplitude
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- milliamps
||\\//||
Conventional TENS ||\\//||
- sensory level: target A beta
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- frequency: >100pps
||\\//|| ||\\//||
- treatment time: >30min
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- pulse duration shorter (<100us)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- duration of relief: short
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- can do during therex to modulate pain during activity
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- biphasic PC symmetrical
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
,Acupuncture like - rhythmical TENS ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- motor level
||\\//|| ||\\//||
- targets motor neurons (A beta and a alpha fibers)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- pain theory: descending control
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- high amplitude (visible muscle twitching)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- low frequency (2-4pps)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- long pulse duration 200-300us
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- treatment time > 30 mins
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- duration of relief: potentially hours
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- biphasic PC symmetrical
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Brief Intense TENS
||\\//|| ||\\//||
- noxious level
||\\//|| ||\\//||
- target C and a delta fibers
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- pain theory: descending control and opiate- mediated system
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- high amplitude (as high as person can tolerate)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- high frequency (100-150pps)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- long pulse duration (> 1ms)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- longer than 30 mins
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- duration of relief: hours
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- biphasic PC symmetrical
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Burst TENS ||\\//||
- causing noxious level TENS
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
,- targets A delta and C fibers
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- pain theories: descending control and opiate mediated system (same as brief intense but
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
lower frequency) ||\\//||
- biphasic waves w breaks in between
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- high amplitude (as high as they can tolerate)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- frequency is much lower (2-4pps)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- long pulse duration: >1ms
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- duration of treatment: >30 min
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- duration of relief: hours
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- biphasic PC symmetrical
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What is IFC used for ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- pain > strengthening
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- targets a larger area than TENS
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Constructive interference ||\\//||
- sinusoidal waves are exactly the same and summit in fashion
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Destructive Interference ||\\//||
- sinusoidal waves are exactly the same and generated exactly out of phase w each other
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
therefore cancelling each other out ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- ex: generator 1 starts in negative and 2 starts in positive
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
, Heterodyne
- the blending of waves in a combined constructive and destructive pattern
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- rising and falling waveform
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
IFC vs TENS ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- IFC better for chronic pain
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- IFC is deeper
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- IFC used for bowel dysfunction
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- IFC = motor, TENS= sensory, motor, C fiber and adelta
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
When to use premod IFC ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- smaller treatment areas
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- crossing in machine instead of on outside
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- farther apart=deeper penetration
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- electrode over painful area
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Quadripolar IFC ||\\//||
- 4 electrodes, crossing on outside
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- painful area in center
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
w vector scan:
||\\//|| ||\\//||
- rotation of treatment area, modulates one channel and stays unmodulated on other
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
