ACOLS- WRITTEN TEST QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
General [BRIDC] - ABSOLUTE - Answer -Acute Bronchitis, Renal Disease, Acute
Infection, DVT, Chronic Edema
Compression [CASI] - ABSOLUTE - Answer -Cardiac Edema, Arterial Disease,
Spasticity, Acute Infection
Neck [Hyper 4 C's] - ABSOLUTE - Answer -Hyperthyroidism, Cartoid Endoarterectomy,
CVA, Cardiac Arrhythmia, Cartoid Sinus Syndrome
Abdominal [DISCARD PP]- ABSOLUTE - Answer -Diverticulitis, Diverticulosis, Illeus,
Inflammation large/small intestines, recent abdominal surgery, CHF, Children Under 12,
Aortic Aneurysm, radiation fibrosis/radiation cystitis, Dysmenorrhea, Acute DVT,
Pregnancy, unexplained pain.
Name all Anastomoses - Answer -AAA, AII, AI/IA, PAA, PII
When the pre-capillary sphincter contracts.. - Answer -Less blood into capillaries.
Less Blood= decreased BCP
Gate closes
When the pre-capillary sphincter dilates... - Answer -Moore blood into capillaries.
More volume= increased BCP.
Gate opens
Name two classes of lymphedema - Answer -Primary and Secondary
primary lymphedema - Answer -Malformation or dysplasia of the lymphatic system
secondary lymphedema - Answer -a known insult to the lymphatic system following the
latency stage.
Hypoplasia (primary) - Answer -fewer collectors that are smaller in diameter. Seen in
UE and LE
Hyperplasia (primary) - Answer -collectors are larger in diameter resulting in insufficient
valvular system, TC is compromised, can lead to cysts and reflux.
Aplasia (primary) - Answer -No lymph capillaries or nodes in parts of the body, most
commonly in dorsum of the foot.
What is filtration? - Answer -Transport solution through filter, semi permeable
membrane. (Coffee Grounds)
BCP art > COP pl is what? - Answer -Filtration
, What is reabsorption? - Answer -water reabsorbed through from tissue back to venous
end of blood capillary.
Effects of Compression - Answer -Reduce Filtration, Increase Reabsorption, Improves
efficiency of muscle and joint pump, prevent re-accumulation of fluid from MLD, breaks
down scar tissue, supports tissue that lost elasticity.
What is a pre-capillary sphincter? - Answer -Smooth muscle innervated by the
sympathetic portion of the ANS.
inguinal node fibrosis (primary) - Answer -Kinmonth Syndrome, fibrosis of capsular and
trabeculae area of lymph nodes.
Classifications of secondary lymphedema - Answer -Surgery, radiation, infection,
trauma, cancer, self-induced, malignant, benign, pure, combination, lymphedema with
reflux.
Stage 0 lymphedema - Answer -Latency, no swelling, mechanical insufficiency present.
Stage 1 lymphedema - Answer -Reversible swelling, mechanical insufficiency present,
pitting present.
Stage 2 lymphedema - Answer -Spontaneously Irreversible, mechanical insufficiency,
Fibrosis present, frequent Infections
stage 3 lymphedema - Answer -Lymphatic Elephantiasis, mechanical insufficiency,
fibrosis, deepened skin folds, increase in limb volume
CVI Stage 0 - Answer -sub-clinical, venous pooling with ambulation, may see
varicosities end of day, no swelling if LS can compensate. Edema
CVI Stage 1 Phlebo-lymphodynamic Insufficiency - Answer -Swelling end of day,
Lymphatic safety factor activated, LL exceeds TC, some pitting, Edema, CDT NO, MLD
not contraindicated.
CVI stage 2 Phlebo-lymphostatic Insufficiency - Answer -lymph vessels and BC's are
diseased, functional and morphological changes, TC- subnormal, mechanical
insufficiency, hemosiderin staining
CVI stage 3 ulcerations - Answer -same as stage 2, 85% of wounds are venous
Inguinal lymph Nodes Pathway (christmas) - Answer -Inguinal Lymph nodes, pelvic
lymph nodes, lumbar lymph nodes, lumbar trunk, cisterna chyli, thoracic duct, L venous
Angle
General [BRIDC] - ABSOLUTE - Answer -Acute Bronchitis, Renal Disease, Acute
Infection, DVT, Chronic Edema
Compression [CASI] - ABSOLUTE - Answer -Cardiac Edema, Arterial Disease,
Spasticity, Acute Infection
Neck [Hyper 4 C's] - ABSOLUTE - Answer -Hyperthyroidism, Cartoid Endoarterectomy,
CVA, Cardiac Arrhythmia, Cartoid Sinus Syndrome
Abdominal [DISCARD PP]- ABSOLUTE - Answer -Diverticulitis, Diverticulosis, Illeus,
Inflammation large/small intestines, recent abdominal surgery, CHF, Children Under 12,
Aortic Aneurysm, radiation fibrosis/radiation cystitis, Dysmenorrhea, Acute DVT,
Pregnancy, unexplained pain.
Name all Anastomoses - Answer -AAA, AII, AI/IA, PAA, PII
When the pre-capillary sphincter contracts.. - Answer -Less blood into capillaries.
Less Blood= decreased BCP
Gate closes
When the pre-capillary sphincter dilates... - Answer -Moore blood into capillaries.
More volume= increased BCP.
Gate opens
Name two classes of lymphedema - Answer -Primary and Secondary
primary lymphedema - Answer -Malformation or dysplasia of the lymphatic system
secondary lymphedema - Answer -a known insult to the lymphatic system following the
latency stage.
Hypoplasia (primary) - Answer -fewer collectors that are smaller in diameter. Seen in
UE and LE
Hyperplasia (primary) - Answer -collectors are larger in diameter resulting in insufficient
valvular system, TC is compromised, can lead to cysts and reflux.
Aplasia (primary) - Answer -No lymph capillaries or nodes in parts of the body, most
commonly in dorsum of the foot.
What is filtration? - Answer -Transport solution through filter, semi permeable
membrane. (Coffee Grounds)
BCP art > COP pl is what? - Answer -Filtration
, What is reabsorption? - Answer -water reabsorbed through from tissue back to venous
end of blood capillary.
Effects of Compression - Answer -Reduce Filtration, Increase Reabsorption, Improves
efficiency of muscle and joint pump, prevent re-accumulation of fluid from MLD, breaks
down scar tissue, supports tissue that lost elasticity.
What is a pre-capillary sphincter? - Answer -Smooth muscle innervated by the
sympathetic portion of the ANS.
inguinal node fibrosis (primary) - Answer -Kinmonth Syndrome, fibrosis of capsular and
trabeculae area of lymph nodes.
Classifications of secondary lymphedema - Answer -Surgery, radiation, infection,
trauma, cancer, self-induced, malignant, benign, pure, combination, lymphedema with
reflux.
Stage 0 lymphedema - Answer -Latency, no swelling, mechanical insufficiency present.
Stage 1 lymphedema - Answer -Reversible swelling, mechanical insufficiency present,
pitting present.
Stage 2 lymphedema - Answer -Spontaneously Irreversible, mechanical insufficiency,
Fibrosis present, frequent Infections
stage 3 lymphedema - Answer -Lymphatic Elephantiasis, mechanical insufficiency,
fibrosis, deepened skin folds, increase in limb volume
CVI Stage 0 - Answer -sub-clinical, venous pooling with ambulation, may see
varicosities end of day, no swelling if LS can compensate. Edema
CVI Stage 1 Phlebo-lymphodynamic Insufficiency - Answer -Swelling end of day,
Lymphatic safety factor activated, LL exceeds TC, some pitting, Edema, CDT NO, MLD
not contraindicated.
CVI stage 2 Phlebo-lymphostatic Insufficiency - Answer -lymph vessels and BC's are
diseased, functional and morphological changes, TC- subnormal, mechanical
insufficiency, hemosiderin staining
CVI stage 3 ulcerations - Answer -same as stage 2, 85% of wounds are venous
Inguinal lymph Nodes Pathway (christmas) - Answer -Inguinal Lymph nodes, pelvic
lymph nodes, lumbar lymph nodes, lumbar trunk, cisterna chyli, thoracic duct, L venous
Angle
