Early Childhood Development: A Multicultural Perspective, 7e (Trawick-Smith)
Chapter 1 Studying Early Childhood Development in a Diverse World
1.1 Multiple Choice: Recall Questions
1) Which of the following statements best describes the process of child development?
A) Children acquire more knowledge and grow larger and stronger over time.
B) Children are "emerging selves;" they mature over time, just as other organisms unfold.
C) Children's abilities and knowledge are shaped by caring adults within their environment.
D) Children's knowledge and physical abilities increase and also change qualitatively over time.
Answer: D
2) Qualitative development involves:
A) transformations in the processes of thinking, feeling, and moving.
B) growing complexity in biological functions only.
C) the formation of diverse affective states.
D) the acquisition of more knowledge and skills.
Answer: A
3) Which of the following best explains the statement "Children are almost different people from
one developmental stage to the next"?
A) Temperamental shift occurs, causing a quiet child to become bold and active or a shy child to
become outgoing.
B) Children's facial structure and stature change so markedly that they appear to be very different
people.
C) Personalities vary drastically from one developmental stage to another.
D) Children think and behave in qualitatively different ways as they develop.
Answer: D
4) Development is best described as:
A) qualitative and quantitative changes over time.
B) physical and mental growth of humans from birth to old age.
C) acceleration of mental and physical functions with age.
D) the acquisition of knowledge and physical skill during the life cycle.
Answer: A
5) Early childhood development is defined in the field of education as development:
A) of mental operations from birth to five years.
B) which begins with the child's first words and ends with formal operational thought in
adolescence.
C) from the preschool years to the primary grades.
D) from conception and birth to age eight.
Answer: D
1
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
VERIFIEDBRAINBOOSTER
,6) Understanding child development assists the teacher and caregiver in all of the following
EXCEPT:
A) arranging the physical aspects of the classroom in a way that best encourages the active
learning styles of young children.
B) accelerating the child's development past certain developmental stages.
C) planning curriculum that is developmentally appropriate.
D) guiding the behaviors of young children in the classroom setting.
Answer: B
7) Which of the following statements about Western perspective on child development is
accurate?
A) All children, regardless of background, enjoy greater healthcare and childcare than in
previous centuries.
B) In Western society, children have always been viewed as distinct human beings from infancy.
C) Concern for children's socialization needs is a relatively recent development in Western
history.
D) Over the past several centuries, children have come to be viewed as "little adults."
Answer: C
8) Prior to the Middle Ages, children in Western society were:
A) smothered with affection to the point where personality development was often inhibited.
B) cared for by hired caregivers, so bonding with parents rarely occurred.
C) believed to be nonpersons in infancy and little adults by age 7.
D) believed to be dependent and uneducable until 8 years of age.
Answer: C
9) Why should the word minority no longer be used to refer to historically underrepresented
groups in the United States?
A) There are so many individual variations across cultures that a single term should not be used
to define them all.
B) The word has so many other meanings within our culture that it can be misleading.
C) The word is overused in child development research, leading to a "cultural deficit model."
D) "Minorities" will soon comprise the majority of people in American society.
Answer: D
10) The Child Watch Visitation Program of the Children's Defense Fund is powerful as an
advocate for child development because:
A) it is focused primarily on the central issue of reducing poverty within society.
B) it provides financial support for families at the lowest socioeconomic level.
C) it allows policy members to see for themselves the challenges that children and families face.
D) it emphasizes education, health services, and emotional support.
Answer: C
2
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
VERIFIEDBRAINBOOSTER
,11) Socioeconomic status, or SES, does NOT usually take into account:
A) income.
B) level of education.
C) occupation of primary wage earners.
D) ethnicity.
Answer: D
12) Which of the following is an accurate statement?
A) Socioeconomic status is something very different from culture or ethnicity.
B) Socioeconomic status is a measure of economic class based completely on family income.
C) Socioeconomic status is synonymous with special needs status.
D) Socioeconomic status is the social acceptance status of a particular cultural group.
Answer: A
13) Which of the following statements best describes studies that have been conducted with
children of historically underrepresented groups?
A) Children of historically underrepresented groups are more likely to be studied than Euro-
American children.
B) Most research has been done with only Euro-American children; children of color have been
traditionally excluded.
C) In recent years, there has been much multicultural research with young children of color in
almost every area of development.
D) Studies do not compare the development of children of historically underrepresented groups
to that of children from mainstream society.
Answer: C
14) One way in which slavery and colonialism have influenced parenting values and child-
rearing practices is that:
A) parents are more likely to sever ties with extended family and cultural groups.
B) parents are more likely to emphasize multicultural education and developing diverse friend
groups.
C) parents are more likely to encourage their children to be dependent on them until adulthood.
D) parents are more likely to rely on a firm disciplinary approach in order to protect their
children.
Answer: D
15) The term "children of color" is best used to describe:
A) children from non-European, non-Caucasian backgrounds.
B) children with low socioeconomic status.
C) children with parents who are of different races or ethnic groups.
D) children with minority status.
Answer: A
3
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
VERIFIEDBRAINBOOSTER
, 16) When researchers refer to the "unique and/or diverse needs of young children," they are
typically referring to the needs of:
A) all children, as individuals.
B) children from historically underrepresented groups.
C) children from families of varied socioeconomic status.
D) children with challenging conditions or disabilities.
Answer: A
17) The term "culturally deprived":
A) is used today to describe the relationship between culture and socioeconomic status.
B) reflects a trend towards including diverse samples in developmental research.
C) is a synonym of the modern phrase "cultural difference."
D) reflects the inaccurate idea that children who speak and behave differently from white,
middle-class children are atypical or developmentally delayed.
Answer: D
18) Which statement best describes the relationship between special needs and low
socioeconomic status?
A) Low socioeconomic status and special needs are essentially the same thing, for purposes of
diagnostic assessment.
B) Special needs and low socioeconomic status are separate, distinct concepts.
C) Special needs usually cause low socioeconomic status.
D) Low socioeconomic status usually causes special needs.
Answer: B
19) Which statement best describes the relationship between knowledge of child development
and the shaping of public policy?
A) Knowledge of the universals of child development is the only thing necessary to develop
effective public policy for children.
B) Knowledge of child development from a multicultural perspective is required to develop
effective public policy for children.
C) Knowledge of child development is helpful but not necessary to forging effective public
policy.
D) Knowledge of child development is necessary only in developing policy related to children
with disabilities and special needs.
Answer: B
20) As teachers and caregivers, we can become advocates for young children by:
A) informing legislators and other public officials about the needs of young children and their
families.
B) informing parents and community members about legislative concerns.
C) being aware of current legislation that will affect the quality of life for young children and
their families.
D) doing all the things presented in the options here.
Answer: D
4
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
VERIFIEDBRAINBOOSTER
Chapter 1 Studying Early Childhood Development in a Diverse World
1.1 Multiple Choice: Recall Questions
1) Which of the following statements best describes the process of child development?
A) Children acquire more knowledge and grow larger and stronger over time.
B) Children are "emerging selves;" they mature over time, just as other organisms unfold.
C) Children's abilities and knowledge are shaped by caring adults within their environment.
D) Children's knowledge and physical abilities increase and also change qualitatively over time.
Answer: D
2) Qualitative development involves:
A) transformations in the processes of thinking, feeling, and moving.
B) growing complexity in biological functions only.
C) the formation of diverse affective states.
D) the acquisition of more knowledge and skills.
Answer: A
3) Which of the following best explains the statement "Children are almost different people from
one developmental stage to the next"?
A) Temperamental shift occurs, causing a quiet child to become bold and active or a shy child to
become outgoing.
B) Children's facial structure and stature change so markedly that they appear to be very different
people.
C) Personalities vary drastically from one developmental stage to another.
D) Children think and behave in qualitatively different ways as they develop.
Answer: D
4) Development is best described as:
A) qualitative and quantitative changes over time.
B) physical and mental growth of humans from birth to old age.
C) acceleration of mental and physical functions with age.
D) the acquisition of knowledge and physical skill during the life cycle.
Answer: A
5) Early childhood development is defined in the field of education as development:
A) of mental operations from birth to five years.
B) which begins with the child's first words and ends with formal operational thought in
adolescence.
C) from the preschool years to the primary grades.
D) from conception and birth to age eight.
Answer: D
1
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
VERIFIEDBRAINBOOSTER
,6) Understanding child development assists the teacher and caregiver in all of the following
EXCEPT:
A) arranging the physical aspects of the classroom in a way that best encourages the active
learning styles of young children.
B) accelerating the child's development past certain developmental stages.
C) planning curriculum that is developmentally appropriate.
D) guiding the behaviors of young children in the classroom setting.
Answer: B
7) Which of the following statements about Western perspective on child development is
accurate?
A) All children, regardless of background, enjoy greater healthcare and childcare than in
previous centuries.
B) In Western society, children have always been viewed as distinct human beings from infancy.
C) Concern for children's socialization needs is a relatively recent development in Western
history.
D) Over the past several centuries, children have come to be viewed as "little adults."
Answer: C
8) Prior to the Middle Ages, children in Western society were:
A) smothered with affection to the point where personality development was often inhibited.
B) cared for by hired caregivers, so bonding with parents rarely occurred.
C) believed to be nonpersons in infancy and little adults by age 7.
D) believed to be dependent and uneducable until 8 years of age.
Answer: C
9) Why should the word minority no longer be used to refer to historically underrepresented
groups in the United States?
A) There are so many individual variations across cultures that a single term should not be used
to define them all.
B) The word has so many other meanings within our culture that it can be misleading.
C) The word is overused in child development research, leading to a "cultural deficit model."
D) "Minorities" will soon comprise the majority of people in American society.
Answer: D
10) The Child Watch Visitation Program of the Children's Defense Fund is powerful as an
advocate for child development because:
A) it is focused primarily on the central issue of reducing poverty within society.
B) it provides financial support for families at the lowest socioeconomic level.
C) it allows policy members to see for themselves the challenges that children and families face.
D) it emphasizes education, health services, and emotional support.
Answer: C
2
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
VERIFIEDBRAINBOOSTER
,11) Socioeconomic status, or SES, does NOT usually take into account:
A) income.
B) level of education.
C) occupation of primary wage earners.
D) ethnicity.
Answer: D
12) Which of the following is an accurate statement?
A) Socioeconomic status is something very different from culture or ethnicity.
B) Socioeconomic status is a measure of economic class based completely on family income.
C) Socioeconomic status is synonymous with special needs status.
D) Socioeconomic status is the social acceptance status of a particular cultural group.
Answer: A
13) Which of the following statements best describes studies that have been conducted with
children of historically underrepresented groups?
A) Children of historically underrepresented groups are more likely to be studied than Euro-
American children.
B) Most research has been done with only Euro-American children; children of color have been
traditionally excluded.
C) In recent years, there has been much multicultural research with young children of color in
almost every area of development.
D) Studies do not compare the development of children of historically underrepresented groups
to that of children from mainstream society.
Answer: C
14) One way in which slavery and colonialism have influenced parenting values and child-
rearing practices is that:
A) parents are more likely to sever ties with extended family and cultural groups.
B) parents are more likely to emphasize multicultural education and developing diverse friend
groups.
C) parents are more likely to encourage their children to be dependent on them until adulthood.
D) parents are more likely to rely on a firm disciplinary approach in order to protect their
children.
Answer: D
15) The term "children of color" is best used to describe:
A) children from non-European, non-Caucasian backgrounds.
B) children with low socioeconomic status.
C) children with parents who are of different races or ethnic groups.
D) children with minority status.
Answer: A
3
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
VERIFIEDBRAINBOOSTER
, 16) When researchers refer to the "unique and/or diverse needs of young children," they are
typically referring to the needs of:
A) all children, as individuals.
B) children from historically underrepresented groups.
C) children from families of varied socioeconomic status.
D) children with challenging conditions or disabilities.
Answer: A
17) The term "culturally deprived":
A) is used today to describe the relationship between culture and socioeconomic status.
B) reflects a trend towards including diverse samples in developmental research.
C) is a synonym of the modern phrase "cultural difference."
D) reflects the inaccurate idea that children who speak and behave differently from white,
middle-class children are atypical or developmentally delayed.
Answer: D
18) Which statement best describes the relationship between special needs and low
socioeconomic status?
A) Low socioeconomic status and special needs are essentially the same thing, for purposes of
diagnostic assessment.
B) Special needs and low socioeconomic status are separate, distinct concepts.
C) Special needs usually cause low socioeconomic status.
D) Low socioeconomic status usually causes special needs.
Answer: B
19) Which statement best describes the relationship between knowledge of child development
and the shaping of public policy?
A) Knowledge of the universals of child development is the only thing necessary to develop
effective public policy for children.
B) Knowledge of child development from a multicultural perspective is required to develop
effective public policy for children.
C) Knowledge of child development is helpful but not necessary to forging effective public
policy.
D) Knowledge of child development is necessary only in developing policy related to children
with disabilities and special needs.
Answer: B
20) As teachers and caregivers, we can become advocates for young children by:
A) informing legislators and other public officials about the needs of young children and their
families.
B) informing parents and community members about legislative concerns.
C) being aware of current legislation that will affect the quality of life for young children and
their families.
D) doing all the things presented in the options here.
Answer: D
4
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
VERIFIEDBRAINBOOSTER
