AQA A LEVEL CHEMISTRY PAPER 1
Acceleration (TOF)CORRECT ANSWER> positive ions accelerated using electric field so they all have the
same kinetic energy
Activation energyCORRECT ANSWER> the minimum energy colliding particles must have in order to
react
Adsorption too weakCORRECT ANSWER> Not many molecules adsorbed so catalyst has little effect
Analysis (TOF)CORRECT ANSWER> -computer uses data to produce mass spectrum which shows mass
m / charge z ratio
-mr or ar is furthest right peak (small peaks larger than mr are due to isotopes)
-may be large peaks at lower mr due to fragmentation
Atom economyCORRECT ANSWER> (Molecular mass of desired products/ Molecular mass of all
products) x 100
BidentateCORRECT ANSWER> Forms two coordinate bonds per ligand
Br- with H2SO4CORRECT ANSWER> Produces SO2
S goes from +6 to +4
Test for SO2 if potassium dichromate goes from orange to green
Bronstead-Lowry baseCORRECT ANSWER> proton acceptor
Bronsted-Lowry acidCORRECT ANSWER> proton donor
BufferCORRECT ANSWER> A solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are
added.
, Cl- with H2SO4CORRECT ANSWER> Produces NaHSO4 and HCl
Not redox as in change in oxidation state because Cl- not strong enough reducing agent
Test for HCl with ammonia solution, white cloud produced
ComplexCORRECT ANSWER> Central metal ion surrounded by ligands
Coordinate bondingCORRECT ANSWER> Shared pair of electrons in the covalent bond come from only
one of the bonding atoms
coordination numberCORRECT ANSWER> The number of coordinate bonds attached to the central
metal ion
Detection (TOF)CORRECT ANSWER> positive ions hit negatively charged plate and gain an electron
which forms a current, the larger the current the higher the abundance
Dip in ionisation energy groups 2-3CORRECT ANSWER> Electrons take up higher orbital (s to p) which
makes ionisation energy lower as higher orbitals have higher energy
Dip in ionisation energy groups 5-6CORRECT ANSWER> Electron- electron repulsion in orbital makes
electron easier to lose
dynamic equilibriumCORRECT ANSWER> Forward and backward reactions take place at same rate so
concentrations of products and reactants remain constant
Only reached in closed system
Effect of changing pressure on KpCORRECT ANSWER> No effect on Kp as partial pressures of top and
bottom change to keep Kp same
Effect of concentration on KcCORRECT ANSWER> no effect
Acceleration (TOF)CORRECT ANSWER> positive ions accelerated using electric field so they all have the
same kinetic energy
Activation energyCORRECT ANSWER> the minimum energy colliding particles must have in order to
react
Adsorption too weakCORRECT ANSWER> Not many molecules adsorbed so catalyst has little effect
Analysis (TOF)CORRECT ANSWER> -computer uses data to produce mass spectrum which shows mass
m / charge z ratio
-mr or ar is furthest right peak (small peaks larger than mr are due to isotopes)
-may be large peaks at lower mr due to fragmentation
Atom economyCORRECT ANSWER> (Molecular mass of desired products/ Molecular mass of all
products) x 100
BidentateCORRECT ANSWER> Forms two coordinate bonds per ligand
Br- with H2SO4CORRECT ANSWER> Produces SO2
S goes from +6 to +4
Test for SO2 if potassium dichromate goes from orange to green
Bronstead-Lowry baseCORRECT ANSWER> proton acceptor
Bronsted-Lowry acidCORRECT ANSWER> proton donor
BufferCORRECT ANSWER> A solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are
added.
, Cl- with H2SO4CORRECT ANSWER> Produces NaHSO4 and HCl
Not redox as in change in oxidation state because Cl- not strong enough reducing agent
Test for HCl with ammonia solution, white cloud produced
ComplexCORRECT ANSWER> Central metal ion surrounded by ligands
Coordinate bondingCORRECT ANSWER> Shared pair of electrons in the covalent bond come from only
one of the bonding atoms
coordination numberCORRECT ANSWER> The number of coordinate bonds attached to the central
metal ion
Detection (TOF)CORRECT ANSWER> positive ions hit negatively charged plate and gain an electron
which forms a current, the larger the current the higher the abundance
Dip in ionisation energy groups 2-3CORRECT ANSWER> Electrons take up higher orbital (s to p) which
makes ionisation energy lower as higher orbitals have higher energy
Dip in ionisation energy groups 5-6CORRECT ANSWER> Electron- electron repulsion in orbital makes
electron easier to lose
dynamic equilibriumCORRECT ANSWER> Forward and backward reactions take place at same rate so
concentrations of products and reactants remain constant
Only reached in closed system
Effect of changing pressure on KpCORRECT ANSWER> No effect on Kp as partial pressures of top and
bottom change to keep Kp same
Effect of concentration on KcCORRECT ANSWER> no effect
