BIOD 121 NUTRITION MODULE 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2025/26

BIOD 121 NUTRITION MODULE 2 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2025/26

protein digestion steps- 5 done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED!
1. cooking... denaturing proteins and makes the food easier to chew/swallow
2. pepsin (in stomach)... enzyme that further unravels (denatures protein)
3. cholecystokinin -CCK (small intestine) - travels to pancreas, releases trypsin back to
SI
4. trypsin - breaks peptide chains
5. amino acids absorbed through portal vein to liver
digestion done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED!
transforming food into basic nutrients that can be absorbed and used by the body
sensory stimuli before digestion- 5 done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED
cognition
sound
odor
appearance
taste
peristalsis- especially important in moving food...? done 1/2 DONE
2/2 REVIEWED!
Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food moving along in one direction
through the digestive system.
digestive enzymes- 2 done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED
catalyze the chemical reactions required to break down food particles into smaller parts

which prepares the nutrients for absorption
intestinal wall/inner most layer of GI tract is? done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED!
mucosa
circular and longitudinal muscles do what done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED!
mix and move food along the GI tract
passive diffusion- 2 - done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED
substances move without energy
high to low concentration
facilitated diffusion done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED!
special protein carrier is required to help substances cross in or out of the cell
high to low concentration
active transport done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED!
requires energy
low to high concentration
GI tract 6 main parts done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED!
1 - mouth
2 - esophagus
3 - stomach
4 - small intestine

, 5 - large intestine
6 - rectum
GI tract accessory organs- 4 done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED!
salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
mouth- 2 done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED!
alter food particles for swallowing
mechanical and chemical digestion
saliva is made of? done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED!
mucus plus digestive enzymes
mucus does what for food done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED!
lubricates food particles for swallowing
salivary amylase done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED!
Enzyme in saliva that breaks down starch
lingual lipase done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED
a fat-splitting enzyme secreted by cells at the base of the tongue
esophagus done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED
transports food to the stomach
epiglottis done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED!
a flap of cartilage that covers the trachea while swallowing
sphincter muscle (esophageal) done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED!
circular muscle at the end of esophagus, prevents backflow of food
stomach- role w/ food (3) done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED
4 cup capacity
holds food 2-4 hrs until ready to pass into the small intestine
store, mix, dissolve, and continue the digestion of food
gastric juice- 2 done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED
The acidic secretion of the stomach

prepares proteins for digestion and activates enzymes
pepsin done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED
An enzyme present in gastric juice that breaks down proteins
gastric lipase done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED!
enzyme to digest fat
chyme- 2 done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED!
Partially digested, semiliquid food mixed with digestive enzymes and acids in the
stomach

moves to small intestine over 1-4 hrs
gastrin- 3 done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED!
hormone secreted in the stomach

controls acidity, counteracted by mucus

produced when we think about eating and during ingestion
Intrinsic factor- 2 done 1/2 DONE 2/2 REVIEWED