Test Bank for COGNITION ; Exploring the Science of the Mind 7th Edition

, CHAPTER 1: The Science of the Mind
A A A A A A



LEARNINGAOBJECTIVES

1.1. DescribeAtheAscopeAandAgoalsAofAcognitiveApsychology.


1.2. UnderstandAtheAcaseAofAH.M.,AandAtheAmanyAwaysAthatAmemoryAinfluencesAourAlives.


1.3. DescribeAtheAlimitationsAofAintrospectionAasAaAmethodAforAscientificAinquiry.


1.4. CompareAandAcontrastAclassicalA(Watsonian)AbehaviorismAandAcognitiveApsychology.


1.5. Kant’sA“transcendentalAmethod”AisAsometimesA calledA“inferenceAtoAbestA explanation.”AExplainAthisAmethodAandAhowAitworks.


1.6. DescribeAtheArole,AinAtheAemergenceAofAcognitiveApsychology,AthatAwasAplayedAbyAcomputerAscienceAandAtheAdevelop-
mentAofA“computerAintelligence.”




MULTIPLEACHOICE

1. WhichAofAtheAfollowingAtopicsAisANOTAcommonlyAstudiedAwithinA cognitiveApsychology?
a. angerAmanagement c. memory
b. decisionAmaking d. Attention



ANS:A A DIF: Easy REF:
TheAScopeAofACognitiveAPsychologyAOBJ: 1.1 MSC:AUnderstanding

2. CognitiveAprocessesAareANOTAnecessaryAforA whichA dailyAactivity?
a. readingAaAnewspaper c. talkingAonAtheAphone
b. studyingAforAaAtest d. breathing



ANS:A D DIF: Easy REF:
TheAScopeAofACognitiveAPsycholog
y
OBJ: 1.1 MSC: Applying

3. AlyssaAwantsAtoAbeAaApsychologistAbutAisAunsureAwhichAtopicAwithinApsychologyAmostAinterestsAher.AWhichAo
fAtheAfollowingAtopicsAwouldAbeALEASTAlikelyAtoAleadAherAintoAcognitiveApsychology?
a. amnesia c. LymeAdisease
b. languageAacquisition d. problem-solvingAstrategies

,ANS:A C DIF: Easy REF:
TheAScopeAofACognitiveAPsychologyAOBJ: 1.1 MSC:AApplying

4. ConsiderAtheAsequenceA“BetsyAwantedAtoAbringAJacobAaApresent.ASheAshookAherApiggyAbank.”AMostApeople,Aaft
erAhearingAthisAsequence,AbelieveABetsyAwasAcheckingAherApiggyAbankAtoAseeAifAsheAhadAmoneyAtoAspendAonAtheAgift.AThisAinferen
ceAaboutABetsy’sAgoalsAdependsAonAtheAfactAthat
a. ourApreviousAknowledgeAfillsAinAbackgroundAinformationAwheneverAwe’reAunderstandingAanAev
entAorAconversation.
b. readersAareAlikelyAtoAknowAsomeoneAnamedAJacob.
c. English,AunlikeAotherAlanguages,ArequiresAspeakersAtoAmentionAallAofAtheApeopleAinvolvedAi
nAanAevent.

d. theAindividualAsentencesAareAshort.


ANS:A A DIF: Easy REF:
TheABroadARoleAforAMemoryAOBJ: 1.1 MSC:AUnderstanding

5. WhichAofAtheAfollowingAstatementsAisALEASTAlikelyAtoAapplyAtoApatientAH.M.?
a. “HeAcannotArememberAwhatAheAdidAearlierAtoday,AincludingAeventsAthatAtookAplaceAjustAanAhourAago.”
b. “HeAreadAthisAstoryAlastAmonth,AbutAheAwasAstillAsurprisedAbyAhowAtheAstoryAturnedAout.”
c. “EvenAthoughAheAhasAencounteredAtheAnurseAmanyAtimes,AheAisAstillAunableAtoArecognizeAher.”

d. “HeArememberedAthatAitAwasAonlyAaAweekAagoAthatAhe’dAheardAtheAsadAnewsAthatAhisAuncleAhadAdied.”


ANS:A D DIF: Moderate REF:
AmnesiaAandAMemoryALossAOBJ: 1.2 MSC:AApplying

6. ResearchAwithAH.M.AprovidesAanAillustrationA forAwhichAmajorAthemeAofAtheAchapter?
a. IntrospectionAisAanAimportantAresearchAtoolAforAcognitiveApsychologists.
b. CognitiveApsychologyAcanAhelpAusAunderstandAaAwideArangeAofAactivitiesAthatAdependAonAsomeo
ne’sAabilityAtoAremember.
c. MemoryAisAnotAveryAimportant.
d. TheAdisruptionAcausedAbyAbrainAdamageAdependsAonAhowAwidespreadAtheAdamageAis,AandAnotAon
AtheAspecificAsitesAthatAareAdamaged.




ANS:A A B DIF: Moderate REF:
TheAScopeAofACognitiveAPsycholog
y
OBJ: 1.2 MSC: Evaluating

7. PatientsAsufferingAfromAclinicalAamnesiaAareAcharacterizedAby
a. memoryAdysfunction. c. inarticulateAspeech.
b. anAinabilityAtoArecognizeApatterns d. impairedAlanguageAcomprehension.
.



ANS:A A DIF: Easy REF:
AmnesiaAandAMemoryALossAOBJ: 1.2 MSC:ARemembering

8. TheAtermA“introspection”ArefersAtoAthe
a. processAbyAwhichAoneAindividualAseeksAtoAinferAtheAthoughtsAofAanotherAindividual.

b. procedureAofAexaminingAthoughtAprocessingAbyAmonitoringAtheAbrain’sAelectricalAactivity.

, c. processAofAeachApersonAlookingAwithin,AtoAobserveAhisAorAherAownAthoughtsAandAideas.

d. techniqueAofAstudyingAthoughtAbyAinterpretingAtheAsymbolsAusedAinAcommunication.


ANS:A C DIF: Easy REF:
TheALimitsAofAIntrospectionAOBJ: 1.3 MSC:ARemembering

9. AAparticipantAisAaskedAtoAlookAwithinAhimselfAorAherselfAandAreportAonAhisAorAherAownAmentalAprocesses.AThisAmethod
isAcalled
a. logicalAinference. c. introspection.A
b. reconstruction. d.



ANS:A C DIF: Easy REF:
TheALimitsAofAIntrospectionAOBJ: 1.3 MSC:ARemembering

10. OfAtheAfollowing,AintrospectionAisALEASTAusefulA forAstudying
a. topicsAthatAareAstronglyAcoloredAbyAemotion.
b. mentalAeventsAthatAareAunconscious.
c. processesAthatAinvolveAconceptualAknowledge.

d. eventsAthatAtakeAaAlongAtimeAtoAunfold.


ANS:A B DIF: Moderate REF:
TheALimitsAofAIntrospectionAOBJ: 1.3 MSC:AUnderstanding

11. WhichAofAtheAfollowingAstatementsAaboutAintrospectionA isAFALSE?
a. ItAisAtheAonlyAwayAtoAobserveAconsciousAeventsAdirectly.
b. ItAisAsubjective.
c. ItAprovidesAstrongAevidenceAforAhypothesis-testing.

d. ItAwasAaAtechniqueAusedAhistoricallyAtoAstudyAcognition.


ANS:A C DIF: Moderate REF:
TheALimitsAofAIntrospectionAOBJ: 1.3 MSC:AUnderstanding

12. GenieAwondersAwhyAsheAcanAneverArememberAtheAnamesAofAnewAacquaintances.AInAsearchAofAanAanswer,AsheAexa
minesAandAreflectsAonAherAfeelingsAaboutAmeetingAnewApeople.AGenieAisAengagedAinAwhichAprocess?
a. practicalArehearsal c. learningAhistoryAanalysis
b. introspection d. goalAretrieval



ANS:A B DIF: Moderate REF:
TheALimitsAofAIntrospectionAOBJ: 1.3 MSC:AApplying

13. IntrospectionAwasAemployedAasAaAresearchAtoolAinAtheAlateA1800sAbecause
a. itAwasAregardedAasAtheAonlyAwayAtoAobserveAtheAmind’sAcontentsAdirectly.
b. itAprovidedA dataAfromAindividualsAwithoutAanyAspecializedAtraining.

c. consciousAeventsAareAjustAasAimportantAasAunconsciousAevents.