CCRP AACVPR EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
How |i |are |i |lipids |i |carried |i |- |i |on |i |lipoproteins |i |in |i |the |i |blood |i |because |i |they |i |are |i
|insoluble |i |in |i |water
Proteins |i |found |i |on |i |lipoproteins |i |- |i |apolipoproteins
Density |i |of |i |lipoprotein |i |with |i |less |i |lipid |i |and |i |greater |i |protein |i |- |i |more |i |dense
Density |i |of |i |lipoprotein |i |with |i |more |i |lipids |i |and |i |less |i |protein |i |- |i |less |i |dense
Major |i |bloodstream |i |lipoproteins |i |- |i |chylomicrons, |i |vLDL, |i |LDL, |i |HDL
Chylomicrons |i |- |i |least |i |dense |i |of |i |the |i |lipoproteins |i |and |i |are |i |triglyceride-rich |i
|particles |i |that |i |are |i |formed |i |in |i |the |i |intestine
Function |i |of |i |Chylomicrons |i |and |i |where |i |they |i |can |i |be |i |found |i |- |i |Transport |i |dietary |i
|fat |i |and |i |can |i |be |i |found |i |in |i |the |i |bloodstream |i |at |i |highest |i |concentration |i |soon |i |after |i
|a |i |meal
Least |i |to |i |most |i |dense |i |lipoprotein |i |particles |i |- |i |Chlyomicron, |i |vLDL, |i |LDL, |i |HDL
lipoprotein |i |that |i |is |i |the |i |most |i |atherogenic |i |of |i |all |i |lipoproteins |i |- |i |LDL
LDL |i |carries |i |- |i |60-70% |i |of |i |the |i |cholesterol |i |in |i |the |i |blood
,HDL |i |carries |i |- |i |20-30% |i |of |i |the |i |cholesterol |i |in |i |the |i |blood
Equation |i |for |i |total |i |LDL-C |i |in |i |bloodstream |i |- |i |LDL= |i |TC-(HDL-C-(TG/5))
When |i |does |i |calculating |i |LDL-C |i |become |i |inaccurate |i |- |i |when |i |TG |i |exceeds |i |400mg/dL
Desirable |i |total |i |cholesterol |i |level |i |- |i |<200
Borderline |i |high |i |total |i |cholesterol |i |level |i |- |i |200-240
High |i |total |i |cholesterol |i |level |i |- |i |>240
Optimal |i |TG |i |level |i |- |i |<150
Borderline |i |high |i |TG |i |level |i |- |i |150-199
High |i |TG |i |level |i |- |i |200-499
Very |i |high |i |TG |i |levels |i |- |i |>500
Optimal |i |in |i |men |i |HDL |i |levels |i |- |i |>40
Optimal |i |in |i |women |i |HDL |i |levels |i |- |i |>50
Optimal |i |LDL-C |i |levels |i |- |i |<100
Near |i |optimal |i |LDL-C |i |levels |i |- |i |100-129
Borderline |i |high |i |LDL-C |i |levels |i |- |i |130-159
,High |i |LDL-C |i |levels |i |- |i |160-189
Very |i |high |i |LDL-C |i |levels |i |- |i |>190
Hypertriglycerdemia |i |is |i |associated |i |with |i |high |i |levels |i |of |i |- |i |VLDL-C
Non-HDL-Cholesterol |i |calculation |i |- |i |HDL-C |i |- |i |Total |i |cholesterol
Atherogenic |i |dyslipidemia |i |- |i |Elevated |i |levels |i |of |i |TG, |i |low |i |HDL-C |i |and |i |only |i |modest
|i |elevations |i |of |i |LDL-C
Metabolic |i |syndrome |i |- |i |requires |i |the |i |presence |i |of |i |any |i |3 |i |of |i |the |i |following |i
|conditions: |i |abdominal |i |obesity, |i |elevated |i |TG, |i |low |i |HDL, |i |elevated |i |BP |i |and |i
|hyperglycemia
Criteria |i |for |i |metabolic |i |syndrome: |i |Abdominal |i |obesity |i |- |i |WC |i |>102 |i |cm |i |(40 |i |in) |i
|for |i |men |i |WC |i |>88cm |i |(35 |i |in) |i |for |i |women
Criteria |i |for |i |metabolic |i |syndrome: |i |Hypertriglyceremia |i |- |i |≥150 |i |or |i |drug |i |treatment
Criteria |i |for |i |metabolic |i |syndrome: |i |Low |i |HDL |i |- |i |<40 |i |for |i |men
<50 |i |for |i |women
Criteria |i |for |i |metabolic |i |syndrome: |i |Elevated |i |BP |i |- |i |SBP |i |≥130 |i |DBP |i |≥85
or |i |drug |i |treatment
Criteria |i |for |i |metabolic |i |syndrome: |i |Hyperglycemia |i |- |i |Fasting |i |glucose |i |≥100 |i |or |i |drug
|i |treatment
, AACVPR |i |understanding |i |of |i |atherosclerosis |i |- |i |Traditional |i |risk |i |factors |i |are |i |a |i
|source |i |of |i |inflammatory |i |changes |i |in |i |the |i |blood |i |vessel |i |wall |i |--> |i |which |i |attract |i
|lipid |i |laden |i |macrophages |i |and |i |other |i |inflammatory |i |cells |i |to |i |enter |i |the |i |blood |i
|vessel |i |wall |i |--> |i |where |i |they |i |proliferate |i |and |i |develop |i |atherosclerotic |i |plaques |i |--> |i
|which |i |are |i |the |i |source |i |of |i |the |i |clinical |i |manifestations |i |of |i |CHD
Fatty |i |streaks |i |- |i |lipid |i |deposition |i |(daily |i |lipid |i |laden |i |macrophages) |i |in |i |the |i |arterial
|i |wall
Lumen |i |- |i |opening |i |inside |i |of |i |the |i |blood |i |vessel
fibrous |i |plaque |i |- |i |Larger |i |and |i |more |i |obstructive |i |lesoions |i |consisting |i |of |i |an |i |outer |i
|fibrous
Why |i |do |i |plaque |i |ruptures |i |occurs |i |prior |i |to |i |the |i |development |i |of |i |cardiovascular |i
|symptoms |i |in |i |many |i |cases |i |- |i |Atherosclerotic |i |plaques |i |that |i |are |i |prone |i |to |i |rupture |i
|tend |i |to |i |be |i |younger, |i |more |i |immature |i |plaques |i |that |i |usually |i |do |i |not |i |produce |i |the
|i |degree |i |of |i |luminal |i |narrowing |i |required |i |to |i |develop |i |exertion |i |symptoms
What |i |occurs |i |after |i |a |i |plaque |i |rupture |i |- |i |Clot |i |formation |i |within |i |the |i |lumen |i |of |i |the
|i |coronary |i |artery, |i |potential |i |resulting |i |in |i |an |i |acute |i |coronary |i |syndrome |i |from |i |the |i
|sudden |i |development |i |of |i |severe |i |obstruction |i |to |i |coronary |i |blood |i |flow
Examples |i |of |i |foods |i |high |i |in |i |dietary |i |cholesterol |i |- |i |Animal |i |products |i |( |i |meat, |i
|poultry, |i |fish, |i |eggs, |i |butter, |i |cheese, |i |whole |i |and |i |2% |i |milk)
Examples |i |of |i |foods |i |high |i |in |i |saturated |i |fatty |i |acids |i |- |i |high |i |fat |i |meats |i |(beef, |i |lamb,
|i |pork, |i |poultry |i |with |i |skin, |i |beef |i |fat, |i |lard), |i |dairy |i |products, |i |tropical |i |oils |i |( |i |palm |i
|oil, |i |palm |i |kernel |i |oil, |i |coconut |i |oil)
Examples |i |of |i |foods |i |high |i |in |i |trans |i |fatty |i |acids |i |- |i |fried |i |foods, |i |baked |i |goods, |i |stick |i
|margarines, |i |shortenings
ANSWERS
How |i |are |i |lipids |i |carried |i |- |i |on |i |lipoproteins |i |in |i |the |i |blood |i |because |i |they |i |are |i
|insoluble |i |in |i |water
Proteins |i |found |i |on |i |lipoproteins |i |- |i |apolipoproteins
Density |i |of |i |lipoprotein |i |with |i |less |i |lipid |i |and |i |greater |i |protein |i |- |i |more |i |dense
Density |i |of |i |lipoprotein |i |with |i |more |i |lipids |i |and |i |less |i |protein |i |- |i |less |i |dense
Major |i |bloodstream |i |lipoproteins |i |- |i |chylomicrons, |i |vLDL, |i |LDL, |i |HDL
Chylomicrons |i |- |i |least |i |dense |i |of |i |the |i |lipoproteins |i |and |i |are |i |triglyceride-rich |i
|particles |i |that |i |are |i |formed |i |in |i |the |i |intestine
Function |i |of |i |Chylomicrons |i |and |i |where |i |they |i |can |i |be |i |found |i |- |i |Transport |i |dietary |i
|fat |i |and |i |can |i |be |i |found |i |in |i |the |i |bloodstream |i |at |i |highest |i |concentration |i |soon |i |after |i
|a |i |meal
Least |i |to |i |most |i |dense |i |lipoprotein |i |particles |i |- |i |Chlyomicron, |i |vLDL, |i |LDL, |i |HDL
lipoprotein |i |that |i |is |i |the |i |most |i |atherogenic |i |of |i |all |i |lipoproteins |i |- |i |LDL
LDL |i |carries |i |- |i |60-70% |i |of |i |the |i |cholesterol |i |in |i |the |i |blood
,HDL |i |carries |i |- |i |20-30% |i |of |i |the |i |cholesterol |i |in |i |the |i |blood
Equation |i |for |i |total |i |LDL-C |i |in |i |bloodstream |i |- |i |LDL= |i |TC-(HDL-C-(TG/5))
When |i |does |i |calculating |i |LDL-C |i |become |i |inaccurate |i |- |i |when |i |TG |i |exceeds |i |400mg/dL
Desirable |i |total |i |cholesterol |i |level |i |- |i |<200
Borderline |i |high |i |total |i |cholesterol |i |level |i |- |i |200-240
High |i |total |i |cholesterol |i |level |i |- |i |>240
Optimal |i |TG |i |level |i |- |i |<150
Borderline |i |high |i |TG |i |level |i |- |i |150-199
High |i |TG |i |level |i |- |i |200-499
Very |i |high |i |TG |i |levels |i |- |i |>500
Optimal |i |in |i |men |i |HDL |i |levels |i |- |i |>40
Optimal |i |in |i |women |i |HDL |i |levels |i |- |i |>50
Optimal |i |LDL-C |i |levels |i |- |i |<100
Near |i |optimal |i |LDL-C |i |levels |i |- |i |100-129
Borderline |i |high |i |LDL-C |i |levels |i |- |i |130-159
,High |i |LDL-C |i |levels |i |- |i |160-189
Very |i |high |i |LDL-C |i |levels |i |- |i |>190
Hypertriglycerdemia |i |is |i |associated |i |with |i |high |i |levels |i |of |i |- |i |VLDL-C
Non-HDL-Cholesterol |i |calculation |i |- |i |HDL-C |i |- |i |Total |i |cholesterol
Atherogenic |i |dyslipidemia |i |- |i |Elevated |i |levels |i |of |i |TG, |i |low |i |HDL-C |i |and |i |only |i |modest
|i |elevations |i |of |i |LDL-C
Metabolic |i |syndrome |i |- |i |requires |i |the |i |presence |i |of |i |any |i |3 |i |of |i |the |i |following |i
|conditions: |i |abdominal |i |obesity, |i |elevated |i |TG, |i |low |i |HDL, |i |elevated |i |BP |i |and |i
|hyperglycemia
Criteria |i |for |i |metabolic |i |syndrome: |i |Abdominal |i |obesity |i |- |i |WC |i |>102 |i |cm |i |(40 |i |in) |i
|for |i |men |i |WC |i |>88cm |i |(35 |i |in) |i |for |i |women
Criteria |i |for |i |metabolic |i |syndrome: |i |Hypertriglyceremia |i |- |i |≥150 |i |or |i |drug |i |treatment
Criteria |i |for |i |metabolic |i |syndrome: |i |Low |i |HDL |i |- |i |<40 |i |for |i |men
<50 |i |for |i |women
Criteria |i |for |i |metabolic |i |syndrome: |i |Elevated |i |BP |i |- |i |SBP |i |≥130 |i |DBP |i |≥85
or |i |drug |i |treatment
Criteria |i |for |i |metabolic |i |syndrome: |i |Hyperglycemia |i |- |i |Fasting |i |glucose |i |≥100 |i |or |i |drug
|i |treatment
, AACVPR |i |understanding |i |of |i |atherosclerosis |i |- |i |Traditional |i |risk |i |factors |i |are |i |a |i
|source |i |of |i |inflammatory |i |changes |i |in |i |the |i |blood |i |vessel |i |wall |i |--> |i |which |i |attract |i
|lipid |i |laden |i |macrophages |i |and |i |other |i |inflammatory |i |cells |i |to |i |enter |i |the |i |blood |i
|vessel |i |wall |i |--> |i |where |i |they |i |proliferate |i |and |i |develop |i |atherosclerotic |i |plaques |i |--> |i
|which |i |are |i |the |i |source |i |of |i |the |i |clinical |i |manifestations |i |of |i |CHD
Fatty |i |streaks |i |- |i |lipid |i |deposition |i |(daily |i |lipid |i |laden |i |macrophages) |i |in |i |the |i |arterial
|i |wall
Lumen |i |- |i |opening |i |inside |i |of |i |the |i |blood |i |vessel
fibrous |i |plaque |i |- |i |Larger |i |and |i |more |i |obstructive |i |lesoions |i |consisting |i |of |i |an |i |outer |i
|fibrous
Why |i |do |i |plaque |i |ruptures |i |occurs |i |prior |i |to |i |the |i |development |i |of |i |cardiovascular |i
|symptoms |i |in |i |many |i |cases |i |- |i |Atherosclerotic |i |plaques |i |that |i |are |i |prone |i |to |i |rupture |i
|tend |i |to |i |be |i |younger, |i |more |i |immature |i |plaques |i |that |i |usually |i |do |i |not |i |produce |i |the
|i |degree |i |of |i |luminal |i |narrowing |i |required |i |to |i |develop |i |exertion |i |symptoms
What |i |occurs |i |after |i |a |i |plaque |i |rupture |i |- |i |Clot |i |formation |i |within |i |the |i |lumen |i |of |i |the
|i |coronary |i |artery, |i |potential |i |resulting |i |in |i |an |i |acute |i |coronary |i |syndrome |i |from |i |the |i
|sudden |i |development |i |of |i |severe |i |obstruction |i |to |i |coronary |i |blood |i |flow
Examples |i |of |i |foods |i |high |i |in |i |dietary |i |cholesterol |i |- |i |Animal |i |products |i |( |i |meat, |i
|poultry, |i |fish, |i |eggs, |i |butter, |i |cheese, |i |whole |i |and |i |2% |i |milk)
Examples |i |of |i |foods |i |high |i |in |i |saturated |i |fatty |i |acids |i |- |i |high |i |fat |i |meats |i |(beef, |i |lamb,
|i |pork, |i |poultry |i |with |i |skin, |i |beef |i |fat, |i |lard), |i |dairy |i |products, |i |tropical |i |oils |i |( |i |palm |i
|oil, |i |palm |i |kernel |i |oil, |i |coconut |i |oil)
Examples |i |of |i |foods |i |high |i |in |i |trans |i |fatty |i |acids |i |- |i |fried |i |foods, |i |baked |i |goods, |i |stick |i
|margarines, |i |shortenings
