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Get your hands on comprehensive ALEVEL design and technology product design notes, crafted by an ALEVEL student who achieved a solid B in 2024 exam series. DT has a sacred amount of online resources , these notes help to fill in that gap providing clear, concise and exam focused content. perfect for students aiming to improve their grades for end of topic test and even ALEVEL exams.

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July 11, 2025
Number of pages
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Written in
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unit 1 : Papers and boards

preformance and charecristics of
Paper auf boards
's
properties




I I I I
paper Properties 3 uses

lay out Paper light-weight, this cheap , smooth - graphic Drawings I


animations
-
surface


Bleed Proof Paper contains more chall ,
smooth, hard , besn't creating special effects
absorb ink I doesn't bleef forResignersovartists




tracing Paper Goof transparency , expensive for seeing image
underneath



Cartridge Heavier weight, good quality , opaque writing auf
-
Paper Sketching


sproperties




I I I I
Board properties uses

corrugated strong , lightweight packaging , protection
card board in transportation.



Duplex to ar cheaper than white board, available with food packaging
siffrent finishes



form love boar strong ,
lightweight , paper face , team cre model making S


mounting photographs.
-




foil-lined expensive, goo quality , aluminium foil lining, pre-packaged foo
Jars excellent barrier against moisture Packay cosmetic cartons
,

-

, Both Paper and boards' remade from cellulose tidres cierived from -
:




↳ titles from waste sugar came that has dat freetnice extracted forsugas
↳ shressed care "Jagasse"



-lulose
sources,-

· Cotton

· hemp · Gamboo
Straw
· · woof

↳ best cellulose files sorpaper comes from wood due to the quality of the fishes

length and strength.

be g .
. Lecicous and Coniferous trees


What goes into making paper
-
:




·
it's made tren rebarked , chippes wood or o furcellulge fithes and :

-



* acetic acid and/or other chemicals to break down the linguin that songs He

cellulose fishes .




↳ fillers like day and calcium carsonate are often allef
.
↳ brightning agents such as bleach
↳ its of water

water free Pulp
·
solutions heated to 240 which produces a titions liquid , known as Pulp
↳ Dyes and sizes cause alled toth pulp depending on the resives final appearance

* it takes minimum of soom) of water to make one Ancheet of 80gsmPair
↳ really all of th water is filitres and reused .

6 After the cealing process th remaining linginfres titles 've called "was free"Pup.


Paper qualities
·
whiteness ·
Absorbency
of PaCity · finish

· strength Cost
·

, paper
-natingingredients that can be changes are in

· the source the cellulose fishes
of



·
the fillers that smooth out the finish of th Paper
· the siting agents that increas absorbency
·
the calendaring process through diffrent rollers to create a specific thismisor finish
·
absitional finishes like UV varnish or texturing
sizing resuces absorbency
-
-
sizing agents' ve chemicals alled to the Pulp or sprayed and rolled to th base of paper

- Internal Sizing : - assed to the Pulp and affects Paper quality and papers'ability to run

smarthly though machines.

-
surface sizing : -
alled to improve strength , reduce absorbency ans improve printability.

- coated finishes
-
application of surface sizing" te mainreference betweenbated or uncoate stock
- Gates /aper reduces ink absorption which results in frighter , richer and sharpes
images with seeper stalks .
-
Thy main finighs ! -




↳ Clay increases the smoothness

1 Polyethylene (PE) increases gloss and wet strength


uncoated finishes
-
not treates with any sealant .




↳ allows greater and faster absorptio of water srink
↳ when printing in1 applies it
goes Jeeper into paper ratur than Lying on Surface .




↳ the slours appears cul and Paper is weak fun Caterpaper

↳ it can be given will range of textures finishes.
an finishes
board d
· wise range of finishes reavailate such as : -




Matte:
· is smooth,full and got ser nigh quality print job .
· satili- ber reflective levels thangles paper , but mee matt

, · Gloss ! -
Shiny , higher quality
lates paper

Textures :
· - creates with felt roller covered in woven wire

-
felt , wore and relum increasingly smoth textures whereas column,
're

Linen and laid havelines at different sepths and positions -
-renAnfactors
repension four factors
:
· tear resistant -



· lands between Cellulose tiles.
↳ strength of cellulose files .




blength of enclose fibres.

to quantity of fibres uses
; more used bes strength
- Tear resistant testing ! -


-

-
the el mentory tear test is most wisely used for Paper and tracs.

* it calculates how much sorfe 's used to continue alear in a sampl

E samples 're partially cut any dambes in position

↳ pendulum tears the sample are continues to a resting point wish's on a scall eledert's units

ac t
resistance
· main was Paper 8 babs'resaged : -




Packaging being Jamages during transportation and use


↳ insentation through uses of implent on th surface such as pens and pencils.


-
fit for purpose
-
- paler qualities're considered by !




↳ Paper's weight
↳ longevity
↳ impact strength
↳ waste and cost essiciency
cutting
i
-comercially , Paper and barls can decut , scored , perforates any creases in


one action aie cutter .
with l
·
large quantities of identical shapes can be prences quickly.
·
die mase by CAD Drawing and -
nets forpacking and stations are mase this . way




layer cut plymed
£10.56
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