NURS 752 Exam 3 (Final) questions with answers

NURS 752 Exam 3 (Final) questions with
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answers

Big 3 Category- Top Misdiagnosis - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔stroke, sepsis, lung cancer \| \| \|




#1 cause of malpractice - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Misdiagnosis
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What helps form hypotheses and create your diagnostic
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reasoning? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Epidemiology
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Clinical diagnosis requires - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔info from pt
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(subjective) 75% \|




use that info with ur knowledge of understanding disease + PE is
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15%


Likelihood Ratios - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Weights that help you
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understand how much a physical sign argues for or against a
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diagnosis


Possible weights of 0 to infinity
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>1 means increased probability of disease
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,<1 means decreased probability of disease
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Specificity - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Proportion of patients
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without the diagnosis who have the physical sign (e.g., positive
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finding)


ex: me for celiac disease
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Sensitivity - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Proportion of patients
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without the diagnosis who lack the physical sign (i.e., have a
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negative result) \|




Likelihood Ratio Definition - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔probability
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of finding in pts with disease / probability of same finding in pts
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without disease \|




2 approaches to clinical decision-making Metacognition (thinking
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about thinking) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Intuitive vs Analytical
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Experts vs. Novices - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔experts gather less
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data, but better data, organize better = shorter time to make
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accurate diagnosis \|




what makes a good clinical diagnostician? asking right questions
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,Article: Diagnostic Excellence and Patient Safety - Strategies and
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Opportunities - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔PC- cancer screening \| \| \| \| \| \| \|


(colonoscopy 10 years, FOBT 2 years = survival rate up) \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|




ED- sepsis (more deaths than some cancers) good
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improvements but more needed \| \| \|




Inpatient- PE (over tested but under diagnosed) better with
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clinical decision tools and plasma d-dimer measurement
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Article: Big 3 diagnostic errors and serious misdiagnoses related
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harms are - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔· 5 vascular events: stroke,
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MI, venous thromboembolism, aortic aneurysm/dissection,
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arterial thromboembolism \|




· 5 infections: sepsis, meningitis/encephalitis, spinal abscess,
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pneumonia, endocarditis \|




· 5 cancers- lung, breast, colorectal, prostate, melanoma
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Video: Catherine Lucey- Good clinical diagnosticians: - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔o Efficiently obtain enough information from
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patient to make initial differential diagnosis
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o Search memory/resources to identify possible causes of
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patient's symptoms \|




o Prioritize the likelihood that a possible disease explains
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patient's concerns \|




o Use tests (carefully) to evaluate their assessments have to be
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careful and know and get correct proper information because
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some tests are harmful, expensive, wasteful, timely
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, o Always continue to analyze the success of their diagnoses to
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improve accuracy going forward
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Video: Catherine Lucey- experts: - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔reorganize their knowledge in a relational way- S&S to \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|


syndromes to disease \| \|




ACL Article: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔common knee injury in
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athletes


clinical diagnostic tests and MRI are 2 methods of evaluating
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ACL injuries
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evidence supports clinical diagnostic tests, faster, sooner,
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cheaper too \|




gold standard: diagnostic arthroscopy
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Screening tests - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔to detect
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asymptomatic and early stage disease \| \| \| \|




should be highly sen/spec to pick up most cases of true disease
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and avoid false positives
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targeted toward pop with higher disease prevalence (high
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positive predictive value)\| \|