1 - 1 States of matter
● ***Diffusion (chemistry definition): spreading of particles from high concentration to
low concentration
● E.g.: NH3 (g) + HCl (g) → NH4Cl (s)
White ring (product) forms closer to HCl end
Reason: NH3 is “lighter” than HCl (i.e.: has smaller RFM than HCl), diffuse
faster to other end (HCl end)
Solubility
● ***Solubility (g/x g) = mass of solute/mass of solvent (x)
● Temperature ↓, solubility ↓, remaining solute crystallizes
● ***Solvent: liquid in which solute is dissolved
● ***Solute: substance dissolved in solvent
● ***Solution: liquid formed from mixing solute + solvent
○ ***Saturated solution: solution containing as much dissolved solute as
possible at a particular temperature (i.e.: the solution cannot further
dissolve anymore solute; when temperature of solution ↓, more and
more undissolved solute present, as crystals [crystallization])
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● ***Diffusion (chemistry definition): spreading of particles from high concentration to
low concentration
● E.g.: NH3 (g) + HCl (g) → NH4Cl (s)
White ring (product) forms closer to HCl end
Reason: NH3 is “lighter” than HCl (i.e.: has smaller RFM than HCl), diffuse
faster to other end (HCl end)
Solubility
● ***Solubility (g/x g) = mass of solute/mass of solvent (x)
● Temperature ↓, solubility ↓, remaining solute crystallizes
● ***Solvent: liquid in which solute is dissolved
● ***Solute: substance dissolved in solvent
● ***Solution: liquid formed from mixing solute + solvent
○ ***Saturated solution: solution containing as much dissolved solute as
possible at a particular temperature (i.e.: the solution cannot further
dissolve anymore solute; when temperature of solution ↓, more and
more undissolved solute present, as crystals [crystallization])
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