NURS 546 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS STUDY GUIDE WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED !!2025
UPDATED
Q1: What is the primary mechanism of action for beta-blockers?
• a) Increase heart rate
• b) Block adrenergic receptors to decrease heart rate and blood pressure
• c) Promote vasodilation by blocking calcium channels
• d) Increase myocardial contractility
A1: b) Block adrenergic receptors to decrease heart rate and blood pressure
Explanation: Beta-blockers block the beta-adrenergic receptors (specifically beta-
1 receptors) in the heart, leading to a reduction in heart rate and blood pressure.
Q2: Which of the following medications is classified as a calcium channel blocker?
• a) Atenolol
• b) Diltiazem
• c) Losartan
• d) Metoprolol
A2: b) Diltiazem
Explanation: Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension
and certain arrhythmias by preventing calcium from entering cardiac and smooth
muscle cells, leading to vasodilation and a decrease in heart rate.
Q3: What is the primary purpose of ACE inhibitors (Angiotensin-Converting
Enzyme inhibitors)?
• a) To block aldosterone production
• b) To decrease the production of angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation
• c) To inhibit platelet aggregation
• d) To stimulate the release of norepinephrine
,NURS 546 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS STUDY GUIDE WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED !!2025
UPDATED
A3: b) To decrease the production of angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation
Explanation: ACE inhibitors block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II,
a potent vasoconstrictor, thereby leading to vasodilation, reduced blood pressure,
and reduced strain on the heart.
Q4: Which of the following drugs is commonly used to treat chronic heart failure
by inhibiting the Na+/K+-ATPase pump?
• a) Furosemide
• b) Digoxin
• c) Hydrochlorothiazide
• d) Spironolactone
A4: b) Digoxin
Explanation: Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside that inhibits the Na+/K+-ATPase pump,
leading to an increase in intracellular calcium and stronger heart contractions,
which helps treat heart failure and certain arrhythmias.
Q5: Which of the following is a major side effect of corticosteroids when used for
prolonged periods?
• a) Weight loss
• b) Hyperglycemia
• c) Hypokalemia
• d) Hypotension
A5: b) Hyperglycemia
Explanation: Prolonged use of corticosteroids can increase blood glucose levels,
potentially leading to hyperglycemia and an increased risk for diabetes.
, NURS 546 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS STUDY GUIDE WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED !!2025
UPDATED
Q6: What is the primary pharmacologic effect of diuretics in the treatment of
hypertension?
• a) Increase fluid retention
• b) Decrease sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing blood
volume
• c) Block angiotensin II receptors
• d) Promote the release of norepinephrine
A6: b) Decrease sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing blood
volume
Explanation: Diuretics help lower blood pressure by increasing urine production,
which reduces fluid volume and sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, thus
decreasing blood volume and lowering blood pressure.
Q7: Which of the following medications is considered a first-line treatment for
type 2 diabetes?
• a) Metformin
• b) Insulin
• c) Glucagon
• d) Sitagliptin
A7: a) Metformin
Explanation: Metformin is a first-line drug for managing type 2 diabetes. It works
by decreasing hepatic glucose production and increasing insulin sensitivity in
peripheral tissues.
CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED !!2025
UPDATED
Q1: What is the primary mechanism of action for beta-blockers?
• a) Increase heart rate
• b) Block adrenergic receptors to decrease heart rate and blood pressure
• c) Promote vasodilation by blocking calcium channels
• d) Increase myocardial contractility
A1: b) Block adrenergic receptors to decrease heart rate and blood pressure
Explanation: Beta-blockers block the beta-adrenergic receptors (specifically beta-
1 receptors) in the heart, leading to a reduction in heart rate and blood pressure.
Q2: Which of the following medications is classified as a calcium channel blocker?
• a) Atenolol
• b) Diltiazem
• c) Losartan
• d) Metoprolol
A2: b) Diltiazem
Explanation: Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension
and certain arrhythmias by preventing calcium from entering cardiac and smooth
muscle cells, leading to vasodilation and a decrease in heart rate.
Q3: What is the primary purpose of ACE inhibitors (Angiotensin-Converting
Enzyme inhibitors)?
• a) To block aldosterone production
• b) To decrease the production of angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation
• c) To inhibit platelet aggregation
• d) To stimulate the release of norepinephrine
,NURS 546 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS STUDY GUIDE WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED !!2025
UPDATED
A3: b) To decrease the production of angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation
Explanation: ACE inhibitors block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II,
a potent vasoconstrictor, thereby leading to vasodilation, reduced blood pressure,
and reduced strain on the heart.
Q4: Which of the following drugs is commonly used to treat chronic heart failure
by inhibiting the Na+/K+-ATPase pump?
• a) Furosemide
• b) Digoxin
• c) Hydrochlorothiazide
• d) Spironolactone
A4: b) Digoxin
Explanation: Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside that inhibits the Na+/K+-ATPase pump,
leading to an increase in intracellular calcium and stronger heart contractions,
which helps treat heart failure and certain arrhythmias.
Q5: Which of the following is a major side effect of corticosteroids when used for
prolonged periods?
• a) Weight loss
• b) Hyperglycemia
• c) Hypokalemia
• d) Hypotension
A5: b) Hyperglycemia
Explanation: Prolonged use of corticosteroids can increase blood glucose levels,
potentially leading to hyperglycemia and an increased risk for diabetes.
, NURS 546 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS STUDY GUIDE WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED !!2025
UPDATED
Q6: What is the primary pharmacologic effect of diuretics in the treatment of
hypertension?
• a) Increase fluid retention
• b) Decrease sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing blood
volume
• c) Block angiotensin II receptors
• d) Promote the release of norepinephrine
A6: b) Decrease sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing blood
volume
Explanation: Diuretics help lower blood pressure by increasing urine production,
which reduces fluid volume and sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, thus
decreasing blood volume and lowering blood pressure.
Q7: Which of the following medications is considered a first-line treatment for
type 2 diabetes?
• a) Metformin
• b) Insulin
• c) Glucagon
• d) Sitagliptin
A7: a) Metformin
Explanation: Metformin is a first-line drug for managing type 2 diabetes. It works
by decreasing hepatic glucose production and increasing insulin sensitivity in
peripheral tissues.
