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Probability – High School Maths Summary (UK Curriculum) – Key Rules, Formulas & Venn Diagra

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This document summarizes essential probability concepts, including definitions, basic probability formulas, and laws such as addition, multiplication, and conditional probability. It explains mutually exclusive and independent events, the use of Venn diagrams, and how to calculate probabilities based on given outcomes. Suitable for GCSE and A-Level students, this concise reference is ideal for exam revision or quick concept review.

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ChhProbability

Whenoneobjectisrandomlyselectedfromnobjects Pselectinganyparticularobj In
P event Nooffavourableequally
likelyoutcomes
Totalno ofequallylikelyoutcomes

In anexhaustiveeventsumofprobabilitiesisibÉaseoÉofthemiscertain tooccur

ofanexperiment Trial
Repeat

Mutuallyexclusive Havenocommonfavourableoutcomessoitsnotpossibleforbotheventstooccur PAAndB 0

Additionlawfor2 mutuallyexclusiveevents P AorB P A P B P AUB PA P B
vennagrams

ofoutcomesfavourable toeventA
Number nA 00 00
AUBAaB AMB AandB
SetofoutcomesnotfavourabletoeventA A

Forany2events AandB P AorB P AUB PA PB P AMB

eventsEither
Independent occurwithoutbeing
can

other
affected occurrenceof
by t.no
Multiplicationlawfarindependent
events

PAAndB PANB PAJXPB
Conditionalprobability Probabilitythatisdependenton aboutaneventatom
someadditionalinformationgiven

AMutuallydependentevents NeitherIanoccurwithoutbeingaffectedbytheoccurrenceoftheother
P BIA P P AIB AMB BNA
p p
P AandB PA XPBIA
As itsconditionalthenfindtotalprobabilitythen probabilityofcondition
If

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Publisher: 2018 ISBN: 9781108407304 Edition: Unknown

Document information

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2024/2025
Type
Summary
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