NUR 130 EXAM 2 Questions With
Answer.
Normal pH - ANSWER- 7.35-7.45
Normal PaCO2 - ANSWER- 34-45
Normal PaO2 - ANSWER- 80-100
Normal HCO3 - ANSWER- 22-26
Normal SaO2 - ANSWER- 95-100
Aspiration Pneumonia caused by - ANSWER- entry of substances into lower airway
- bacteria
-gastric contents
-chemicals
-gases
Aspiration Pneumonia causes - ANSWER- inflammatory changes and lead to bacterial
infiltration and pneumonia
Aspiration affects ______ & _____ - ANSWER- ventilation; diffusion
Inflammatory reaction in the ____ - ANSWER- alveoli
Interferes with __ & __ diffusion - ANSWER- oxygen , CO2
Areas of the lungs don't have adequate ventilation r/t - ANSWER- secretions, mucosal
edema, causes partial occlusion of bronchi or alveoli, decrease in alveolar O2 tension
Substantial portion of one or more lobes = - ANSWER- lobar pnemonia
Patchy distribution = - ANSWER- bronchopneumonia
Signs and symptoms of Aspiration Pneumonia vary depending on: - ANSWER- causal
organism, type, underlying disease
Streptococcal Pneumonia Manifestations - ANSWER- sudden onset, chills, high fever,
pleuritic chest pain, tachypnea, respiratory distress, tachycardia
Pulse-temp deficit = - ANSWER- viral, mycoplasma, legionella
, Severe Pneumonia Manifestations - ANSWER- flushed face, central cyanosis
Other S/S - ANSWER- orthopnea, poor appetite, rusty blood tinged sputum
Indication of pneumonia in patient with COPD - ANSWER- purulent sputum or changes
in respiratory pattern
Diagnostics of Aspiration Pneumonia - ANSWER- Chest x-ray, sputum culture, blood
culture, bronchoscopy
Complications of Aspiration Pneumonia - ANSWER- shock/respiratory failure, cardiac
dysrhythmias, pericarditis, myocarditis
Aspiration occurs when: - ANSWER- protective mechanisms fail to prevent gastric
contents from entering airways
Silent aspiration can occur: - ANSWER- from a poor swallow function or from a tube
feeding
Primary goal of aspiration is - ANSWER- Prevention
Tube feed aspiration prevention: - ANSWER- check placement, visual inspection,
patient in upright position, feeding given only when placement is verified
Hypertrophy of smooth muscle can lead to - ANSWER- pulmonary hypertension
Increased CO2 tension in the arterial blood leads to: - ANSWER- Respiratory Acidosis
Signs of Heart Failure - ANSWER- congestion, dependent edema, JVD, pain in the area
of the liver
Panlobular - ANSWER- all air space within the lobule are enlarged
Centrilobular - ANSWER- changes occur mainly in secondary lobule
Clinical Manifestations of emphysema - ANSWER- chronic cough, sputum production,
dyspnea on exertion
Assessment of COPD - ANSWER- PFT, Spirometery, ABG, Chest Xray
Stage I COPD - ANSWER- mild. May or may not exhibit cough, sputum production
Stage II COPD - ANSWER- moderate. SOB on exertion
Stage III COPD - ANSWER- severe. increased SOB, reduced exercise tolerance,
repeated exacerbations
Answer.
Normal pH - ANSWER- 7.35-7.45
Normal PaCO2 - ANSWER- 34-45
Normal PaO2 - ANSWER- 80-100
Normal HCO3 - ANSWER- 22-26
Normal SaO2 - ANSWER- 95-100
Aspiration Pneumonia caused by - ANSWER- entry of substances into lower airway
- bacteria
-gastric contents
-chemicals
-gases
Aspiration Pneumonia causes - ANSWER- inflammatory changes and lead to bacterial
infiltration and pneumonia
Aspiration affects ______ & _____ - ANSWER- ventilation; diffusion
Inflammatory reaction in the ____ - ANSWER- alveoli
Interferes with __ & __ diffusion - ANSWER- oxygen , CO2
Areas of the lungs don't have adequate ventilation r/t - ANSWER- secretions, mucosal
edema, causes partial occlusion of bronchi or alveoli, decrease in alveolar O2 tension
Substantial portion of one or more lobes = - ANSWER- lobar pnemonia
Patchy distribution = - ANSWER- bronchopneumonia
Signs and symptoms of Aspiration Pneumonia vary depending on: - ANSWER- causal
organism, type, underlying disease
Streptococcal Pneumonia Manifestations - ANSWER- sudden onset, chills, high fever,
pleuritic chest pain, tachypnea, respiratory distress, tachycardia
Pulse-temp deficit = - ANSWER- viral, mycoplasma, legionella
, Severe Pneumonia Manifestations - ANSWER- flushed face, central cyanosis
Other S/S - ANSWER- orthopnea, poor appetite, rusty blood tinged sputum
Indication of pneumonia in patient with COPD - ANSWER- purulent sputum or changes
in respiratory pattern
Diagnostics of Aspiration Pneumonia - ANSWER- Chest x-ray, sputum culture, blood
culture, bronchoscopy
Complications of Aspiration Pneumonia - ANSWER- shock/respiratory failure, cardiac
dysrhythmias, pericarditis, myocarditis
Aspiration occurs when: - ANSWER- protective mechanisms fail to prevent gastric
contents from entering airways
Silent aspiration can occur: - ANSWER- from a poor swallow function or from a tube
feeding
Primary goal of aspiration is - ANSWER- Prevention
Tube feed aspiration prevention: - ANSWER- check placement, visual inspection,
patient in upright position, feeding given only when placement is verified
Hypertrophy of smooth muscle can lead to - ANSWER- pulmonary hypertension
Increased CO2 tension in the arterial blood leads to: - ANSWER- Respiratory Acidosis
Signs of Heart Failure - ANSWER- congestion, dependent edema, JVD, pain in the area
of the liver
Panlobular - ANSWER- all air space within the lobule are enlarged
Centrilobular - ANSWER- changes occur mainly in secondary lobule
Clinical Manifestations of emphysema - ANSWER- chronic cough, sputum production,
dyspnea on exertion
Assessment of COPD - ANSWER- PFT, Spirometery, ABG, Chest Xray
Stage I COPD - ANSWER- mild. May or may not exhibit cough, sputum production
Stage II COPD - ANSWER- moderate. SOB on exertion
Stage III COPD - ANSWER- severe. increased SOB, reduced exercise tolerance,
repeated exacerbations
