NR 226 FUNDAMENTALS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTION
Potassium Value
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Hypokalemia
occurs with excess potassium or loss of body water, may be from poor diet
- vomitting
- diarrhea
- excessive sweating
- diuretic therapy
- below 3.5
Hyperkalemia
above 5.0
- occurs with burns
- crush injuries
- uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
- renal failure
Sodium level
135-145 mEq/L
Hyponatremia
below 135
- sodium deficit
- decreased sodium
- increase water intake
- cause by excessive vomitting or diarrhea
Hypernatremia
below 145
- sodium excess most common from water loss from fever or respiratory
infection
Magnesium levels
1.3-2.1
Hyper magnesium
occurs in the presence of renal failure
above 2.1
Hypomagnesemia
COMPLETE SOLUTION
Potassium Value
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Hypokalemia
occurs with excess potassium or loss of body water, may be from poor diet
- vomitting
- diarrhea
- excessive sweating
- diuretic therapy
- below 3.5
Hyperkalemia
above 5.0
- occurs with burns
- crush injuries
- uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
- renal failure
Sodium level
135-145 mEq/L
Hyponatremia
below 135
- sodium deficit
- decreased sodium
- increase water intake
- cause by excessive vomitting or diarrhea
Hypernatremia
below 145
- sodium excess most common from water loss from fever or respiratory
infection
Magnesium levels
1.3-2.1
Hyper magnesium
occurs in the presence of renal failure
above 2.1
Hypomagnesemia