NURS 434: Exam 1 Study Guide Questions With Complete
Solutions
What is CPAP used for?
Chronic Problems
What is BiPAP used for?
Acute Problems
A patient with mild sleep apnea has
____-____ events per hour.
5-10
A patient with moderate/severe obstructive sleep apnea has
____-_____ events per hour.
greater than 15
How is air deliver with the CPAP?
Continuously at a single pressure
How is air delivered by a BiPAP?
Changes with the patients inspiration and expiration. Maintains
positive airway pressure during inspiration and expiration
What education should you provide a patient with obstructive
sleep apnea?
-Weight loss
-Avoid Alcohol and Drugs
-Try not to sleep on back
,Which sleeping device should be used for mild sleep apnea?
NONE
What are common signs that a patient may be having issues with
sleep apnea?
a. Insomnia, Waking up frequently/snoring
b. Daytime Sleepiness
c. Morning Headaches
d. Personality changes/Irritability
When conducting a physical exam for sleep apnea what are we
looking for?
Macroglossia (big tongue) and Micrognathia (lower jaw smaller
than the upper
What diagnostic test is often done for patients that are suspected
to have sleep apnea?
Polysomnography
What does polysomnography look at?
Sleep study that tracks breath pattern, HR, Brain activity, and
O2 Sat
What is our main goal when conducting a sleep study?
look for how many pauses the patient has per hour
What surgical procedure can be performed for patients with
obstructive sleep apnea?
Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
What is done during a Uvulopaletopharyngoplasty?
,Gives more space for air to move by cutting downsize with a
laser
What education must you provide to a patient getting a
Uvulopaletopharyngoplasty done?
Takes weeks to be effective and they must be on a soft diet
A patient that has just received a Uvulopaletopharyngoplasty
should call the doctors office if they experience what?
Fever or are coughing up blood
If the patient has severe life threatening sleep apnea what is
done?
Tracheostomy or Bariatric surgery to promote weight loss
What should V/Q be ideally?
1
What happens when a patient experiences acute respiratory
failure?
They fail to ventilate/oxygenate the body
With acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) what injuries
the capillary membranes?
Systemic Inflammation
What happens when the capillary membrane is injured
(commonly seen in ARDS)
The injuries Capillary membrane allows fluid to leak into the
lung spaces causing the patient to drown in their lungs
, What causes SARS (severe acute respiratory distress syndrome)
Viral Infection causing an inflammatory response
What is a normal pH?
7.35-7.45
What is a normal PaCO2?
35-45 mmHg
What is a normal PaO2
80-100
What is a normal HCO3?
22-28
The doctor orders an X-Ray and it comes back white. What are
your lungs filled with?
Fluid and Gunk
The doctor orders an X-Ray and it comes back black. What are
your lungs filled with?
Air
What is the first sign of respiratory failure/ARDS?
Changes in Mentation
What will we see in the cardiac system when a patient has
ARDS?
Tachycardia, HTN, (late sign is hypotension)
Solutions
What is CPAP used for?
Chronic Problems
What is BiPAP used for?
Acute Problems
A patient with mild sleep apnea has
____-____ events per hour.
5-10
A patient with moderate/severe obstructive sleep apnea has
____-_____ events per hour.
greater than 15
How is air deliver with the CPAP?
Continuously at a single pressure
How is air delivered by a BiPAP?
Changes with the patients inspiration and expiration. Maintains
positive airway pressure during inspiration and expiration
What education should you provide a patient with obstructive
sleep apnea?
-Weight loss
-Avoid Alcohol and Drugs
-Try not to sleep on back
,Which sleeping device should be used for mild sleep apnea?
NONE
What are common signs that a patient may be having issues with
sleep apnea?
a. Insomnia, Waking up frequently/snoring
b. Daytime Sleepiness
c. Morning Headaches
d. Personality changes/Irritability
When conducting a physical exam for sleep apnea what are we
looking for?
Macroglossia (big tongue) and Micrognathia (lower jaw smaller
than the upper
What diagnostic test is often done for patients that are suspected
to have sleep apnea?
Polysomnography
What does polysomnography look at?
Sleep study that tracks breath pattern, HR, Brain activity, and
O2 Sat
What is our main goal when conducting a sleep study?
look for how many pauses the patient has per hour
What surgical procedure can be performed for patients with
obstructive sleep apnea?
Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
What is done during a Uvulopaletopharyngoplasty?
,Gives more space for air to move by cutting downsize with a
laser
What education must you provide to a patient getting a
Uvulopaletopharyngoplasty done?
Takes weeks to be effective and they must be on a soft diet
A patient that has just received a Uvulopaletopharyngoplasty
should call the doctors office if they experience what?
Fever or are coughing up blood
If the patient has severe life threatening sleep apnea what is
done?
Tracheostomy or Bariatric surgery to promote weight loss
What should V/Q be ideally?
1
What happens when a patient experiences acute respiratory
failure?
They fail to ventilate/oxygenate the body
With acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) what injuries
the capillary membranes?
Systemic Inflammation
What happens when the capillary membrane is injured
(commonly seen in ARDS)
The injuries Capillary membrane allows fluid to leak into the
lung spaces causing the patient to drown in their lungs
, What causes SARS (severe acute respiratory distress syndrome)
Viral Infection causing an inflammatory response
What is a normal pH?
7.35-7.45
What is a normal PaCO2?
35-45 mmHg
What is a normal PaO2
80-100
What is a normal HCO3?
22-28
The doctor orders an X-Ray and it comes back white. What are
your lungs filled with?
Fluid and Gunk
The doctor orders an X-Ray and it comes back black. What are
your lungs filled with?
Air
What is the first sign of respiratory failure/ARDS?
Changes in Mentation
What will we see in the cardiac system when a patient has
ARDS?
Tachycardia, HTN, (late sign is hypotension)
