Test Bank for Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for Clinical Practice 2nd Edition Tkacs

Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for
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Clinical Practice 2nd Edition Tkacs Test Bank -Questions
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with Answer Key At the end of Every Chapter, All Updated
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Chapter 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF CLINICAL
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PRACTICE
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1. The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute inflammation include:
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A) fever.

B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.


2. The vascular, hemodynamic stage of acute inflammation is initiated by
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momentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation that causes
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localized:
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A) bleeding.

B) congestion.
C) pale skin. g




D) coolness.


3. The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the movement of
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leukocytes into the area. Which of the following cells arrives early in great
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numbers?
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A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets

,4. The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is the initial
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step in the process?
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A) Engulfment

B) Intracellular killing g




C) Antigen margination g




D) Recognition and adherence g g




5. Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes increased capillary
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permeability and pain?
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A) Serotonin
B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric oxide g




6. Inflammatory exudates are a combination of several types. Which of the
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gfollowing exudates is composed of enmeshed necrotic cells?
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A) Serous
B) Fibrinous

C) Suppurative
D) Membranous


7. The acute-phase systemic response usually begins within hours of the onset
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of inflammation and includes:
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A) fever and lethargy. g g




B) decreased C-reactive protein. g g




C) positive nitrogen balance. g g




D) low erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
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8. In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized by
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gwhich of the following phenomena?
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,A) Profuse fibrinous exudation g g




B) A shift to the left of granulocytes
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C) Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis g g g




D) Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages g g g




9. Exogenous pyrogens (interleukin-1) and the presence of bacteria in the blood
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lead to the release of endogenous pyrogens that:
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A) stabilize thermal control in the brain.
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B) produce leukocytosis and anorexia. g g g




C) block viral replication in cells.
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D) inhibit prostaglandin release.
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10 An older adult patient has just sheared the skin on her elbow while attempted
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. to boost herself up in bed, an event that has precipitated acute inflammation
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gin the region surrounding the wound. Which of the following events will
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goccur during the vascular stage of the patients inflammation?
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A) Outpouring of exudate into interstitial spaces g g g g g




B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium g g g g g




D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris g g g




11 Which of the following individuals most likely has the highest risk of
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. experiencing chronic inflammation? g g




A) A patient who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
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B) A patient who is a carrier of an antibiotic-resistant organism
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C) A patient who is taking oral antibiotics for an upper respiratory infection
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D) A patient who is morbidly obese and who has a sedentary lifestyle
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12 Which of the following core body temperatures is within normal range?
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.
A) 35.9C (96.6F) g

, B) 38.0C (100.4F) g




C) 35.5C (95.9F) g




D) 37.3C (99.1F) g




13 A postsurgical patient who is recovering in the postanesthetic recovery unit
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. states that she is freezing cold. Which of the following measures is likely to
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be initiated in the patients hypothalamus in an effort to reduce heat loss?
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A) Opening of arteriovenous (AV) shunts g g g g




B) Reduced exhalation of warmed air g g g g




C) Contraction of pilomotor muscles g g g




D) Decreased urine production g g




14 An elderly patient is dressed only in a hospital gown and complains of a
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. draft in her room. Consequently, she has requested a warm blanket while she
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sits in her wheelchair. Which of the following mechanisms of heat loss is
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gmost likely the primary cause of her request?
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A) Evaporation and conduction g g




B) Radiation and convection g g




C) Conduction and convection g g




D) Convection and evaporation g g




15 Which of the following pathophysiologic processes are capable of inducing
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. the production of pyrogens? Select all that apply.
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A) Acute inflammation g




B) Obesity

C) Myocardial infarction g




D) Malignancy
E) Renal failure g




16 Which of the following patients is most likely to be susceptible to
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. developing a neurogenic fever? g g g