Chapter 01: Public Health Nursing and Population Health
h h h h h h h
Stanhope: Foundations for Population Health in Community/Public Health Nursing, 6th Edition
h h h h h h h h h h
MULTIPLEhCHOICE
1. Whichhstatementhbesthdescribeshcommunity-basedhnursing?
a. Ahpracticehinhwhichhcarehishprovidedhforhindividualshandhfamilies.
b. Providinghcarehwithhahfocushonhthehgroup’shneeds.
c. Givinghcarehwithhahfocushonhthehaggregate’shneeds.
d. Ahvaluehsystemhinhwhichhallhclientshreceivehoptimalhcare.
ANS:h A
Byhdefinition,hcommunity-basedhnursinghishahsetting-
specifichpracticehinhwhichhcarehishprovidedhforh“sick”hindividualshandhfamilieshwherehtheyhlive,hwork,hand
hishonhacutehandhchronichcarehandhthehprovisionhofhcomprehensive,hcoordinated,handhcontinuoushcare.hThe
orhspecialistshinhmaternal–infant,hpediatric,hadult,horhpsychiatrichmentalhhealthhnursing.hCommunity-
basedhnursinghemphasizeshacutehandhchronichcarehtohindividualshandhfamilies,hratherhthanhfocusinghonhgro
2. Whichhstatementhbesthdescribeshthehgoalhofhcommunity-orientedhnursing?
a. Providinghcarehtohindividualshandhfamilies
b. Providinghcarehtohmanagehacutehorhchronichconditions
c. Givinghdirecthcarehtohillhindividualshwithinhtheirhfamilyhsetting
d. Tohpreserve,hprotect,hpromote,horhmaintainhhealthhandhpreventhdisease
ANS:h D
Byhdefinition,hcommunity-
orientedhnursinghhashthehgoalhofhpreserving,hprotecting,horhmaintaininghhealthhandhpreventinghdiseasehtohp
hnurseshmayhfocushonhindividualshandhfamilies,hgivehdirecthcarehtohillhpersonshwithinhtheirhfamilyhsetting,ha
onichconditions.hThesehdefinitionsharehnothspecifichtohcommunity-orientedhnursing.
3. Whichhofhthehfollowinghishthehprimaryhfocushofhpublichhealthhnursing?
a. Familieshandhgroups
b. Illness-orientedhcare
c. Individualshwithinhthehfamilyhunit
d. Healthhcarehofhcommunitieshandhpopulations
ANS:h D
Inhpublichhealthhnursing,hthehprimaryhfocushishonhthehhealthhcarehofhcommunitieshandhpopulationshratherhth
ndhfamilies.hThehgoalhishtohpreventhdiseasehandhpreserve,hpromote,hrestore,handhprotecthhealthhforhthehcomm
thinhit.hCommunity-basedhnurseshdealhprimarilyhwithhillness-
orientedhcarehofhindividualshandhfamilieshacrosshthehlifeh span.hThehaimhishtohmanagehacutehandhchronichhe
nity,handhthehfocushofhpracticehishonhindividualhor
family-centeredhillnesshcare.
4. Whichhofhthehfollowinghishresponsiblehforhthehdramatichincreasehinhlifehexpectancyhduringhtheh20thhcentur
a. Technologyhincreaseshinhthehfieldhofhmedicalhlaboratoryhresearch
b. Advanceshinhsurgicalhtechniqueshandhprocedures
c. Sanitationhandhotherhpopulation-basedhpreventionhprograms
d. Usehofhantibioticshtohfighthinfections
ANS:h C
Therehhashtohbehindisputablehevidencehcollectedhoverhtimehthathpublichhealthhpolicieshandhprogramshwereh
nghthehaveragehlifehspanhfromh47hinh1900htoh78.6hyearshinh2017,hanhincreasehofhapproximatelyh60%hinhjustho
vementshinh(1)hsanitation,h(2)hcleanhwaterhsupplies,h(3)hmakinghworkplaceshsafer,h(4)himprovinghfoodhand
(5)himmunizinghchildren,handh(6)himprovinghnutrition,hhygiene,handhhousing.hAlthoughhpeopleharehexcite
redhthathcureshahdiseasehorhwhenhahnewhwayhtohtransplanthorganshishperfected,hithishimportanthtohknowhabou
ealthhofhpopulationshthathhavehcomehlargelyhfromhpublichhealthhaccomplishments.
5. Ahnursehishdevelopinghahplanhtohdecreasehthehnumberhofhprematurehdeathshinhthehcommunity.hWhichhofhthe
, 6. WhathishthehbasichassumptionhstatedhbyhHealthyhPeopleh2010hashithrelateshtohpublichhealthhefforts?
a. Healthhdisparitieshamonghanyhgroupsharehmorallyhandhlegallyhwrong.
b. Healthhcarehishthehmosthimportanthpriorityhinhgovernmenthplanninghandhfunding.
c. Thehhealthhofhindividualshcannothbehseparatedhfromhthehhealthhofhthehcommunity.
d. ThehgovernmenthishresponsiblehforhlengtheninghthehlifehspanhofhAmericans.
ANS:h C
ThehmajorhpremisehofhHealthyhPeopleh2010hwashthaththehhealthhofhthehindividualhcannothbehentirelyhsepara
erhcommunity.hPublichhealthhpracticehfocuseshonhthehcommunityhashahwhole,handhtheheffecthofhthehcommu
s)honhthehhealthhofhindividuals,hfamilies,handhgroups.hThehgoalhishtohpreventhdiseasehandhdisabilityhandhpro
fhthehcommunityhashahwhole.hPublichhealthhcanhbehdescribedhashwhathsocietyhcollectivelyhdoeshtohensurehth
peoplehcanhbehhealthy.hThehbasichassumptionshofhpublichhealthhdohnothjudgehthehmoralityhofhhealthhdispari
onhofhillnesshnothonhspendinghmorehonhillnesshcare.hAdditionally,hindividualhresponsibilityhforhmakinghhea
orhlengtheninghlifehspanhnoththehrolehofhthehgovernment.
7. Whichhofhthehfollowinghactionshwouldhmosthlikelyhbehperformedhbyhahpublichhealthhnurse?
a. Askinghcommunityhleadershwhathinterventionshshouldhbehchosen
b. Assessinghthehcommunityhandhdecidinghonhappropriatehinterventions
c. Usinghdatahfromhthehmainhhealthhcarehinstitutionshinhthehcommunityhtohdetermineh
neededhhealthhservices
d. Workinghwithhcommunityhgroupshtohcreatehpolicieshtohimprovehthehenvironment
ANS:h D
Althoughhthehpublichhealthhnursehmighthengagehinhanyhofhthehtaskshlisted,hhehorhshehworkshprimarilyhwithhm
hcarryhouthcorehpublichhealthhfunctions,hincludinghassessmenthofhthehpopulationhashahwholehandhengaginghi
ovinghthehenvironment.hThehinterventionshofhaskinghcommunityhleadershwhichhinterventionshshouldhbehch
tyhandhdecidinghonhappropriatehinterventions,handhusinghdatahfromhhealthhcarehinstitutionshdohnothdemons
ommunityhwhenhmakinghdecisionshabouthwhaththehcommunityhactuallyhwantshandhneeds.
8. Whichhpublichhealthhnursehmosthclearlyhfulfillshthehresponsibilitieshofhthishrole?
a. Thehnursehwhohmethwithhseveralhgroupshtohdiscusshcommunityhrecreationhissues
b. Thehnursehwhohspenththehdayhattendinghmeetingshofhvarioushhealthhagencies
c. Thehnursehwhohtalkedhtohseveralhpeoplehabouththeirhparticularhhealthhconcerns
d. Thehnursehwhohwatchedhthehcityhcouncilhmeetinghonhlocalhcablehtelevision
ANS:h B
Anyhofhthesehdescriptionshmighthrepresenthahnursehcommunicating,hcooperating,horhcollaboratinghwithhco
abouthhealthhconcerns.hAhmajorhchallengehforhthehfuturehishthehneedhforhpublichhealthhnursinghspecialistsht
inghcollaborativelyhwithhvarioushgroupshinhthehcommunityhashwellhashprofessionalhcolleagueshinhinstitutio
ershtohhealth.hHowever,hthehnursehwhohspenththehdayhattendinghmeetingshofhvarioushhealthhagencieshishtheh
inhpublichhealth,hconcernsharehaddressedhfromhahbroaderhperspective.hInhpublichhealth,hbroadhconcernshofht
ressed.hConcernsharehbroaderhthanhrecreation,hindividualhconcernsharehnothashimportanthashaggregatehprior
h(ahone-wayhformhofhcommunication)hishlessheffectivehthanhinteractinghwithhothers.
9. Whichhofhthehfollowinghbesthdefineshaggregate?
a. Ahlargehgrouphofhpersons
b. Ahcollectionhofhindividualshandhfamilies
c. Ahcollectionhofhpeoplehwhohsharehonehorhmorehcharacteristics
d. Anotherhnamehforhdemographichgroup
ANS:h C
Anhaggregatehishdefinedhahcollectionhofhpeoplehwhohsharehonehorhmorehpersonalhorhenvironmentalhcharact
unityhcanhbehdefinedhinhtermshofheitherhgeographyh(e.g.,hahcounty,hahgrouphofhcounties,horhahstate)horhahspec
endinghahparticularhschool).hThesehmembershmakehuphahpopulation.hThehtermhpopulationhmayhbehusedhinte
ggregate.hAhlargehgrouphofhpersons,hahcollectionhofhindividualshandhfamilies,handhanotherhnamehforhdemog
ehdefinitionshofhthehtermhaggregate.
10. Whichhquestionhaskedhbyhahnovicehnursehwouldhbehthehmosthreflectivehofhanhunderstandinghofhthehrolehofha
a. “Whichhgroupsharehaththehgreatesthriskhforhproblems?”
b. “WhichhpatientshshouldhIhseehfirsthashIhbeginhmyhday?”
,12. Whenhtalkinghtohahwomen’shgrouphaththehseniorhcitizens’hcenter,hthehnursehremindedhthemhthaththehonlyhwa
haffordhtohprovidehtransportationhserviceshforhthemhwouldhbehforhthemhtohcontinuehtohwritehlettershtohtheirhl
veshrequestinghfundinghforhsuchhahservice.hWhathwashthehnursehtryinghtohaccomplishhthroughhthishaction?
a. Ensurehthaththehwomenhdidhnothexpecththehnursehtohsolvehtheirhproblem.
b. Demonstratehthaththehnursehunderstoodhthehwomen’shconcernshandhneeds.
c. Expresshempathy,hsupport,handhconcern.
d. Helphthehwomenhengagehinhpoliticalhaction.
ANS:h D
Publichhealthhnurseshengagehthemselveshandhothershinhpolicyhdevelopmenthandhencouragehandhassisthperso
dshtohthosehwithhthehpowerhtohtakehaction.hThehnursehishdemonstratinghthehrolehofhadvocatehthroughhthishac
nderstandinghthehwomen’shconcern,handhinsteadhmobilizeshthemhtohtakehaction.hThishactionhdoeshnothdemo
mpathyhratherhthehnursehishempoweringhthesehwomen.
13. Thehpublichhealthhnursehhashahclearhvisionhofhwhathneedshtohbehdonehandhwherehtohbeginhtohimprovehthehhea
hyhwouldhthehnursehspendhtimehmeetinghwithhcommunityhgroupshtohdiscusshthehmosthimportanthtaskhtohbeh
a. Tohincreasehthehgroup’shself-esteem
b. Tohmaintainhcommunicationhlinkshwithhthehgroups
c. Tohmakehthehgroupshfeelhgoodhabouththeirhcontribution
d. Tohworkhwithhthehgroups,hnothforhthehgroups
ANS:h D
Historically,hhealthhcarehprovidershhavehbeenhaccusedhofhprovidinghcarehforhorhtohpeoplehwithouthactuallyh
ehdecisions.hPublichhealthhnursinghishah“withhthehpeople”—nothah“tohthehpeople”horh“forhthehpeople”—
approachhtohplanning.hTherehishanhimperativehtohworkhwithhmembershofhthehcommunityhtohcarryhouthcorehp
urposehofhmeetinghwithhcommunityhgroupshishnothtohincreasehtheirhself-
esteemhorhmakehthemhfeelhgoodhabouththeirhcontribution,hratherhithishtohallowhthemhtohacthforhthemselveshto
facing.hThehfirsthtaskhofhworkinghwithhthehgrouphshouldhoccurhbeforehaddressinghmaintaininghcommunica
14. Thehnursehoftenhhashtohmakehresourcehallocationhdecisions.hWhichhofhthehfollowinghbesthdescribeshthehcrit
hsuchhcases?
a. Thehspecifichmoralhorhethicalhprinciplehrelatedhtohthehsituation
b. Thehcheapest,hmostheconomicalhapproach
c. Thehmosthrationalhprobablehoutcome
d. Thehneedshofhthehaggregatehratherhthanhahfewhindividuals
ANS:h D
Thehdominanthneedshofhthehpopulationhoutweighhthehexpressedhneedshofhonehorhahfewhpeople.hAllhofhthehch
hofhahdecisionhthaththehnursehmighthconsiderhinhdetermininghthehneedshofhthehaggregate.
15. Whichhofhthehfollowinghactionshbesthrepresentshpublichhealthhnursing?
a. Assessinghtheheffectivenesshofhthehhighhschoolhhealthhclinic
b. Caringhforhclientshinhtheirhhomehfollowinghtheirhoutpatienthsurgeries
c. Providinghcarehtohchildrenhandhtheirhfamilieshaththehschoolhclinic
d. Administeringhfollow-uphcarehforhpediatrichclientshathanhoutpatienthclinic
ANS:h A
Ahpublichhealthhorhpopulation-
focusedhapproachhwouldhlookhaththehentirehgrouphofhchildrenhbeinghservedhtohdeterminehwhetherhavailable
evinghthehgoalhofhimprovinghthehhealthhofhthehschoolhpopulation.hCaringhforhclientshandhtheirhfamilieshfocu
eshandhnothonhthehentirehpopulation.hPublichhealthhfocuseshonhcarehofhpopulations.
16. Twohnurseshplanhtohwalkhunderhahhugehdowntownhbridgehwherehvarioushhomelesshpersonshlive.hWhyhwou
nsafeharea?
a. Tohassesshthehneedshofhthehhomelesshwhohlivehthere
b. Tohdemonstratehtheirhcouragehandhcommitment
c. Tohdistributehsomehofhtheirhownhsurplushclotheshtohthosehwhohcanhusehthem
d. Tohsharehwithhvarioushchurcheshandhotherhcharitieshwhathishneeded
ANS:h A
, 2. Whichhofhthehfollowinghactionshdemonstrateheffectivehpublichhealthhnursinghpracticehinhthehcommunity?h(
a. Epidemiologichinvestigationshexaminehthehenvironmenthforhhealthhhazards.
b. Newhservicesharehorganizedhwherehparticularhvulnerablehpopulationshlive.
c. Partnershipsharehestablishedhwithhcommunityhcoalitions.
d. Staffhmembershaththehpublichhealthhagencyhcontinuehtohincreasehinhnumber.
e. Staffinghwalkhinhclinicshforhlowhincomehfamilies
ANS:h A,hB,hC
Evidencehthathpublichhealthhnursesharehpracticingheffectivelyhinhthehcommunityhwouldhincludehorganizing
hwork,hplay,handhlearn;hworkinghinhpartnershipshandhwithhcoalitions;handhparticipatinghinhepidemiologichst
ehnumberhofhstaffhnorhactinghashstaffhinhthehdeliveryhofhacutehand/orhchronichcarehhashahrelationshiphtohthehe
hhnursinghpractice.
3. Whyharehnurseshincreasinglyhprovidinghcarehinhclients’hhomeshratherhthanhinhhospitals?h(Selecthallhthathapp
a. Homehcarehishlesshexpensive.
b. Ithishmuchhmorehefficienthtohgivehcarehinhthehhome.
c. Nurseshpreferhtohgivehhomehcarehwithhindividualhattention.
d. Peoplehpreferhtohreceivehcarehinhtheirhhomeshratherhthanhinhhospitals.
ANS:h A,hD
Anhincreasinghnumberhofhclientsharehreceivinghcarehinhthehhomehbecausehithishlesshexpensivehandhclientshpr
arhandhcomfortablehsettings.hIthishnothmorehefficienthnorhmorehconvenient,hsincehtravelhtimehhashtohbehconsi
irhpreferredhemploymenthsetting.
h h h h h h h
Stanhope: Foundations for Population Health in Community/Public Health Nursing, 6th Edition
h h h h h h h h h h
MULTIPLEhCHOICE
1. Whichhstatementhbesthdescribeshcommunity-basedhnursing?
a. Ahpracticehinhwhichhcarehishprovidedhforhindividualshandhfamilies.
b. Providinghcarehwithhahfocushonhthehgroup’shneeds.
c. Givinghcarehwithhahfocushonhthehaggregate’shneeds.
d. Ahvaluehsystemhinhwhichhallhclientshreceivehoptimalhcare.
ANS:h A
Byhdefinition,hcommunity-basedhnursinghishahsetting-
specifichpracticehinhwhichhcarehishprovidedhforh“sick”hindividualshandhfamilieshwherehtheyhlive,hwork,hand
hishonhacutehandhchronichcarehandhthehprovisionhofhcomprehensive,hcoordinated,handhcontinuoushcare.hThe
orhspecialistshinhmaternal–infant,hpediatric,hadult,horhpsychiatrichmentalhhealthhnursing.hCommunity-
basedhnursinghemphasizeshacutehandhchronichcarehtohindividualshandhfamilies,hratherhthanhfocusinghonhgro
2. Whichhstatementhbesthdescribeshthehgoalhofhcommunity-orientedhnursing?
a. Providinghcarehtohindividualshandhfamilies
b. Providinghcarehtohmanagehacutehorhchronichconditions
c. Givinghdirecthcarehtohillhindividualshwithinhtheirhfamilyhsetting
d. Tohpreserve,hprotect,hpromote,horhmaintainhhealthhandhpreventhdisease
ANS:h D
Byhdefinition,hcommunity-
orientedhnursinghhashthehgoalhofhpreserving,hprotecting,horhmaintaininghhealthhandhpreventinghdiseasehtohp
hnurseshmayhfocushonhindividualshandhfamilies,hgivehdirecthcarehtohillhpersonshwithinhtheirhfamilyhsetting,ha
onichconditions.hThesehdefinitionsharehnothspecifichtohcommunity-orientedhnursing.
3. Whichhofhthehfollowinghishthehprimaryhfocushofhpublichhealthhnursing?
a. Familieshandhgroups
b. Illness-orientedhcare
c. Individualshwithinhthehfamilyhunit
d. Healthhcarehofhcommunitieshandhpopulations
ANS:h D
Inhpublichhealthhnursing,hthehprimaryhfocushishonhthehhealthhcarehofhcommunitieshandhpopulationshratherhth
ndhfamilies.hThehgoalhishtohpreventhdiseasehandhpreserve,hpromote,hrestore,handhprotecthhealthhforhthehcomm
thinhit.hCommunity-basedhnurseshdealhprimarilyhwithhillness-
orientedhcarehofhindividualshandhfamilieshacrosshthehlifeh span.hThehaimhishtohmanagehacutehandhchronichhe
nity,handhthehfocushofhpracticehishonhindividualhor
family-centeredhillnesshcare.
4. Whichhofhthehfollowinghishresponsiblehforhthehdramatichincreasehinhlifehexpectancyhduringhtheh20thhcentur
a. Technologyhincreaseshinhthehfieldhofhmedicalhlaboratoryhresearch
b. Advanceshinhsurgicalhtechniqueshandhprocedures
c. Sanitationhandhotherhpopulation-basedhpreventionhprograms
d. Usehofhantibioticshtohfighthinfections
ANS:h C
Therehhashtohbehindisputablehevidencehcollectedhoverhtimehthathpublichhealthhpolicieshandhprogramshwereh
nghthehaveragehlifehspanhfromh47hinh1900htoh78.6hyearshinh2017,hanhincreasehofhapproximatelyh60%hinhjustho
vementshinh(1)hsanitation,h(2)hcleanhwaterhsupplies,h(3)hmakinghworkplaceshsafer,h(4)himprovinghfoodhand
(5)himmunizinghchildren,handh(6)himprovinghnutrition,hhygiene,handhhousing.hAlthoughhpeopleharehexcite
redhthathcureshahdiseasehorhwhenhahnewhwayhtohtransplanthorganshishperfected,hithishimportanthtohknowhabou
ealthhofhpopulationshthathhavehcomehlargelyhfromhpublichhealthhaccomplishments.
5. Ahnursehishdevelopinghahplanhtohdecreasehthehnumberhofhprematurehdeathshinhthehcommunity.hWhichhofhthe
, 6. WhathishthehbasichassumptionhstatedhbyhHealthyhPeopleh2010hashithrelateshtohpublichhealthhefforts?
a. Healthhdisparitieshamonghanyhgroupsharehmorallyhandhlegallyhwrong.
b. Healthhcarehishthehmosthimportanthpriorityhinhgovernmenthplanninghandhfunding.
c. Thehhealthhofhindividualshcannothbehseparatedhfromhthehhealthhofhthehcommunity.
d. ThehgovernmenthishresponsiblehforhlengtheninghthehlifehspanhofhAmericans.
ANS:h C
ThehmajorhpremisehofhHealthyhPeopleh2010hwashthaththehhealthhofhthehindividualhcannothbehentirelyhsepara
erhcommunity.hPublichhealthhpracticehfocuseshonhthehcommunityhashahwhole,handhtheheffecthofhthehcommu
s)honhthehhealthhofhindividuals,hfamilies,handhgroups.hThehgoalhishtohpreventhdiseasehandhdisabilityhandhpro
fhthehcommunityhashahwhole.hPublichhealthhcanhbehdescribedhashwhathsocietyhcollectivelyhdoeshtohensurehth
peoplehcanhbehhealthy.hThehbasichassumptionshofhpublichhealthhdohnothjudgehthehmoralityhofhhealthhdispari
onhofhillnesshnothonhspendinghmorehonhillnesshcare.hAdditionally,hindividualhresponsibilityhforhmakinghhea
orhlengtheninghlifehspanhnoththehrolehofhthehgovernment.
7. Whichhofhthehfollowinghactionshwouldhmosthlikelyhbehperformedhbyhahpublichhealthhnurse?
a. Askinghcommunityhleadershwhathinterventionshshouldhbehchosen
b. Assessinghthehcommunityhandhdecidinghonhappropriatehinterventions
c. Usinghdatahfromhthehmainhhealthhcarehinstitutionshinhthehcommunityhtohdetermineh
neededhhealthhservices
d. Workinghwithhcommunityhgroupshtohcreatehpolicieshtohimprovehthehenvironment
ANS:h D
Althoughhthehpublichhealthhnursehmighthengagehinhanyhofhthehtaskshlisted,hhehorhshehworkshprimarilyhwithhm
hcarryhouthcorehpublichhealthhfunctions,hincludinghassessmenthofhthehpopulationhashahwholehandhengaginghi
ovinghthehenvironment.hThehinterventionshofhaskinghcommunityhleadershwhichhinterventionshshouldhbehch
tyhandhdecidinghonhappropriatehinterventions,handhusinghdatahfromhhealthhcarehinstitutionshdohnothdemons
ommunityhwhenhmakinghdecisionshabouthwhaththehcommunityhactuallyhwantshandhneeds.
8. Whichhpublichhealthhnursehmosthclearlyhfulfillshthehresponsibilitieshofhthishrole?
a. Thehnursehwhohmethwithhseveralhgroupshtohdiscusshcommunityhrecreationhissues
b. Thehnursehwhohspenththehdayhattendinghmeetingshofhvarioushhealthhagencies
c. Thehnursehwhohtalkedhtohseveralhpeoplehabouththeirhparticularhhealthhconcerns
d. Thehnursehwhohwatchedhthehcityhcouncilhmeetinghonhlocalhcablehtelevision
ANS:h B
Anyhofhthesehdescriptionshmighthrepresenthahnursehcommunicating,hcooperating,horhcollaboratinghwithhco
abouthhealthhconcerns.hAhmajorhchallengehforhthehfuturehishthehneedhforhpublichhealthhnursinghspecialistsht
inghcollaborativelyhwithhvarioushgroupshinhthehcommunityhashwellhashprofessionalhcolleagueshinhinstitutio
ershtohhealth.hHowever,hthehnursehwhohspenththehdayhattendinghmeetingshofhvarioushhealthhagencieshishtheh
inhpublichhealth,hconcernsharehaddressedhfromhahbroaderhperspective.hInhpublichhealth,hbroadhconcernshofht
ressed.hConcernsharehbroaderhthanhrecreation,hindividualhconcernsharehnothashimportanthashaggregatehprior
h(ahone-wayhformhofhcommunication)hishlessheffectivehthanhinteractinghwithhothers.
9. Whichhofhthehfollowinghbesthdefineshaggregate?
a. Ahlargehgrouphofhpersons
b. Ahcollectionhofhindividualshandhfamilies
c. Ahcollectionhofhpeoplehwhohsharehonehorhmorehcharacteristics
d. Anotherhnamehforhdemographichgroup
ANS:h C
Anhaggregatehishdefinedhahcollectionhofhpeoplehwhohsharehonehorhmorehpersonalhorhenvironmentalhcharact
unityhcanhbehdefinedhinhtermshofheitherhgeographyh(e.g.,hahcounty,hahgrouphofhcounties,horhahstate)horhahspec
endinghahparticularhschool).hThesehmembershmakehuphahpopulation.hThehtermhpopulationhmayhbehusedhinte
ggregate.hAhlargehgrouphofhpersons,hahcollectionhofhindividualshandhfamilies,handhanotherhnamehforhdemog
ehdefinitionshofhthehtermhaggregate.
10. Whichhquestionhaskedhbyhahnovicehnursehwouldhbehthehmosthreflectivehofhanhunderstandinghofhthehrolehofha
a. “Whichhgroupsharehaththehgreatesthriskhforhproblems?”
b. “WhichhpatientshshouldhIhseehfirsthashIhbeginhmyhday?”
,12. Whenhtalkinghtohahwomen’shgrouphaththehseniorhcitizens’hcenter,hthehnursehremindedhthemhthaththehonlyhwa
haffordhtohprovidehtransportationhserviceshforhthemhwouldhbehforhthemhtohcontinuehtohwritehlettershtohtheirhl
veshrequestinghfundinghforhsuchhahservice.hWhathwashthehnursehtryinghtohaccomplishhthroughhthishaction?
a. Ensurehthaththehwomenhdidhnothexpecththehnursehtohsolvehtheirhproblem.
b. Demonstratehthaththehnursehunderstoodhthehwomen’shconcernshandhneeds.
c. Expresshempathy,hsupport,handhconcern.
d. Helphthehwomenhengagehinhpoliticalhaction.
ANS:h D
Publichhealthhnurseshengagehthemselveshandhothershinhpolicyhdevelopmenthandhencouragehandhassisthperso
dshtohthosehwithhthehpowerhtohtakehaction.hThehnursehishdemonstratinghthehrolehofhadvocatehthroughhthishac
nderstandinghthehwomen’shconcern,handhinsteadhmobilizeshthemhtohtakehaction.hThishactionhdoeshnothdemo
mpathyhratherhthehnursehishempoweringhthesehwomen.
13. Thehpublichhealthhnursehhashahclearhvisionhofhwhathneedshtohbehdonehandhwherehtohbeginhtohimprovehthehhea
hyhwouldhthehnursehspendhtimehmeetinghwithhcommunityhgroupshtohdiscusshthehmosthimportanthtaskhtohbeh
a. Tohincreasehthehgroup’shself-esteem
b. Tohmaintainhcommunicationhlinkshwithhthehgroups
c. Tohmakehthehgroupshfeelhgoodhabouththeirhcontribution
d. Tohworkhwithhthehgroups,hnothforhthehgroups
ANS:h D
Historically,hhealthhcarehprovidershhavehbeenhaccusedhofhprovidinghcarehforhorhtohpeoplehwithouthactuallyh
ehdecisions.hPublichhealthhnursinghishah“withhthehpeople”—nothah“tohthehpeople”horh“forhthehpeople”—
approachhtohplanning.hTherehishanhimperativehtohworkhwithhmembershofhthehcommunityhtohcarryhouthcorehp
urposehofhmeetinghwithhcommunityhgroupshishnothtohincreasehtheirhself-
esteemhorhmakehthemhfeelhgoodhabouththeirhcontribution,hratherhithishtohallowhthemhtohacthforhthemselveshto
facing.hThehfirsthtaskhofhworkinghwithhthehgrouphshouldhoccurhbeforehaddressinghmaintaininghcommunica
14. Thehnursehoftenhhashtohmakehresourcehallocationhdecisions.hWhichhofhthehfollowinghbesthdescribeshthehcrit
hsuchhcases?
a. Thehspecifichmoralhorhethicalhprinciplehrelatedhtohthehsituation
b. Thehcheapest,hmostheconomicalhapproach
c. Thehmosthrationalhprobablehoutcome
d. Thehneedshofhthehaggregatehratherhthanhahfewhindividuals
ANS:h D
Thehdominanthneedshofhthehpopulationhoutweighhthehexpressedhneedshofhonehorhahfewhpeople.hAllhofhthehch
hofhahdecisionhthaththehnursehmighthconsiderhinhdetermininghthehneedshofhthehaggregate.
15. Whichhofhthehfollowinghactionshbesthrepresentshpublichhealthhnursing?
a. Assessinghtheheffectivenesshofhthehhighhschoolhhealthhclinic
b. Caringhforhclientshinhtheirhhomehfollowinghtheirhoutpatienthsurgeries
c. Providinghcarehtohchildrenhandhtheirhfamilieshaththehschoolhclinic
d. Administeringhfollow-uphcarehforhpediatrichclientshathanhoutpatienthclinic
ANS:h A
Ahpublichhealthhorhpopulation-
focusedhapproachhwouldhlookhaththehentirehgrouphofhchildrenhbeinghservedhtohdeterminehwhetherhavailable
evinghthehgoalhofhimprovinghthehhealthhofhthehschoolhpopulation.hCaringhforhclientshandhtheirhfamilieshfocu
eshandhnothonhthehentirehpopulation.hPublichhealthhfocuseshonhcarehofhpopulations.
16. Twohnurseshplanhtohwalkhunderhahhugehdowntownhbridgehwherehvarioushhomelesshpersonshlive.hWhyhwou
nsafeharea?
a. Tohassesshthehneedshofhthehhomelesshwhohlivehthere
b. Tohdemonstratehtheirhcouragehandhcommitment
c. Tohdistributehsomehofhtheirhownhsurplushclotheshtohthosehwhohcanhusehthem
d. Tohsharehwithhvarioushchurcheshandhotherhcharitieshwhathishneeded
ANS:h A
, 2. Whichhofhthehfollowinghactionshdemonstrateheffectivehpublichhealthhnursinghpracticehinhthehcommunity?h(
a. Epidemiologichinvestigationshexaminehthehenvironmenthforhhealthhhazards.
b. Newhservicesharehorganizedhwherehparticularhvulnerablehpopulationshlive.
c. Partnershipsharehestablishedhwithhcommunityhcoalitions.
d. Staffhmembershaththehpublichhealthhagencyhcontinuehtohincreasehinhnumber.
e. Staffinghwalkhinhclinicshforhlowhincomehfamilies
ANS:h A,hB,hC
Evidencehthathpublichhealthhnursesharehpracticingheffectivelyhinhthehcommunityhwouldhincludehorganizing
hwork,hplay,handhlearn;hworkinghinhpartnershipshandhwithhcoalitions;handhparticipatinghinhepidemiologichst
ehnumberhofhstaffhnorhactinghashstaffhinhthehdeliveryhofhacutehand/orhchronichcarehhashahrelationshiphtohthehe
hhnursinghpractice.
3. Whyharehnurseshincreasinglyhprovidinghcarehinhclients’hhomeshratherhthanhinhhospitals?h(Selecthallhthathapp
a. Homehcarehishlesshexpensive.
b. Ithishmuchhmorehefficienthtohgivehcarehinhthehhome.
c. Nurseshpreferhtohgivehhomehcarehwithhindividualhattention.
d. Peoplehpreferhtohreceivehcarehinhtheirhhomeshratherhthanhinhhospitals.
ANS:h A,hD
Anhincreasinghnumberhofhclientsharehreceivinghcarehinhthehhomehbecausehithishlesshexpensivehandhclientshpr
arhandhcomfortablehsettings.hIthishnothmorehefficienthnorhmorehconvenient,hsincehtravelhtimehhashtohbehconsi
irhpreferredhemploymenthsetting.
