PHYSICS PAPER 2 (EDEXCEL GCSE)
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS 2025.
8.1 vvDescribe vvthe vvchanges vvinvolved vvin vvthe vvway vvenergy vvis vvstored vvwhen
systems vvchange vv- vvANSWER: vvThere vvare vvchanges vvin vvthe vvway vvenergy vvis vvstored
vvwhen vva vvsystem vvchanges. vvFor vvexample: vvan vvobject vvprojected vvupwards vv- vvThe
vvobject's vvenergy vvis vvslowly vvtransferred vvfrom vvthe vvkinetic vvstore vvto vvthe vvgravitational
vvpotential vvstore vvas vvit vvslows vvdown vvand vvclimbs vvhigher.
8.2 vvDraw vvand vvinterpret vvdiagrams vvto vvrepresent vvenergy vvtransfers vv- vvANSWER:
vvTransfer vvdiagrams
In vvtransfer vvdiagrams vvthe vvboxes vvshow vvthe vvenergy vvstores vvand vvthe vvarrows vvshow vvthe
vvenergy vvtransfers
.Sankey vvdiagrams
Sankey vvdiagrams vvstart vvoff vvas vvone vvarrow vvthat vvsplits vvinto vvtwo vvor vvmore vvpoints. vvThis
vvshows vvhow vvall vvof vvthe vvenergy vvin vva vvsystem vvis vvtransferred vvinto vvdifferent vvstores.
8.3 vvIn vva vvclosed vvsystem vvwhat vvhappens vvto vvthe vvtotal vvenergy vvof vvthat vvsystem vvwhen
vvthere vvare vvenergy vvtransfers? vv- vvANSWER: vvwhere vvthere vvare vvenergy vvtransfers vvin vva
vvclosed
system vvthere vvis vvno vvnet vvchange vvto vvthe vvtotal vvenergy vvin vvthat vvsystem
8.4 vvIdentify vvthe vvdifferent vvways vvthat vvthe vvenergy vvof vva vvsystem vvcan vvbe
changed vv- vvANSWER: vva) vvthrough vvwork vvdone vvby vvforces
b) vvin vvelectrical vvequipment
c) vvin vvheating
Energy vvis vvtransferred vvby vvone vvof vvthe vvfollowing vvfour vvtypes vvof vvenergy vvpathway: vv-
vvANSWER: vv.mechanical vvwork vv- vva vvforce vvmoving vvan vvobject vvthrough vva vvdistance
.electrical vvwork vv- vvcharges vvmoving vvdue vvto vva vvpotential vvdifference
.heating vv- vvdue vvto vvtemperature vvdifference vvcaused vvelectrically vvor vvby vvchemical
vvreaction
.radiation vv- vvenergy vvtransferred vvas vva vvwave vveg vvlight, vvinfrared, vvsound vv- vvthe vvSun
vvemits vvlight vvradiation vvand vvinfrared vvradiation
Describe vvhow vvheating vvcan vvchange vvthe vvenergy vvof vva vvsystem vv- vvANSWER: vvHeating
vvchanges vvthe vvenergy vvstored vvwithin vva vvsystem vvby vvincreasing vvthe vvenergy vvof vvthe
vvparticles vvthat vvmake vvup vvthat vvsystem
, This vveither vvraises vvthe vvsystem's vvtemperature vvor, vvproduces vva vvchange vvof vvstate vv(eg.
vvsolid vvto vvliquid)
An vvexample vvof vvthe vvenergy vvchange vvby vvheating vvis vvelectrical vvenergy vvto vvthermal
vvenergy
Describe vvhow vvwork vvdone vvby vvforces vvcan vvchange vvthe vvenergy vvof vva vvsystem vv-
vvANSWER: vvWhen vvWork vvis vvDone vvagainst vvfrictional vvforces, vvenergy vvis vvtransferred,
vvincreasing vvthe vvtemperature vvof vvthe vvmoving vvobject vvand vvthe vvcontact vvsurface. vvWhen
vva vvforce vvis vvused vvto vvmove vvan vvobject, vvenergy vvis vvtransferred vv(because vvthe vvobject
vvhas vvmoved) vvand vvwe vvsay vvthat vvWork vvis vvDone
An vvexample vvof vvthe vvenergy vvchange vvby vvwork vvdone vvby vvforces vvis vvkinetic vvenergy vvto
vvthermal vvenergy
Describe vvan vvexample vvof vvhow vvwork vvdone vvin vvelectrical vvequipment vvcan vvchange vvthe
vvenergy vvof vva vvsystem vv- vvANSWER: vvAn vvexample vvof vvthe vvenergy vvchange vvby vvwork
vvdone vvwhen vva vvcurrent vvflow vvis vvchemical vvenergy vvto vvelectrical vvenergy vvto vvthermal
vvenergy
(Chemical vvenergy vvfrom vvthe vvbattery vvis vvconverted vvto vvelectrical vvenergy vvin vvthe
vvcomponents vvand vvthen vvtransferred vvto vvheat vvin vvwires)
8.5 vvDescribe vvhow vvto vvmeasure vvthe vvwork vvdone vvby vva vvforce vv- vvANSWER: vv.Find vvthe
vvdirection vvof vvthe vvforce vvvector vvand vvthe vvdirection vvof vvmotion
.Find vvthe vvdisplacement vvof vvyour vvobject
.Find vvthe vvforce vvon vvthe vvobject
.Multiply vvForce vv× vvDistance
.Label vvyour vvanswer vvin vvjoules
.work vvdone(J) vv= vvforce(N) vvx vvdistance vvmoved vvin vvthe vvdirection vvof vvthe vvforce vv(m)
8.5 vvEnergy vvtransferred vv(joule, vvJ) vvis vvequal vvto... vv- vvANSWER: vvwork
done vv(joule, vvJ)
8.7 vvDescribe vvand vvcalculate vvthe vvchanges vvin vvenergy vvinvolved vvwhen vva
system vvis vvchanged vvby vvwork vvdone vvby vvforces vv(give vvan vvexample) vv- vvANSWER:
vvBringing vvwater vvto vva vvboil vvin vvan vvelectric vvkettle
Electricity vvthrough vvthe vvelement vvof vvthe vvkettle vvincreases vvits vvinternal vv(thermal) vvenergy
vvwhich vvincreases vvthe vvinternal vv(thermal) vvenergy vvof vvthe vvwater vvwhich vvincreases vvthe
vvtemperature vvof vvthe vvwater
(to vvcalculate vvthis vvselect vvthe vvright vvequation vvfrom vvthe vvequation vvsheet)
8.10 vvExplain, vvusing vvexamples, vvhow vvin vvall vvsystem vvchanges vvenergy vvis
dissipated vvso vvthat vvit vvis vvstored vvin vvless vvuseful vvways vv- vvANSWER: vvNo vvsystem vvis
vvperfect. vvWhenever vvthere vvis vva vvchange vvin vva vvsystem, vvenergy vvis vvtransferred vvand
vvsome vvof vvthat vvenergy vvis vvdissipated.
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS 2025.
8.1 vvDescribe vvthe vvchanges vvinvolved vvin vvthe vvway vvenergy vvis vvstored vvwhen
systems vvchange vv- vvANSWER: vvThere vvare vvchanges vvin vvthe vvway vvenergy vvis vvstored
vvwhen vva vvsystem vvchanges. vvFor vvexample: vvan vvobject vvprojected vvupwards vv- vvThe
vvobject's vvenergy vvis vvslowly vvtransferred vvfrom vvthe vvkinetic vvstore vvto vvthe vvgravitational
vvpotential vvstore vvas vvit vvslows vvdown vvand vvclimbs vvhigher.
8.2 vvDraw vvand vvinterpret vvdiagrams vvto vvrepresent vvenergy vvtransfers vv- vvANSWER:
vvTransfer vvdiagrams
In vvtransfer vvdiagrams vvthe vvboxes vvshow vvthe vvenergy vvstores vvand vvthe vvarrows vvshow vvthe
vvenergy vvtransfers
.Sankey vvdiagrams
Sankey vvdiagrams vvstart vvoff vvas vvone vvarrow vvthat vvsplits vvinto vvtwo vvor vvmore vvpoints. vvThis
vvshows vvhow vvall vvof vvthe vvenergy vvin vva vvsystem vvis vvtransferred vvinto vvdifferent vvstores.
8.3 vvIn vva vvclosed vvsystem vvwhat vvhappens vvto vvthe vvtotal vvenergy vvof vvthat vvsystem vvwhen
vvthere vvare vvenergy vvtransfers? vv- vvANSWER: vvwhere vvthere vvare vvenergy vvtransfers vvin vva
vvclosed
system vvthere vvis vvno vvnet vvchange vvto vvthe vvtotal vvenergy vvin vvthat vvsystem
8.4 vvIdentify vvthe vvdifferent vvways vvthat vvthe vvenergy vvof vva vvsystem vvcan vvbe
changed vv- vvANSWER: vva) vvthrough vvwork vvdone vvby vvforces
b) vvin vvelectrical vvequipment
c) vvin vvheating
Energy vvis vvtransferred vvby vvone vvof vvthe vvfollowing vvfour vvtypes vvof vvenergy vvpathway: vv-
vvANSWER: vv.mechanical vvwork vv- vva vvforce vvmoving vvan vvobject vvthrough vva vvdistance
.electrical vvwork vv- vvcharges vvmoving vvdue vvto vva vvpotential vvdifference
.heating vv- vvdue vvto vvtemperature vvdifference vvcaused vvelectrically vvor vvby vvchemical
vvreaction
.radiation vv- vvenergy vvtransferred vvas vva vvwave vveg vvlight, vvinfrared, vvsound vv- vvthe vvSun
vvemits vvlight vvradiation vvand vvinfrared vvradiation
Describe vvhow vvheating vvcan vvchange vvthe vvenergy vvof vva vvsystem vv- vvANSWER: vvHeating
vvchanges vvthe vvenergy vvstored vvwithin vva vvsystem vvby vvincreasing vvthe vvenergy vvof vvthe
vvparticles vvthat vvmake vvup vvthat vvsystem
, This vveither vvraises vvthe vvsystem's vvtemperature vvor, vvproduces vva vvchange vvof vvstate vv(eg.
vvsolid vvto vvliquid)
An vvexample vvof vvthe vvenergy vvchange vvby vvheating vvis vvelectrical vvenergy vvto vvthermal
vvenergy
Describe vvhow vvwork vvdone vvby vvforces vvcan vvchange vvthe vvenergy vvof vva vvsystem vv-
vvANSWER: vvWhen vvWork vvis vvDone vvagainst vvfrictional vvforces, vvenergy vvis vvtransferred,
vvincreasing vvthe vvtemperature vvof vvthe vvmoving vvobject vvand vvthe vvcontact vvsurface. vvWhen
vva vvforce vvis vvused vvto vvmove vvan vvobject, vvenergy vvis vvtransferred vv(because vvthe vvobject
vvhas vvmoved) vvand vvwe vvsay vvthat vvWork vvis vvDone
An vvexample vvof vvthe vvenergy vvchange vvby vvwork vvdone vvby vvforces vvis vvkinetic vvenergy vvto
vvthermal vvenergy
Describe vvan vvexample vvof vvhow vvwork vvdone vvin vvelectrical vvequipment vvcan vvchange vvthe
vvenergy vvof vva vvsystem vv- vvANSWER: vvAn vvexample vvof vvthe vvenergy vvchange vvby vvwork
vvdone vvwhen vva vvcurrent vvflow vvis vvchemical vvenergy vvto vvelectrical vvenergy vvto vvthermal
vvenergy
(Chemical vvenergy vvfrom vvthe vvbattery vvis vvconverted vvto vvelectrical vvenergy vvin vvthe
vvcomponents vvand vvthen vvtransferred vvto vvheat vvin vvwires)
8.5 vvDescribe vvhow vvto vvmeasure vvthe vvwork vvdone vvby vva vvforce vv- vvANSWER: vv.Find vvthe
vvdirection vvof vvthe vvforce vvvector vvand vvthe vvdirection vvof vvmotion
.Find vvthe vvdisplacement vvof vvyour vvobject
.Find vvthe vvforce vvon vvthe vvobject
.Multiply vvForce vv× vvDistance
.Label vvyour vvanswer vvin vvjoules
.work vvdone(J) vv= vvforce(N) vvx vvdistance vvmoved vvin vvthe vvdirection vvof vvthe vvforce vv(m)
8.5 vvEnergy vvtransferred vv(joule, vvJ) vvis vvequal vvto... vv- vvANSWER: vvwork
done vv(joule, vvJ)
8.7 vvDescribe vvand vvcalculate vvthe vvchanges vvin vvenergy vvinvolved vvwhen vva
system vvis vvchanged vvby vvwork vvdone vvby vvforces vv(give vvan vvexample) vv- vvANSWER:
vvBringing vvwater vvto vva vvboil vvin vvan vvelectric vvkettle
Electricity vvthrough vvthe vvelement vvof vvthe vvkettle vvincreases vvits vvinternal vv(thermal) vvenergy
vvwhich vvincreases vvthe vvinternal vv(thermal) vvenergy vvof vvthe vvwater vvwhich vvincreases vvthe
vvtemperature vvof vvthe vvwater
(to vvcalculate vvthis vvselect vvthe vvright vvequation vvfrom vvthe vvequation vvsheet)
8.10 vvExplain, vvusing vvexamples, vvhow vvin vvall vvsystem vvchanges vvenergy vvis
dissipated vvso vvthat vvit vvis vvstored vvin vvless vvuseful vvways vv- vvANSWER: vvNo vvsystem vvis
vvperfect. vvWhenever vvthere vvis vva vvchange vvin vva vvsystem, vvenergy vvis vvtransferred vvand
vvsome vvof vvthat vvenergy vvis vvdissipated.
