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Exam (elaborations)

Solution Manual For Financial Statement Analysis, 13th Edition By Charles H. Gibson, Verified Chapter's 1 to 13 | Complete

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Solution Manual For Financial Statement Analysis, 13th Edition By Charles H. Gibson, Verified Chapter's 1 to 13 | Complete

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Solution Manual for Financial Statement Analysis,
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13th Edition by Charles H. Gibson,
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Verified Chapter's 1 - 13 | Complete
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, Chapter 1 Introduction dd d d



dd to Financial Reporting
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QUESTIONS

1- 1. a. The AICPA is an organization of CPAs that prior to 1973 accepted the
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primary responsibility for the development of generally accepted accounting
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principles. Their role was substantially reduced in 1973 when the Financial
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Accounting Standards Board was established. Their role was further reduced
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with the establishment of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board was
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established in 2002.
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b. The Financial Accounting Standards Board replaced the Accounting
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Principles Board as the primary rule-making body for accounting
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standards. It is an independent organization and includes members other
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than public accountants.
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c. The SEC has the authority to determine generally accepted accounting
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principles and to regulate the accounting profession. The SEC has elected to
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leave much of the determination of generally accepted accounting principles
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to the private sector. The Financial Accounting Standards Board has played
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the major role in establishing accounting standards since 1973. Regulation
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of the accounting profession was substantially turned over to the Public
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Company Accounting Oversight Board in 2002.
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1- 2.
dd Consistency is obtained through the application of the same accounting
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principle from period to period. A change in principle requires statement
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disclosure.
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1- 3.
dd The concept of historical cost determines the balance sheet valuation of land. The
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realization concept requires that a transaction needs to occur for the profit to be
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recognized.
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1- 4.
dd a. d d Entity e. d d Historical cost dd




b. Realization f. d d Historical cost dd




c. Materiality g. d d Disclosure

d. Conservatism

1- 5.
dd Entity conceptdd

,1- 6.
dd Generally accepted accounting principles do not apply when a firm does not
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appear to be a going concern. If the decision is made that this is not a going
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concern, then the use of GAAP would not be appropriate.
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1- 7.
dd With the time period assumption, inaccuracies of accounting for the entity, short of
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its complete life span, are accepted. The assumption is made that the entity can be
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accounted for reasonably accurately for a particular period of time. In other
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words, the decision is made to accept some inaccuracy because of incomplete
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information about the future in exchange for more timely reporting. The statements
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are considered to be meaningful because material inaccuracies are not acceptable.
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1- 8. d d d d It is true that the only accurate way to account for the success or failure of an
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dd entity is to accumulate all transactions from the opening of business until the
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dd business eventually liquidates. But it is not necessary that the statements be
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dd completely accurate in order for them to be meaningful.
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1- 9. a. A year that ends when operations are at a low ebb for the year.
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b. The accounting time period is ended on December 31.
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c. A twelve-month accounting period that ends at the end of a month other than
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December 31.
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1-10. Money.

1-11. d d d d When money does not hold a stable value, the financial statements can lose much
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dd of their significance. To the extent that money does not remain stable, it loses
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dd usefulness as the standard for measuring financial transactions.
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1-12. No. There is a problem with determining the index in order to adjust the
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statements. The items that are included in the index must be representative. In
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addition, the prices of items change because of various factors, such as quality,
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technology, and inflation.
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Yes. A reasonable adjustment to the statements can be made for inflation.
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1-13. False. An arbitrary write-off of inventory cannot be justified under the
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conservatism concept. The conservatism concept can only be applied where there
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are alternative measurements and each of these alternative measurements has
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reasonable support.
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1-14. Yes, inventory that has a market value below the historical cost should be written
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down in order to recognize a loss. This is done based upon the concept of
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conservatism. Losses that can be reasonably anticipated should be taken in
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order to reflect the least favorable effect on net income of the current period.
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, 1-15. End of production
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The realization of revenue at the completion of the production process is acceptable
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when the price of the item is known and there is a ready market.
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Receipt of cash dd dd




This method should only be used when the prospects of collection are especially
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doubtful at the time of sale.
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During production dd




This method is allowed for long-term construction projects because recognizing
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revenue on long-term construction projects as work progresses tends to give a
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fairer picture of the results for a given period in comparison with having the
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entire revenue realized in one period of time.
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1-16. It is difficult to apply the matching concept when there is no direct connection
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between the cost and revenue. Under these circumstances, accountants often
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charge off the cost in the period incurred in order to be conservative.
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1-17. If the entity can justify the use of an alternative accounting method on the basis
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that it is rational, then the change can be made.
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1-18. The accounting reports must disclose all facts that may influence the judgment of an
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informed reader. Usually this is a judgment decision for the accountant to make.
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Because of the complexity of many businesses and the increased expectations of
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the public, the full disclosure concept has become one of the most difficult concepts
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for the accountant to apply.
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1-19. There is a preference for the use of objectivity in the preparation of financial
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statements, but financial statements cannot be completely prepared based upon
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objective data; estimates must be made in many situations.
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1-20. This is a true statement. The concept of materiality allows the accountant to
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handle immaterial items in the most economical and expedient manner possible.
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1-21. Some industry practices lead to accounting reports that do not conform to generally
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accepted accounting principles. These reports are considered to be acceptable, but
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the accounting profession is making an effort to eliminate particular industry
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practices that do not conform to the normal generally accepted accounting
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principles.
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1-22. Events that fall outside of the financial transactions of the entity are not
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recorded. An example would be the loss of a major customer.
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Connected book
 image
Charles H. Gibson Financial Reporting & Analysis
Publisher: 2004 ISBN: 9780324186437 Edition: Unknown
 image
Charles H. Gibson Financial Reporting & Analysis
Publisher: 2004 ISBN: 9780324186437 Edition: Unknown

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