Business Information Systems Exam 2
Traditional File Structure - ANS-Makes it difficult for organizations to keep track of all the pieces
of data they use in a systematic way and organize these data so that they can be easily
accessed. Creates problems like data redundancy/inconsistency, program-data dependence,
inflexibility, poor security, and lack of data sharing and availability.
Data redundancy - ANS-The presence of duplicate data in multiple data files
Database management system (DBMS) - ANS-Special software to create and maintain a
database and enable individual business applications to extract the data they need without
having to create separate files or data definitions in their computer programs.
Tuple - ANS-A row or record in a relational database
Relational database - ANS-Represent data as 2D tables (called relations). Tables may also be
referred to as files. Each table contains data on an entity and its attributes. It can relate data
stored in one table to data in another as long as the two tables share a common data element.
Primary Key - ANS-Unique identifier for all the information in any row of a database table
Foreign Key - ANS-Field in a database table that enables users find related information in
another database table
Primary vs. Foreign key - ANS-Primary keys uniquely identify a record in the table. Foreign key
is a field in the table that is the primary key in another table.
"Customer ID" is the primary key of the Customer table and is the foreign key in the Order table.
HADOOP - ANS-Used for handling unstructured and semi-structured data in vast quantities, as
well as structured data. It is an open source software framework managed by the Apache
Software Foundation that enables distributed parallel processing of huge amounts of data
across inexpensive computers. It breaks a big data problem down into sub-problems, distributes
them out to many inexpensive computers
Non-relational DBMS - ANS-DBMS for working with large quantities of structured and
unstructured data that would be difficult to analyze with a relational model
DB Operations - ANS-The vehicle through which users and applications have access to data in
relational databases. Each database operation accesses one relational database
, Structured Query Language (SQL) - ANS-The standard data manipulation language for
relational database management systems. For large mainframes and midrange computers.
Referential Integrity - ANS-Rules to ensure that relationships between coupled database tables
remain consistent. Ex: When one table has a foreign key that points to another table, you may
not add a record to the table with the foreign key unless there is a corresponding record in the
linked table.
Data warehouse - ANS-A database that stores current and historical data of potential interest to
decision makers throughout the company. The data originate across various operational
transaction systems and may include data from website transactions. Consolidated for
management reporting and analysis.
Data Mart - ANS-A small data warehouse containing only a portion of the organization's data for
a specified function or population of users.
Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) - ANS-Capability for manipulating and analyzing large
volumes of data from multiple dimensions. Product, pricing, cost, region, and time period are all
different dimensions. Allows a manager to learn how many products were sold in PA in June,
etc.
Data mining - ANS-Analysis of large pools of data to find patterns and rules that OLAP cannot
find that can be used to guide decision making and predict future behavior. Types of information
obtainable from this are: associations, sequences, classifications, clusters, and forecasts.
Network Operating System (NOS) - ANS-Special software that routes and manages
communications on the network and coordinates network resources. They connect multiple
computers to each other in a network like at WPIC CHMOF
Network Interface Controller (NIC) - ANS-Connects a computer to a computer network - an
ethernet cord is an example of this,
Hubs - ANS-A very simple device that connects network components, sending a packet of data
to all other connected devices. Connects multiple Ethernet devices together, making them act
as a single segment.
Router - ANS-A communications processor used to route packets of data through different
networks, ensuring that the data sent gets to the correct address
Switch - ANS-Device to connect network components that has more intelligence than a hub and
can filter and forward data to a specified destination. A small hardware device that joins multiple
computers together within one local area network (LAN).
Traditional File Structure - ANS-Makes it difficult for organizations to keep track of all the pieces
of data they use in a systematic way and organize these data so that they can be easily
accessed. Creates problems like data redundancy/inconsistency, program-data dependence,
inflexibility, poor security, and lack of data sharing and availability.
Data redundancy - ANS-The presence of duplicate data in multiple data files
Database management system (DBMS) - ANS-Special software to create and maintain a
database and enable individual business applications to extract the data they need without
having to create separate files or data definitions in their computer programs.
Tuple - ANS-A row or record in a relational database
Relational database - ANS-Represent data as 2D tables (called relations). Tables may also be
referred to as files. Each table contains data on an entity and its attributes. It can relate data
stored in one table to data in another as long as the two tables share a common data element.
Primary Key - ANS-Unique identifier for all the information in any row of a database table
Foreign Key - ANS-Field in a database table that enables users find related information in
another database table
Primary vs. Foreign key - ANS-Primary keys uniquely identify a record in the table. Foreign key
is a field in the table that is the primary key in another table.
"Customer ID" is the primary key of the Customer table and is the foreign key in the Order table.
HADOOP - ANS-Used for handling unstructured and semi-structured data in vast quantities, as
well as structured data. It is an open source software framework managed by the Apache
Software Foundation that enables distributed parallel processing of huge amounts of data
across inexpensive computers. It breaks a big data problem down into sub-problems, distributes
them out to many inexpensive computers
Non-relational DBMS - ANS-DBMS for working with large quantities of structured and
unstructured data that would be difficult to analyze with a relational model
DB Operations - ANS-The vehicle through which users and applications have access to data in
relational databases. Each database operation accesses one relational database
, Structured Query Language (SQL) - ANS-The standard data manipulation language for
relational database management systems. For large mainframes and midrange computers.
Referential Integrity - ANS-Rules to ensure that relationships between coupled database tables
remain consistent. Ex: When one table has a foreign key that points to another table, you may
not add a record to the table with the foreign key unless there is a corresponding record in the
linked table.
Data warehouse - ANS-A database that stores current and historical data of potential interest to
decision makers throughout the company. The data originate across various operational
transaction systems and may include data from website transactions. Consolidated for
management reporting and analysis.
Data Mart - ANS-A small data warehouse containing only a portion of the organization's data for
a specified function or population of users.
Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) - ANS-Capability for manipulating and analyzing large
volumes of data from multiple dimensions. Product, pricing, cost, region, and time period are all
different dimensions. Allows a manager to learn how many products were sold in PA in June,
etc.
Data mining - ANS-Analysis of large pools of data to find patterns and rules that OLAP cannot
find that can be used to guide decision making and predict future behavior. Types of information
obtainable from this are: associations, sequences, classifications, clusters, and forecasts.
Network Operating System (NOS) - ANS-Special software that routes and manages
communications on the network and coordinates network resources. They connect multiple
computers to each other in a network like at WPIC CHMOF
Network Interface Controller (NIC) - ANS-Connects a computer to a computer network - an
ethernet cord is an example of this,
Hubs - ANS-A very simple device that connects network components, sending a packet of data
to all other connected devices. Connects multiple Ethernet devices together, making them act
as a single segment.
Router - ANS-A communications processor used to route packets of data through different
networks, ensuring that the data sent gets to the correct address
Switch - ANS-Device to connect network components that has more intelligence than a hub and
can filter and forward data to a specified destination. A small hardware device that joins multiple
computers together within one local area network (LAN).
