Charles came to throne inheriting messy 1626-
Mansfield expedition 1625- part of 3 significant military failures:
situation- Mansfield expedition was a Parliament only
anti-spanish front. soldier had been • Mansfield
complete failure, and Parliament were granted two
conscripted from the counties, had • Cadiz 1625- Charles and Buckingham decided to
angry that the subsidies they provided subsidies for
no training and were poorly attack the port of Cadiz and the spanish ships
appeared to have been wasted on this. war (250,000),
equipped, with equipment paid for by moored there. Soldiers poorly trained, ships were
This meant Charles was immediately off when Charles
the counties. Mansfield himself was rotten and 40 years old, soldiers got very drunk in
to a bad start, and probably contributed needed about
badly organised. 4,000 men died Cadiz, were ordered home. Not enough food and
to the decision to only grant Tonnage and 2 million, and
from starvation and disease, water on board and many died.
Poundage for one year- created more MPs also
remaining 2,000 never reached • Christian IV invaded northern Germany, but was
conflict as Charles then opposed this and criticised
palatinate. DISASTER. swiftly defeated by Catholic forces.
collected before and after it was granted. Buckingham on
the Mansfield French Match and Alliance:
Foreign Policy and Buckingham in 1628 Parliament disaster. • Henriette Maria
• Led failed Cadiz expedition; ‘our ships are sunk, our issued a remonstrance Caused • Arrangements began in 1624
men perished, not by the enemy...but by those we against Buckingham’s Charles to • French were catholic, but agreed when Charles
trust’-John Eliot. foreign policy failures. dissolve said he would grant freedom to English Catholic’s
• His failures is foreign policy led to Parliament trying Parliament. and allow child to be raised Catholic.
to impeach him- which caused Charles to dissolve • Charles and Buckingham had hoped that by
Parliament. This meant he was not granted four ‘Foreign marrying H-M, France would help them in the war
subsidies that he needed for war with Spain. effort.
policy was the most
• Richelieu, French Chief Minister, hated Buckingham, • Her 240,000 dowry would help fund war.
which led to France not helping England in war, significant cause of conflict
which caused Charles to declare war on France. between King and Parliament in
Break with France:
• Ile de Re disaster- lost 5000. the years 1625-29.’ Relations fell apart with France because:
• Buckingham lent English ships and crews to the
Foreign Policy and Finance French, which were to be used agains French
Buckingham reversed his foreign
• Mansfield expedition was underfunded protestant rebels, but the English mutinied rather
policy and decided to help French
• Parliament only granted two subsidies in 1626, not than attack.
enough to lead successful expeditions. protestant rebels- Huguenots. This
• France made it clear they would not join war in
was another disaster- English troops
• Parliament believed money was being wasted on Palatinate.
military disasters gained little support from Huguenots,
• First year of marriage was rocky
and did not have enough supplies to
• Parliament dissolved in 1626 because of foreign • Charles didn’t grant freedom to English Catholics
policy conflict, needed new way of making money- last very long in Ile de Re, and were
as he didn’t want to anger Parl as he needed
forced loan, hated. forced to withdraw. Less than half
money
made it back alive.
• Charles ordered most of his wife’s Catholic
Foreign Policy and the people servants out of the country in 1626- completely
Foreign Policy and Politics
• War was becoming source of resentment due to damaged relations.
billeting and rowdy behaviour of soldiers, which led to Disastrous foreign policy led to
1627- Charles declared war on France- now at war
martial laws being introduced. parliament not granting subsidies
with two most powerful countries in Europe-
and trying to impeach B- led to
impossible and disastrous foreign policy.
forced loan, and petition of right.
Mansfield expedition 1625- part of 3 significant military failures:
situation- Mansfield expedition was a Parliament only
anti-spanish front. soldier had been • Mansfield
complete failure, and Parliament were granted two
conscripted from the counties, had • Cadiz 1625- Charles and Buckingham decided to
angry that the subsidies they provided subsidies for
no training and were poorly attack the port of Cadiz and the spanish ships
appeared to have been wasted on this. war (250,000),
equipped, with equipment paid for by moored there. Soldiers poorly trained, ships were
This meant Charles was immediately off when Charles
the counties. Mansfield himself was rotten and 40 years old, soldiers got very drunk in
to a bad start, and probably contributed needed about
badly organised. 4,000 men died Cadiz, were ordered home. Not enough food and
to the decision to only grant Tonnage and 2 million, and
from starvation and disease, water on board and many died.
Poundage for one year- created more MPs also
remaining 2,000 never reached • Christian IV invaded northern Germany, but was
conflict as Charles then opposed this and criticised
palatinate. DISASTER. swiftly defeated by Catholic forces.
collected before and after it was granted. Buckingham on
the Mansfield French Match and Alliance:
Foreign Policy and Buckingham in 1628 Parliament disaster. • Henriette Maria
• Led failed Cadiz expedition; ‘our ships are sunk, our issued a remonstrance Caused • Arrangements began in 1624
men perished, not by the enemy...but by those we against Buckingham’s Charles to • French were catholic, but agreed when Charles
trust’-John Eliot. foreign policy failures. dissolve said he would grant freedom to English Catholic’s
• His failures is foreign policy led to Parliament trying Parliament. and allow child to be raised Catholic.
to impeach him- which caused Charles to dissolve • Charles and Buckingham had hoped that by
Parliament. This meant he was not granted four ‘Foreign marrying H-M, France would help them in the war
subsidies that he needed for war with Spain. effort.
policy was the most
• Richelieu, French Chief Minister, hated Buckingham, • Her 240,000 dowry would help fund war.
which led to France not helping England in war, significant cause of conflict
which caused Charles to declare war on France. between King and Parliament in
Break with France:
• Ile de Re disaster- lost 5000. the years 1625-29.’ Relations fell apart with France because:
• Buckingham lent English ships and crews to the
Foreign Policy and Finance French, which were to be used agains French
Buckingham reversed his foreign
• Mansfield expedition was underfunded protestant rebels, but the English mutinied rather
policy and decided to help French
• Parliament only granted two subsidies in 1626, not than attack.
enough to lead successful expeditions. protestant rebels- Huguenots. This
• France made it clear they would not join war in
was another disaster- English troops
• Parliament believed money was being wasted on Palatinate.
military disasters gained little support from Huguenots,
• First year of marriage was rocky
and did not have enough supplies to
• Parliament dissolved in 1626 because of foreign • Charles didn’t grant freedom to English Catholics
policy conflict, needed new way of making money- last very long in Ile de Re, and were
as he didn’t want to anger Parl as he needed
forced loan, hated. forced to withdraw. Less than half
money
made it back alive.
• Charles ordered most of his wife’s Catholic
Foreign Policy and the people servants out of the country in 1626- completely
Foreign Policy and Politics
• War was becoming source of resentment due to damaged relations.
billeting and rowdy behaviour of soldiers, which led to Disastrous foreign policy led to
1627- Charles declared war on France- now at war
martial laws being introduced. parliament not granting subsidies
with two most powerful countries in Europe-
and trying to impeach B- led to
impossible and disastrous foreign policy.
forced loan, and petition of right.
