BAYLOR ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM 2025 NEWEST UPDATE COMPLETE Q&AS

What is the probable cause of cellular swelling in the early stages of cell injury? - CORRECT ANSWER Na-K pump fails to remove intracellular Na+ The mechanism for liver damage related to chronic alcoholism is: - CORRECT ANSWER -Oxidative stress -Chemical asphyxiation Free radicals cause damage by - CORRECT ANSWER Giving up an electron, which causes injury to the chemical bonds of the cell membrane The loss of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) during ischemia causes cells to: - CORRECT ANSWER Swell because of the influx of sodium chloride During cellular injury, when the membrane becomes damaged, what is the mechanism of the cell injury? - CORRECT ANSWER Loss of permeability When a person experiences a myocardial infarction, how long before anaerobic metabolism ceases? - CORRECT ANSWER 3-4 minutes Left calf being smaller than right calf when a cast is removed is an example of: - CORRECT ANSWER Left calf being smaller than right calf when a cast is removed is an example of: Which would not shift the blood pH toward alkalosis? - CORRECT ANSWER Hydrogen ion secretion into urine -Exhalation of carbon dioxide. True or False: Neutrophils are the predominant phagocyte of early inflammation. - CORRECT ANSWER True True or False: Phagocytosis is the destruction of microorganisms and cellular debris. - CORRECT ANSWER True 2 | Page True or False: Adaptive immunity can only be passive. - CORRECT ANSWER False True or False: The human neonate initially has poor production of IgG. - CORRECT ANSWER True True or False: Inappropriate immune responses against the host's own tissues is termed alloimmunity. - CORRECT ANSWER False The process of infection includes: colonization, __________________, multiplication, and spread. - CORRECT ANSWER invasion Clinical infections occur in four distinct stages: incubation period, __________________ state, invasion period, and convalescence. - CORRECT ANSWER prodromal The hallmark of most infectious disease is: - CORRECT ANSWER fever Polycythemia Vera is a chronic neoplastic condition that occurs when there is an ________________of RBCs also causing splenomegaly. - CORRECT ANSWER overproduction True or False: Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn resulting from Rh incompatibility is more severe than that stemming from ABO incompatibility. - CORRECT ANSWER True A 62-year-old woman comes into the clinic complaining of being tired. Upon examination, you notice she is pale, has sores in the corners of her mouth accompanied by a red tongue, and has concave fingernails. Which type of anemia do you suspect? - CORRECT ANSWER Iron-deficiency RhoGAM should be given to an Rh-negative mother within _________hours of exposure to Rh-positive fetal blood. - CORRECT ANSWER 72