Health and Social Care: Unit 1 - Human Lifespan Development
Questions and Correct Answers Graded A+
3 months to 7 months (Schaffer and Emerson) - ansInfants distinguish difference between main caregiver and
others but will accept care from anyone
4 principles of growth - ans- Rates are constant
- Different parts of the body grow at different times
- Boys usually grow faster than girls, tend to grow taller than women.
- Growth rates vary between children
No individuals grow at the same time, not even twins
Continuous but rate not smooth
7 months to 9 months (Schaffer and Emerson) - ansInfant looks for particular person for security, comfort and
protection
Stranger anxiety and separation anxiety
9 months + (Schaffer and Emerson) - ansBaby comes more independent and can form multiple attachments
absolute poverty - ansa minimum level of subsistence that no family should be expected to live below, can't
afford basic resources like food, clothing, bills.
Accommodation (Piaget) - ansChanging or altering existing schemas in light of new information, type of
adaptation e.g. old schema is changed and developed
Active theory - ansHavinghurst 1960's recognised that:
- social and psychological needs of older people remain the same
- elderly adjust to their changes in health and mobility
,- elderly take on new roles such as charity work and attending social groups.
Acute care - ansHealthcare that need immediate assistance - broken hip
Adolescence - ans9 - 18 years
Adolescence emotional changes - ans- moods and feeling - irritable and sad due to increase in hormones
- sensitivity to others - still learning about understanding and reading others emotions
- self consciousness - comparing bodies (body's changing)
- decision making
Adolescence social changes - ans- identity (positive/negative)
- independence
- responsibility - new experiences
- influences (peer pressure)
- security in friendship groups - interests
Adults behaviour when having childhood attachments - ans- Ability to forgive
- Should respect others differences
- Ability to be compassionate
Adults relationships when having a lack in attachments - ans- Inability to form close relationships with partners
- Understanding other peoples point of views
- May find it difficult to trust criminal behaviour
Ageing population - ansa population with a rising average age
+ people living longer, healthier lives
, + people working longer and contributing to society
+ helps younger people with childcare
- financial cost to society/increased taxes
- cost of pensions, people retire at an older age because government can't afford it
- increased care facilities
- strain on housing/hospitals/social care
- more people ill
Ainsworth's Strange Situation Test - emotional development - ansstudied reactions of children when parted
from a a parent.
There are 3 different types of attachments
- Secure attachment: Parent in tune with child, is emotional and distressed if caregiver leaves, happy with
strangers if caregiver is present. Seek comfort from caregiver when they are upset.
- Insecure/avoidant: Parent is unavailable to child (rejects them) child won't show distress when they leave,
may even go to strangers for comfort
- Insecure/resistant: Parent is inconsistent in meeting child's needs. Child shows distress when primary
caregiver leaves but resists contact on their return - anxious and insecure.
alcohol - ans14 units is the maximum
Drinking over this causes risk of mouth/throat/breast/bowel cancer, liver/heart disease
More risk of accidents happening
Unplanned pregnancy
Allergies - ansCaused by imitates such as dust and pollen causing the immune system to overreact e.g. asthma
attacks can cause difficulty breathing as airways become inflamed and constricted.
Arguments for Social Disengagement Theory - ans- Many old people do remain socially active + involved with
family and friends e.g. spend more time with family and friends e.g. children and grandchildren
- joining new social groups and clubs
Questions and Correct Answers Graded A+
3 months to 7 months (Schaffer and Emerson) - ansInfants distinguish difference between main caregiver and
others but will accept care from anyone
4 principles of growth - ans- Rates are constant
- Different parts of the body grow at different times
- Boys usually grow faster than girls, tend to grow taller than women.
- Growth rates vary between children
No individuals grow at the same time, not even twins
Continuous but rate not smooth
7 months to 9 months (Schaffer and Emerson) - ansInfant looks for particular person for security, comfort and
protection
Stranger anxiety and separation anxiety
9 months + (Schaffer and Emerson) - ansBaby comes more independent and can form multiple attachments
absolute poverty - ansa minimum level of subsistence that no family should be expected to live below, can't
afford basic resources like food, clothing, bills.
Accommodation (Piaget) - ansChanging or altering existing schemas in light of new information, type of
adaptation e.g. old schema is changed and developed
Active theory - ansHavinghurst 1960's recognised that:
- social and psychological needs of older people remain the same
- elderly adjust to their changes in health and mobility
,- elderly take on new roles such as charity work and attending social groups.
Acute care - ansHealthcare that need immediate assistance - broken hip
Adolescence - ans9 - 18 years
Adolescence emotional changes - ans- moods and feeling - irritable and sad due to increase in hormones
- sensitivity to others - still learning about understanding and reading others emotions
- self consciousness - comparing bodies (body's changing)
- decision making
Adolescence social changes - ans- identity (positive/negative)
- independence
- responsibility - new experiences
- influences (peer pressure)
- security in friendship groups - interests
Adults behaviour when having childhood attachments - ans- Ability to forgive
- Should respect others differences
- Ability to be compassionate
Adults relationships when having a lack in attachments - ans- Inability to form close relationships with partners
- Understanding other peoples point of views
- May find it difficult to trust criminal behaviour
Ageing population - ansa population with a rising average age
+ people living longer, healthier lives
, + people working longer and contributing to society
+ helps younger people with childcare
- financial cost to society/increased taxes
- cost of pensions, people retire at an older age because government can't afford it
- increased care facilities
- strain on housing/hospitals/social care
- more people ill
Ainsworth's Strange Situation Test - emotional development - ansstudied reactions of children when parted
from a a parent.
There are 3 different types of attachments
- Secure attachment: Parent in tune with child, is emotional and distressed if caregiver leaves, happy with
strangers if caregiver is present. Seek comfort from caregiver when they are upset.
- Insecure/avoidant: Parent is unavailable to child (rejects them) child won't show distress when they leave,
may even go to strangers for comfort
- Insecure/resistant: Parent is inconsistent in meeting child's needs. Child shows distress when primary
caregiver leaves but resists contact on their return - anxious and insecure.
alcohol - ans14 units is the maximum
Drinking over this causes risk of mouth/throat/breast/bowel cancer, liver/heart disease
More risk of accidents happening
Unplanned pregnancy
Allergies - ansCaused by imitates such as dust and pollen causing the immune system to overreact e.g. asthma
attacks can cause difficulty breathing as airways become inflamed and constricted.
Arguments for Social Disengagement Theory - ans- Many old people do remain socially active + involved with
family and friends e.g. spend more time with family and friends e.g. children and grandchildren
- joining new social groups and clubs
