Genetics Chapter 18 Gene Mutations
and DNA Repair Exam Q’s and A’s
Classify each definition or example as a somatic mutation, gametic (germ
line) mutation, or both. - -HW
- The given DNA non-template sequence (coding sequence) is transcribed
from 5' to 3'. Use the sequence to determine the type of mutation and the
type of base substitutions that apply to each scenario. Place only one
statement for each scenario.
5' A T G T T A C G C C C A A G C 3' - -HW
- In recent years, advances in medical theraputic technologies have
increased survival of children with cancer. However, some therapies such as
high-dose radiation can result in increased gametic (germline) mutations in
treated individuals. These gametic mutations may alter the sex ratio of the
offspring of childhood cancer survivors.
Which scenarios correctly describe how a specific gametic mutation might
alter the sex ratio in the offspring of a childhood cancer survivor? - -A
reduction in the frequency of female births can indicate that a dominant
lethal gametic mutation has occurred on the paternal X chromosome.
A decrease in the number of male births can suggest that a recessive lethal
gametic mutation has occurred on the X chromosome of the mother
- An alteration in the nucleotide sequence of a gene can alter the gene
product.
Each sentence is made up of three-letter words, representing mRNA codons.
THE RED ANT RAN
THE FOX WAS RED
SHE HAS THE DOG
The same sentences are written with a substitution, deletion, or insertion,
much as a gene may have a substitution, deletion, or insertion mutation.
Identify which sentence represents a substitution, which represents a
deletion, and which represents an insertion. - -Substitution: THE FOX WTS
RED
Deletion:
SHE HAS THE DG
INSERTION:
THE RED ANA TRA N
, - Classify each mutation example as definitely positive, definitely negative,
or most likely neutral. Each category has two examples. - -HW
- Suppose in a hospital in the United Kingdom, out of 98,543 of babies born
in the last 20 years, 1313 children were born with myotonic dystrophy.
Myotonic dystrophy is caused by an autosomal dominant mutation in the
dystrophia myotonica protein kinase gene, DMPK. Myotonic dystrophy causes
progressive muscle weakness, cataracts, and difficulty relaxing clenched
hands. Of the 1313 affected children, only 3 were born to a parent with a
DMPK mutation.
Given this information, what is the mutation rate of the DMPK gene? - -HW
- A template strand of DNA contains the nucleotide sequence.
Use the codon table to translate the amino acid sequence for each mutation.
Match the translated amino acid sequence to the appropriate mutation. All
amino acid sequences are written in the amino-to-carboxyl direction. - -HW
- Which type of DNA mutation results in a change in the reading frame of an
mRNA? - -deletion of a single nucleotide
- Use the Mutation interactive to answer the question.
In the lower half of the interactive, change the template DNA strand such
that the sequence
...AACCTG......AACCTG...
is changed to
...AACTTG......AACTTG...
Which of the terms correctly describes this type of mutation?
If this mutation occurred in a protein-coding gene, how would it be classified?
- -Substitution
Nonsense mutation
- The table contains the DNA sequence for a segment of the human insulin
gene and the same DNA sequence with a mutation.
Original sequence
ATG GAA TAA AGC CCT TGA ACC AGC
Mutated sequence
ATG GAA TAA AGG CCT TGA ACC AGC
Which type of mutation occurred in the original sequence to generate the
mutated sequence? - -Substitution
and DNA Repair Exam Q’s and A’s
Classify each definition or example as a somatic mutation, gametic (germ
line) mutation, or both. - -HW
- The given DNA non-template sequence (coding sequence) is transcribed
from 5' to 3'. Use the sequence to determine the type of mutation and the
type of base substitutions that apply to each scenario. Place only one
statement for each scenario.
5' A T G T T A C G C C C A A G C 3' - -HW
- In recent years, advances in medical theraputic technologies have
increased survival of children with cancer. However, some therapies such as
high-dose radiation can result in increased gametic (germline) mutations in
treated individuals. These gametic mutations may alter the sex ratio of the
offspring of childhood cancer survivors.
Which scenarios correctly describe how a specific gametic mutation might
alter the sex ratio in the offspring of a childhood cancer survivor? - -A
reduction in the frequency of female births can indicate that a dominant
lethal gametic mutation has occurred on the paternal X chromosome.
A decrease in the number of male births can suggest that a recessive lethal
gametic mutation has occurred on the X chromosome of the mother
- An alteration in the nucleotide sequence of a gene can alter the gene
product.
Each sentence is made up of three-letter words, representing mRNA codons.
THE RED ANT RAN
THE FOX WAS RED
SHE HAS THE DOG
The same sentences are written with a substitution, deletion, or insertion,
much as a gene may have a substitution, deletion, or insertion mutation.
Identify which sentence represents a substitution, which represents a
deletion, and which represents an insertion. - -Substitution: THE FOX WTS
RED
Deletion:
SHE HAS THE DG
INSERTION:
THE RED ANA TRA N
, - Classify each mutation example as definitely positive, definitely negative,
or most likely neutral. Each category has two examples. - -HW
- Suppose in a hospital in the United Kingdom, out of 98,543 of babies born
in the last 20 years, 1313 children were born with myotonic dystrophy.
Myotonic dystrophy is caused by an autosomal dominant mutation in the
dystrophia myotonica protein kinase gene, DMPK. Myotonic dystrophy causes
progressive muscle weakness, cataracts, and difficulty relaxing clenched
hands. Of the 1313 affected children, only 3 were born to a parent with a
DMPK mutation.
Given this information, what is the mutation rate of the DMPK gene? - -HW
- A template strand of DNA contains the nucleotide sequence.
Use the codon table to translate the amino acid sequence for each mutation.
Match the translated amino acid sequence to the appropriate mutation. All
amino acid sequences are written in the amino-to-carboxyl direction. - -HW
- Which type of DNA mutation results in a change in the reading frame of an
mRNA? - -deletion of a single nucleotide
- Use the Mutation interactive to answer the question.
In the lower half of the interactive, change the template DNA strand such
that the sequence
...AACCTG......AACCTG...
is changed to
...AACTTG......AACTTG...
Which of the terms correctly describes this type of mutation?
If this mutation occurred in a protein-coding gene, how would it be classified?
- -Substitution
Nonsense mutation
- The table contains the DNA sequence for a segment of the human insulin
gene and the same DNA sequence with a mutation.
Original sequence
ATG GAA TAA AGC CCT TGA ACC AGC
Mutated sequence
ATG GAA TAA AGG CCT TGA ACC AGC
Which type of mutation occurred in the original sequence to generate the
mutated sequence? - -Substitution
