Test Bank For Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology: Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition by (Capriotti), Chapter 1 - 46 Download as Pdf File

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TestBankforDavisAdvantageforPathophysiology:
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gIntroductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives 3rd g g g g g




gEdition by Capriotti A+ g g g




Chapter1:TheCellinHealthandIllness Multiple g g g g g g g g




Choices:
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Identifythe choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. Which statement regarding the sodium-potassium pump is correct?
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1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
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2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
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3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell compartment.
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4. Activetransport involves pumpingout threesodium ions and pumpingin two potassium ions.
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2. Whichcellularfunction generates thesame amountof energyinthe absenceof
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goxygen as it does in the presence of oxygen?
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1. Dissipationof pyruvic acid g g g




2. Initiation of the citric acid cycle g g g g g




3. Activation of acetyl-coenzyme A g g g




4. Creation of acidosis via lactic acid g g g g g




3. Howmanyadenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic energy
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metabolism?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 34
4. 53



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4. Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy
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needs?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic acids g




4. Deoxyribonucleic acids g




5. Which option best explains whymore energyis produced when a person is
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exercising?
1. Exercisecauses an increase in the synthesis of protein.
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2. Thereis an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
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3. Theconversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased byexercise.
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4. Musclecells havemoremitochondriatomeet energydemands. 024
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6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease?
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1. During endoplasmic reticulum stress
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2. Duringthe synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
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3. During severe hypoxia g g




4. During the processing of prohormone
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7. Whichcellularcomponentsareresponsible forpropellingmucusandinhaled
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gdebris out of the lungs?
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1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
3. Secretoryvesicles g




4. Endoplasmic reticula g




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8. What are the keyproteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells?
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1. Actin and myosin
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2. Prohormoneand tubulin g g




3. Tubulin and actin g g




4. Myosin and prohormone
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9. Which deficiencycauses Tay-Sachs disease? g g g g




1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes g




10. Which of the following is a characteristic of adrenoleukodystrophy?
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1. Accumulation of ganglioside g g




2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis
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3. Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity g g g g




4. Accumulation of long-chain fattyacids in the nervous system g g g g g g g g




11. Which statement regarding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is correct?
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1. During ER stress, proteins are rapidlydegraded.
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2. DuringER stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations.
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3. During ER stress, long-chain fattyacids accumulate in the nervous system.
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4. During ER stress, nondegraded substances accumulate in the cells.
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12. Which statement regardingmitochondria is correct?
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1. Mitochondrial DNA is identical to nuclear DNA. g g g g g g




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2. Mitochondria reproduce in response to an increased need for ATP. g g g g g g g g g




3. Mitochondria are primarilyobtained from sperm during human fertilization.g g g g g g g g




4. Mitochondrial DNA is immune to the effects of free radicals. g g g g g g g g g




13. Anewbornpatientexhibitscharacteristicsofseverephysicaldeformities.Which
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gcellular component is examined to determine the cause and probability of the disease being
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ggenetically transferred?
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1. Transfer RNA g




2. Ribosomal RNA g




3. Double helix of DNA g g g




4. Mitochondrial DNA g




14. Ahikerexperiencesmusclepain and acidosis whileascendingahigh, steep
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gmountain. Which option is the reason for these manifestations?
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1. Cellular hypoxia g




2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellularedema g




15. Which factor accounts for DNA’s unique molecular abilityto replicate?
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1. The pairingof nitrogenous bases
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2. The presence of pyrimidine bases
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3. The presence of nucleotides
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4. Thenitrogenous base and phosphate bond
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16. How manynitrogenous bases compose a single codon?
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1. 2


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