NUR 128 - Maternity And Pediatric Nursing,
Ch. 10, 11, 12 -- Ricci, Kyle & Carman
Fourth Edition
Fetal bcirculation bdiffers bfrom bthe bcirculatory bpath bof bthe bnewborn binfant. bIn butero
bthe bfetus bhas ba bhole bconnecting bthe bright band bleft batria bof bthe bheart. bThis ballows
boxygenated bblood bto bquickly bpass bto bthe bmajor borgans bof bthe bbody. bWhat bis bthis
bhole bcalled? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Foramen bovale
bExplanation:
The bforamen bovale bis ba bhole bthat bconnects bthe bright band bleft batria bso bthe
bmajority bof boxygenated bblood bcan bquickly bpass binto bthe bleft bside bof bthe bfetal
bheart, bgo bto bthe bbrain, band bmove bto bthe brest bof bthe bfetal bbody.
A bnursing bstudent bis bexplaining bto ba bnewly bpregnant bwoman bwhat bhappens
bduring beach bstage bof bfetal bdevelopment. bAt bwhich bstage bdoes bthe bnurse binform
bthe bwoman bthat bthe blungs bare bfully bshaped? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔end bof b16
bweeks
bExplanation:
At bthe bend bof b16 bweeks, bthe blungs bare bfully bshaped, bfetus bswallows bamniotic
bfluid, bskeletal bstructure bis bidentifiable, bdowny blanugo bhair bis bpresent bon bthe bbody,
band bsex bcan bbe bdetermined busing bultrasound.
A bpregnant bclient bis bscheduled bto bundergo bchorionic bvillus bsampling b(CVS) bto brule
bout bany bbirth bdefects. bIdeally, bwhen bshould bthis btesting bbe bcompleted? b- bcorrect
banswers✔✔10 bto b12 bweeks' bgestation
bExplanation:
Chorionic bvillus bsampling b(CVS) bis btypically bperformed bbetween b10 bto b12 bweeks'
bgestation. bSometimes bit bmay bbe boffered bup bto b14 bweeks. bThe btest bis bnot
bconducted bbefore b10 bweeks' bgestation.
,A bcouple bhas bjust bbeen bnotified bthat btheir bunborn bchild bcarries ba bgenetic bdisorder.
bThe bcouple bexpresses bconcern bthat bthe binsurance bcompany bwill bnot bcover bthe
bcosts bassociated bwith bthe bmedical bbills bfor bthe bchild. bWhat bis bthe bmost
bappropriate bresponse bby bthe bnurse? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔"There bare blaws bin
bplace bthat bprohibit bthat bfrom bhappening."
bExplanation:
The bGenetic bInformation bNondiscrimination bAct bof b2008 bprohibits binsurance
bcompanies bfrom bdenying bcoverage bor bcharging bhigher bpremiums bbased bsolely bon
bgenetic bpredisposition.
The bnurse bis bseeing ba bclient bwho bis bgoing bto bbe bmarried bin ba bmonth. bThis bclient
bhas ba bhistory bof bHuntington bdisease bin bher bfamily. bThe bgenetic btesting bhas bcome
bback, band bthe bclient bhas bjust bbeen btold bshe bcarries bthe bgene bfor bHuntington
bdisease band bwill bdevelop bthe bdisease bwhen bshe bgets bolder. bThe bclient basks bthe
bnurse bif bthis binformation bis bconfidential band bif bit bwill bremain bthat bway. bThe bnurse
bexplains bto bthe bclient bthat bher bfamily bshould bbe btold band bso bshould bher bfiancé.
bThe bclient bforcefully btells bthe bnurse b"no." bShe bis bnot bgoing bto btell beither bher
bfamily bor bher bfiancé. bWhat bis bthe bnurse's bbest bresponse? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔"I
bwill brespect byour bwishes band bkeep byour binformation bconfidential. bI bdo bwish byou
bwould breconsider bthough."
bExplanation:
The bnurse bmust bhonor bthe bclient's bwishes band bshould bbe bsure bthe bclient bis
baware bthat bthis baction bwill bbe bdone. bAlthough bthe bnurse bmay bask bthe bclient bto
bconsider bthe bpotential bbenefit bthis binformation bmay bhave bfor bother bfamily
bmembers, bthis breply bis bnot bthe bcritical bor bbest bone. bThe bother btwo breplies bshould
bnot bbe bstated, bbecause bthe bnurse bhas bto bhonor bthe bwishes bof bthe bclient.
A bpregnant bwoman basks bthe bnurse babout bmedications btaken bduring bpregnancy
band bif bthey bcross bthe bplacental bbarrier. bWhat bresponse bby bthe bnurse bis
bappropriate? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔"Some bmedications bcross bthe bplacental bbarrier,
bso bbe bsure bto bdiscuss bmedications bwith byour bprovider."
bExplanation:
Some bmedications bcross bthe bplacental bbarrier, bso bthe bnurse bwill bencourage bthe
bwoman bto btalk bmore bspecifically bwith bher bprovider. bThe bnurse bwould bbe bin berror
bto bstate bthat ball bor bnone bcross bthe bplacental bbarrier. bRegardless bof bthe broute,
bsome bmedications bcross bthe bbarrier band bare bunsafe bduring bpregnancy. bThe bfirst
btrimester bis bthe bmost bdangerous btime bto btake ba bmedication bthat bcrosses bthe
bplacental bbarrier.
A bclient bat ba bpreconception bscreening bappointment bindicates bto bthe bnurse bthat
bshe bis ba bcarrier bof bmuscular bdystrophy, ban bX-linked brecessive btrait. bHer bpartner
bdoes bnot bhave bthe btrait. bWhich bstatement bmade bby bthe bclient bindicates ban
bunderstanding bof bthe bimplications? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔"Each btime bI bhave ba
bchild, bthere bis ba b25% bchance ba bfemale bchild bwill bbe ba bcarrier."
bExplanation:
,X-linked brecessive binheritance baffects bmore bmales bthan bfemales. bThere bis bno
bmale-to-male btransmission bbut bany bman bwho bis baffected bwith ban bX-linked
brecessive bdisorder bwill bhave bcarrier bdaughters. bIf ba bwoman bis ba bcarrier, bthere bis
ba b25% bchance bshe bwill bhave ban b"affected bson," ba b25% bchance bthat bher
bdaughter bwill bbe ba b"carrier," ba b25% bchance bthat bshe bwill bhave ban b"unaffected"
bson, band ba b25% bchance bher bdaughter bwill bbe ba b"noncarrier."
The bnurse bis bworking bfor ban bobstetrician. bWhich bcouple(s) bmay bbenefit bfrom
bgenetic bcounseling? bSelect ball bthat bapply. b- bcorrect banswers✔✔The bfather-to-be
bis b58 byears bold.
The bparents-to-be bare bcousins.
The bparents-to-be bare bof bAfrican bheritage.
The bparents-to-be bhave ba bchild bwho bwas bborn bblind band bdeaf.
bExplanation:
People bwho bshould breceive bgenetic bcounseling bprior bto bour bduring bpregnancy:
bcouple bwhere bthe bfather bis bolder bthan b50 byears bof bage, bif bthe bcouple bhave bat
bleast bone bcommon bancestor b(consanguinity), bcouple bwith bone bor bboth bparents
bwith bAfrican bheritage, band bcouple bwho bhave ba bbiologic bchild bwho bwas bborn bblind
bor bdeaf. bA bmother-to-be bolder bthan b35 byears bof bage bmay balso bbenefit bfrom
bgenetic bcounselingterm-8.
The bterm bthat bdescribes bthe bpercentage bof bindividuals bknown bto bcarry bthe bgene
bfor ba btrait band bwho bactually bmanifest bthe bcondition bis: b- bcorrect
banswers✔✔penetrance.
bExplanation:
Penetrance bis bthe bpercentage bof bpersons bknown bto bhave ba bparticular bgene
bmutation band bwho bactually bshow bthe btrait. bPedigree bis ba bfirst bstep bin bestablishing
bthe bpattern bof binheritance. bA bgenotype bconsists bof bthe bgenes band bvariations
btherein bthat ba bperson binherits bfrom bhis bor bher bparents. bVariable bexpression bis
bthe bvariation bin bthe bdegree bto bwhich ba btrait bis bmanifested.
A bclient bwith bsymptoms bof bpregnancy bis bhaving ban bultrasound bis bto bdetermine bthe
bgestation bof bthe bpregnancy. bThe bnurse bexplains bthat bthe bvisualization bof bdifferent
bdevelopmental bmilestones bcorrelates bwith bthe bgestation bof bthe bpregnancy. bPlace
bthe bfollowing bdevelopmental bmilestones bin border, bfrom bearliest bto blatest, bas bthey
bappear bduring bthe bfirst btrimester. bUse ball boptions. b- bcorrect
banswers✔✔Gestational bsac
Cardiac bpulsation
Spine bformation
Formation bof blimb bbuds
bExplanation:
A bgestational bsac bappears bbetween b4 bto b5 bweeks' bgestation. bCardiac bpulsation
bbegins bat b6 bweeks' bgestation, bthe bspine bis bvisible bat b7 bweeks' bgestation, band
bevidence bof bfour blimb bbuds bis bpresent bat b8 bweeks' bgestation.
, At ba bprenatal bcheckup bwith ba bclient bat b7 bweeks' bgestation, bthe bnurse bwould
bidentify bwhat bas ba bnormal bfinding? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Fetal bheart bsounds bare
bheard.
bExplanation:
Although bthe bheart bis bnot bfully bdeveloped, bit bbegins bto bbeat bat bweek b5, band ba
bregular brhythm band bcan bbe bheard bat bweek b7. bQuickening bis bfelt baround bweek
b13. bGender bidentity bcan bbe bdetermined bat bweeks b9 bto b12. bThe bstartle breflex bcan
bbe bseen baround bweeks b21 bto b24.
A brecently bmarried bcouple bcome bto bthe bprenatal bclinic bbecause bthey bare
bconcerned babout bgenetic btesting. bThe bhusband bis bof bJewish bheritage. bThe bnurse
bshould brecommend bthe bcouple bundergo bgenetic btesting bto bdetermine bif bthe bfetus
bhas bwhich bdisorder bcommon bamong bAshkenazi bJews b(Jews bof bEastern bEuropean
blineage)? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Tay-Sachs bdisease
bExplanation:
Tays-Sachs bdisease bis ba bautosomal brecessive bdisorder bthat boccurs bprimarily bin
bAshkenazi bJews.
A bmother bhas bcome bto bthe bclinic bwith bher b13-year-old bdaughter bto bfind bout bwhy
bshe bhas bnot bstarted bher bmenses. bAfter ba bthorough bexamination band bhistory,
bgenetic btesting bis bprescribed bto brule bout bwhich babnormality? b- bcorrect
banswers✔✔Turner bsyndrome
bExplanation:
Turner bsyndrome bis ba bcommon babnormality bof bthe bsex bchromosome bin bwhich ba
bportion bor ball bof bthe bX bchromosome bis bmissing. bOnly babout bone bthird bof bthe
bcases bare bdiagnosed bas bnewborns; bthe bremaining btwo bthirds bare bdiagnosed bin
bearly badolescence bwhen bthey bexperience bprimary bamenorrhea. bNo bcure bexists bfor
bthis bsyndrome. bHormone breplacement btherapy bmay bbe bused bto binduce bpuberty.
A bnurse boverhears ba bcolleague btell ba bclient bthat bbased bon bthe bgenetic btesting
bresults bshe bshould bterminate bthe bpregnancy. bWhich baction bis bmost bappropriate
bfor bthe bnurse bto btake? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Immediately bstop bthe bnurse.
bExplanation:
The bnurse bshould binterrupt bthe bnurse band bremind bhim bor bher bthat bit bis bimportant
bnot bto bimpose bpersonal bvalues bonto bthe bclient.
When beducating bparents bon brecessive bgenetic bdisease bstatistics, bthe bnurse
bunderstands bthat bwhich bstatement bby bthe bparents bindicates ban baccurate
bunderstanding bof bgenetic binheritance? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔"Each bchild bwill bhave
ba b25% bchance bof bdeveloping bthe bdisease."
bExplanation:
The bstatistics bof binheritance bare breset bwith beach bpregnancy; btherefore, beach
bpregnancy bhas bthe bsame bstatistical bprobability bof bdisplaying bthe bgenetic bdisease.
Ch. 10, 11, 12 -- Ricci, Kyle & Carman
Fourth Edition
Fetal bcirculation bdiffers bfrom bthe bcirculatory bpath bof bthe bnewborn binfant. bIn butero
bthe bfetus bhas ba bhole bconnecting bthe bright band bleft batria bof bthe bheart. bThis ballows
boxygenated bblood bto bquickly bpass bto bthe bmajor borgans bof bthe bbody. bWhat bis bthis
bhole bcalled? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Foramen bovale
bExplanation:
The bforamen bovale bis ba bhole bthat bconnects bthe bright band bleft batria bso bthe
bmajority bof boxygenated bblood bcan bquickly bpass binto bthe bleft bside bof bthe bfetal
bheart, bgo bto bthe bbrain, band bmove bto bthe brest bof bthe bfetal bbody.
A bnursing bstudent bis bexplaining bto ba bnewly bpregnant bwoman bwhat bhappens
bduring beach bstage bof bfetal bdevelopment. bAt bwhich bstage bdoes bthe bnurse binform
bthe bwoman bthat bthe blungs bare bfully bshaped? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔end bof b16
bweeks
bExplanation:
At bthe bend bof b16 bweeks, bthe blungs bare bfully bshaped, bfetus bswallows bamniotic
bfluid, bskeletal bstructure bis bidentifiable, bdowny blanugo bhair bis bpresent bon bthe bbody,
band bsex bcan bbe bdetermined busing bultrasound.
A bpregnant bclient bis bscheduled bto bundergo bchorionic bvillus bsampling b(CVS) bto brule
bout bany bbirth bdefects. bIdeally, bwhen bshould bthis btesting bbe bcompleted? b- bcorrect
banswers✔✔10 bto b12 bweeks' bgestation
bExplanation:
Chorionic bvillus bsampling b(CVS) bis btypically bperformed bbetween b10 bto b12 bweeks'
bgestation. bSometimes bit bmay bbe boffered bup bto b14 bweeks. bThe btest bis bnot
bconducted bbefore b10 bweeks' bgestation.
,A bcouple bhas bjust bbeen bnotified bthat btheir bunborn bchild bcarries ba bgenetic bdisorder.
bThe bcouple bexpresses bconcern bthat bthe binsurance bcompany bwill bnot bcover bthe
bcosts bassociated bwith bthe bmedical bbills bfor bthe bchild. bWhat bis bthe bmost
bappropriate bresponse bby bthe bnurse? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔"There bare blaws bin
bplace bthat bprohibit bthat bfrom bhappening."
bExplanation:
The bGenetic bInformation bNondiscrimination bAct bof b2008 bprohibits binsurance
bcompanies bfrom bdenying bcoverage bor bcharging bhigher bpremiums bbased bsolely bon
bgenetic bpredisposition.
The bnurse bis bseeing ba bclient bwho bis bgoing bto bbe bmarried bin ba bmonth. bThis bclient
bhas ba bhistory bof bHuntington bdisease bin bher bfamily. bThe bgenetic btesting bhas bcome
bback, band bthe bclient bhas bjust bbeen btold bshe bcarries bthe bgene bfor bHuntington
bdisease band bwill bdevelop bthe bdisease bwhen bshe bgets bolder. bThe bclient basks bthe
bnurse bif bthis binformation bis bconfidential band bif bit bwill bremain bthat bway. bThe bnurse
bexplains bto bthe bclient bthat bher bfamily bshould bbe btold band bso bshould bher bfiancé.
bThe bclient bforcefully btells bthe bnurse b"no." bShe bis bnot bgoing bto btell beither bher
bfamily bor bher bfiancé. bWhat bis bthe bnurse's bbest bresponse? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔"I
bwill brespect byour bwishes band bkeep byour binformation bconfidential. bI bdo bwish byou
bwould breconsider bthough."
bExplanation:
The bnurse bmust bhonor bthe bclient's bwishes band bshould bbe bsure bthe bclient bis
baware bthat bthis baction bwill bbe bdone. bAlthough bthe bnurse bmay bask bthe bclient bto
bconsider bthe bpotential bbenefit bthis binformation bmay bhave bfor bother bfamily
bmembers, bthis breply bis bnot bthe bcritical bor bbest bone. bThe bother btwo breplies bshould
bnot bbe bstated, bbecause bthe bnurse bhas bto bhonor bthe bwishes bof bthe bclient.
A bpregnant bwoman basks bthe bnurse babout bmedications btaken bduring bpregnancy
band bif bthey bcross bthe bplacental bbarrier. bWhat bresponse bby bthe bnurse bis
bappropriate? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔"Some bmedications bcross bthe bplacental bbarrier,
bso bbe bsure bto bdiscuss bmedications bwith byour bprovider."
bExplanation:
Some bmedications bcross bthe bplacental bbarrier, bso bthe bnurse bwill bencourage bthe
bwoman bto btalk bmore bspecifically bwith bher bprovider. bThe bnurse bwould bbe bin berror
bto bstate bthat ball bor bnone bcross bthe bplacental bbarrier. bRegardless bof bthe broute,
bsome bmedications bcross bthe bbarrier band bare bunsafe bduring bpregnancy. bThe bfirst
btrimester bis bthe bmost bdangerous btime bto btake ba bmedication bthat bcrosses bthe
bplacental bbarrier.
A bclient bat ba bpreconception bscreening bappointment bindicates bto bthe bnurse bthat
bshe bis ba bcarrier bof bmuscular bdystrophy, ban bX-linked brecessive btrait. bHer bpartner
bdoes bnot bhave bthe btrait. bWhich bstatement bmade bby bthe bclient bindicates ban
bunderstanding bof bthe bimplications? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔"Each btime bI bhave ba
bchild, bthere bis ba b25% bchance ba bfemale bchild bwill bbe ba bcarrier."
bExplanation:
,X-linked brecessive binheritance baffects bmore bmales bthan bfemales. bThere bis bno
bmale-to-male btransmission bbut bany bman bwho bis baffected bwith ban bX-linked
brecessive bdisorder bwill bhave bcarrier bdaughters. bIf ba bwoman bis ba bcarrier, bthere bis
ba b25% bchance bshe bwill bhave ban b"affected bson," ba b25% bchance bthat bher
bdaughter bwill bbe ba b"carrier," ba b25% bchance bthat bshe bwill bhave ban b"unaffected"
bson, band ba b25% bchance bher bdaughter bwill bbe ba b"noncarrier."
The bnurse bis bworking bfor ban bobstetrician. bWhich bcouple(s) bmay bbenefit bfrom
bgenetic bcounseling? bSelect ball bthat bapply. b- bcorrect banswers✔✔The bfather-to-be
bis b58 byears bold.
The bparents-to-be bare bcousins.
The bparents-to-be bare bof bAfrican bheritage.
The bparents-to-be bhave ba bchild bwho bwas bborn bblind band bdeaf.
bExplanation:
People bwho bshould breceive bgenetic bcounseling bprior bto bour bduring bpregnancy:
bcouple bwhere bthe bfather bis bolder bthan b50 byears bof bage, bif bthe bcouple bhave bat
bleast bone bcommon bancestor b(consanguinity), bcouple bwith bone bor bboth bparents
bwith bAfrican bheritage, band bcouple bwho bhave ba bbiologic bchild bwho bwas bborn bblind
bor bdeaf. bA bmother-to-be bolder bthan b35 byears bof bage bmay balso bbenefit bfrom
bgenetic bcounselingterm-8.
The bterm bthat bdescribes bthe bpercentage bof bindividuals bknown bto bcarry bthe bgene
bfor ba btrait band bwho bactually bmanifest bthe bcondition bis: b- bcorrect
banswers✔✔penetrance.
bExplanation:
Penetrance bis bthe bpercentage bof bpersons bknown bto bhave ba bparticular bgene
bmutation band bwho bactually bshow bthe btrait. bPedigree bis ba bfirst bstep bin bestablishing
bthe bpattern bof binheritance. bA bgenotype bconsists bof bthe bgenes band bvariations
btherein bthat ba bperson binherits bfrom bhis bor bher bparents. bVariable bexpression bis
bthe bvariation bin bthe bdegree bto bwhich ba btrait bis bmanifested.
A bclient bwith bsymptoms bof bpregnancy bis bhaving ban bultrasound bis bto bdetermine bthe
bgestation bof bthe bpregnancy. bThe bnurse bexplains bthat bthe bvisualization bof bdifferent
bdevelopmental bmilestones bcorrelates bwith bthe bgestation bof bthe bpregnancy. bPlace
bthe bfollowing bdevelopmental bmilestones bin border, bfrom bearliest bto blatest, bas bthey
bappear bduring bthe bfirst btrimester. bUse ball boptions. b- bcorrect
banswers✔✔Gestational bsac
Cardiac bpulsation
Spine bformation
Formation bof blimb bbuds
bExplanation:
A bgestational bsac bappears bbetween b4 bto b5 bweeks' bgestation. bCardiac bpulsation
bbegins bat b6 bweeks' bgestation, bthe bspine bis bvisible bat b7 bweeks' bgestation, band
bevidence bof bfour blimb bbuds bis bpresent bat b8 bweeks' bgestation.
, At ba bprenatal bcheckup bwith ba bclient bat b7 bweeks' bgestation, bthe bnurse bwould
bidentify bwhat bas ba bnormal bfinding? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Fetal bheart bsounds bare
bheard.
bExplanation:
Although bthe bheart bis bnot bfully bdeveloped, bit bbegins bto bbeat bat bweek b5, band ba
bregular brhythm band bcan bbe bheard bat bweek b7. bQuickening bis bfelt baround bweek
b13. bGender bidentity bcan bbe bdetermined bat bweeks b9 bto b12. bThe bstartle breflex bcan
bbe bseen baround bweeks b21 bto b24.
A brecently bmarried bcouple bcome bto bthe bprenatal bclinic bbecause bthey bare
bconcerned babout bgenetic btesting. bThe bhusband bis bof bJewish bheritage. bThe bnurse
bshould brecommend bthe bcouple bundergo bgenetic btesting bto bdetermine bif bthe bfetus
bhas bwhich bdisorder bcommon bamong bAshkenazi bJews b(Jews bof bEastern bEuropean
blineage)? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Tay-Sachs bdisease
bExplanation:
Tays-Sachs bdisease bis ba bautosomal brecessive bdisorder bthat boccurs bprimarily bin
bAshkenazi bJews.
A bmother bhas bcome bto bthe bclinic bwith bher b13-year-old bdaughter bto bfind bout bwhy
bshe bhas bnot bstarted bher bmenses. bAfter ba bthorough bexamination band bhistory,
bgenetic btesting bis bprescribed bto brule bout bwhich babnormality? b- bcorrect
banswers✔✔Turner bsyndrome
bExplanation:
Turner bsyndrome bis ba bcommon babnormality bof bthe bsex bchromosome bin bwhich ba
bportion bor ball bof bthe bX bchromosome bis bmissing. bOnly babout bone bthird bof bthe
bcases bare bdiagnosed bas bnewborns; bthe bremaining btwo bthirds bare bdiagnosed bin
bearly badolescence bwhen bthey bexperience bprimary bamenorrhea. bNo bcure bexists bfor
bthis bsyndrome. bHormone breplacement btherapy bmay bbe bused bto binduce bpuberty.
A bnurse boverhears ba bcolleague btell ba bclient bthat bbased bon bthe bgenetic btesting
bresults bshe bshould bterminate bthe bpregnancy. bWhich baction bis bmost bappropriate
bfor bthe bnurse bto btake? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Immediately bstop bthe bnurse.
bExplanation:
The bnurse bshould binterrupt bthe bnurse band bremind bhim bor bher bthat bit bis bimportant
bnot bto bimpose bpersonal bvalues bonto bthe bclient.
When beducating bparents bon brecessive bgenetic bdisease bstatistics, bthe bnurse
bunderstands bthat bwhich bstatement bby bthe bparents bindicates ban baccurate
bunderstanding bof bgenetic binheritance? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔"Each bchild bwill bhave
ba b25% bchance bof bdeveloping bthe bdisease."
bExplanation:
The bstatistics bof binheritance bare breset bwith beach bpregnancy; btherefore, beach
bpregnancy bhas bthe bsame bstatistical bprobability bof bdisplaying bthe bgenetic bdisease.
