,
,
,Test Bank For Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 10th Edition
Chapter 01: The Nursing Process and Drug Therapy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
6. The medication order reads, “Give ondansetron 4 mg, 30 minutes before beginning
chemotherapy to prevent nausea.” The nurse notes that the route is missing from the order.
What is the nurse’s best action?
a. Give the medication intravenously because the patient might vomit.
b. Give the medication orally because the tablets are available in 4-mg doses.
c. Contact the prescriber to clarify the route of the medication ordered.
d. Hold the medication until the prescriber returns to make rounds.
ANS: C
A complete medication order includes the route of administration. If a medication order does
not include the route, the nurse must ask the prescriber to clarify it. The intravenous and oral
routes are not interchangeable. Holding the medication until the prescriber returns would
mean that the patient would not receive a needed medication.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
7. When the nurse considers the timing of a drug dose, which factor is appropriate to consider when
deciding when to give a drug? a. The patient’s ability to swallow
b. The patient’s height
c. The patient’s last meal
d. The patient’s allergies
ANS: C
The nurse must consider specific pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic drug properties that may
be affected by the timing of the last meal. The patient’s ability to swallow, height, and
allergies are not factors to consider regarding the timing of the drug’s administration.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
8. The nurse is performing an assessment of a newly admitted patient. Which is an example of
subjective data?
Page 3
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,Test Bank For Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 10th Edition
Chapter 01: The Nursing Process and Drug Therapy
a. Weight 155 pounds
b. Pulse 72 beats/minute
c. The patient reports that he uses the herbal product ginkgo
d. The patient’s complete blood count results
ANS: C
Subjective data include information shared through the spoken word by any reliable source,
such as the patient. Objective data may be defined as any information gathered through the
senses or that which is seen, heard, felt, or smelled. A patient’s pulse, weight, and laboratory
tests are all examples of objective data.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. When giving medications, the nurse will follow the rights of medication administration.
The rights include the right documentation, the right reason, the right response, and the
patient’s right to refuse. Which of these are additional rights? (Select all that apply.) a.
Right drug
b. Right route
c. Right dose
d. Right diagnosis
e. Right time
f. Right patient
ANS: A, B, C, E, F
Additional rights of medication administration must always include the right drug, right dose,
right time, right route, and right patient. The right diagnosis is incorrect.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
OTHER
1. Place the phases of the nursing process in the correct order, with 1 as the first phase and 5
as the last phase.
a. Planning
Page 4
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,Test Bank For Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 10th Edition
Chapter 01: The Nursing Process and Drug Therapy
b. Evaluation
c. Assessment
d. Implementation
e. Human needs statement
ANS:
C, E, A, D, B
The nursing process is an ongoing process that begins with assessing and continues with
human needs statement, planning, implementing, and evaluating.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: General
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Page 5
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,Test Bank For Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 10th Edition
Chapter 02: Pharmacologic Principles
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The patient is receiving two different drugs. At current dosages and dosage forms, both
drugs have the same concentration of the active ingredient. Which term is used to identify this
principle?
a. Bioequivalent
b. Synergistic
c. Prodrugs
d. Steady state
ANS: A
Two drugs absorbed into the circulation in the same amount (in specific dosage forms) have
the same bioavailability; thus, they are bioequivalent. A drug’s steady state is the physiologic
state in which the amount of drug removed via elimination is equal to the amount of drug
absorbed from each dose. The term synergistic refers to two drugs, given together, with a
resulting effect that is greater than the sum of the effects of each drug given alone. A prodrug
is an inactive drug dosage form that is converted to an active metabolite by various
biochemical reactions once it is inside the body.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
2. When given an intravenous medication, the patient says to the nurse, “I usually take pills. Why
does this medication have to be given in the arm?” What is the nurse’s best answer? a. “The
medication will cause fewer adverse effects when given intravenously.”
b. “The intravenous medication will have delayed absorption into the body’s tissues.”
c. “The action of the medication will begin sooner when given intravenously.”
d. “There is a lower chance of allergic reactions when drugs are given intravenously.”
ANS: C
An intravenous (IV) injection provides the fastest route of absorption. The IV route does not
affect the number of adverse effects, nor does it cause delayed tissue absorption (it results in
faster absorption). The IV route does not affect the number of allergic reactions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
Page 6
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,Test Bank For Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 10th Edition
Chapter 02: Pharmacologic Principles
3. The nurse is administering parenteral drugs. Which statement is true regarding parenteral
drugs?
a. Parenteral drugs bypass the first-pass effect.
b. Absorption of parenteral drugs is affected by reduced blood flow to the stomach.
c. Absorption of parenteral drugs is faster when the stomach is empty.
d. Parenteral drugs exert their effects while circulating in the bloodstream.
ANS: A
Drugs given by the parenteral route bypass the first-pass effect. Reduced blood flow to the
stomach and the presence of food in the stomach apply to enteral drugs (taken orally), not to
parenteral drugs. Parenteral drugs must be absorbed into cells and tissues from the circulation
before they can exert their effects; they do not exert their effects while circulating in the
bloodstream.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: General MSC:
NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
4. When monitoring the patient receiving an intravenous infusion to reduce blood pressure, the
nurse notes that the patient’s blood pressure is extremely low, and the patient is lethargic and
difficult to awaken. This would be classified as which type of adverse drug reaction? a. Adverse
effect
b. Allergic reaction
c. Idiosyncratic reaction
d. Pharmacologic reaction
ANS: D
A pharmacologic reaction is an extension of a drug’s normal effects in the body. In this case,
the antihypertensive drug lowered the patient’s blood pressure levels too much. The other
options do not describe a pharmacologic reaction. An adverse effect is a predictable, well-
known adverse drug reaction that results in minor or no changes in patient management. An
allergic reaction (also known as a hypersensitivity reaction) involves the patient’s immune
system. An idiosyncratic reaction is unexpected and is defined as a genetically determined
abnormal response to normal dosages of a drug.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: General
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
Page 7
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,Test Bank For Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 10th Edition
Chapter 02: Pharmacologic Principles
5. The nurse is reviewing pharmacology terms for a group of newly graduated nurses. Which
sentence defines a drug’s half-life?
a. The time it takes for the drug to cause half of its therapeutic response
b. The time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug to reach the target cells
c. The time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug to be removed from
the body
d. The time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug to be absorbed into the
circulation
ANS: C
A drug’s half-life is the time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug to be
removed from the body. It is a measure of the rate at which drugs are removed from the body.
The other options are incorrect definitions of half-life.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: General
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
6. When administering drugs, the nurse remembers that the duration of action of a drug is defined
as which of these?
a. The time it takes for a drug to elicit a therapeutic response
b. The amount of time needed to remove a drug from circulation
c. The time it takes for a drug to achieve its maximum therapeutic response
d. The time period at which a drug’s concentration is sufficient to cause a therapeutic
response
ANS: D
Duration of action is the time during which drug’s concentration is sufficient to elicit a
therapeutic response. The other options do not define duration of action. A drug’s onset of
action is the time it takes for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response. A drug’s peak effect is
the time it takes for the drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response. Elimination is the
length of time it takes to remove a drug from circulation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: General
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
7. When reviewing the mechanism of action of a specific drug, the nurse reads that the drug works
by selective enzyme interaction. Which of these processes describes selective enzyme
interaction?
Page 8
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, Test Bank For Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 10th Edition
Chapter 02: Pharmacologic Principles
a. The drug alters cell membrane permeability.
b. The drug’s effectiveness within the cell walls of the target tissue is enhanced.
c. The drug is attracted to a receptor on the cell wall, preventing an enzyme from
binding to that receptor.
d. The drug binds to an enzyme molecule and inhibits or enhances the enzyme’s action
with the normal target cell.
ANS: D
With selective enzyme interaction, the drug attracts the enzymes to bind with the drug instead
of allowing the enzymes to bind with their normal target cells. As a result, the target cells are
protected from the action of the enzymes. This results in a drug effect. The actions described
in the other options do not occur with selective enzyme interactions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: General
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
8. When administering a new medication to a patient, the nurse reads that it is highly protein
bound. Assuming that the patient’s albumin levels are normal, the nurse would expect which
result, as compared to a medication, that is not highly protein bound? a. Renal excretion will be
faster.
b. The drug will be metabolized quickly.
c. The duration of action of the medication will be shorter.
d. The duration of action of the medication will be longer.
ANS: D
Drugs that are bound to plasma proteins are characterized by longer duration of action.
Protein binding does not make renal excretion faster, does not speed up drug metabolism, and
does not cause the duration of action to be shorter.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
9. The patient is experiencing chest pain and needs to take a buccal form of nitroglycerin. Where
does the nurse instruct the patient to place the tablet? a. Under the tongue
b. On top of the tongue
c. At the back of the throat
d. In the space between the cheek and the gum
Page 9
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,
,Test Bank For Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 10th Edition
Chapter 01: The Nursing Process and Drug Therapy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
6. The medication order reads, “Give ondansetron 4 mg, 30 minutes before beginning
chemotherapy to prevent nausea.” The nurse notes that the route is missing from the order.
What is the nurse’s best action?
a. Give the medication intravenously because the patient might vomit.
b. Give the medication orally because the tablets are available in 4-mg doses.
c. Contact the prescriber to clarify the route of the medication ordered.
d. Hold the medication until the prescriber returns to make rounds.
ANS: C
A complete medication order includes the route of administration. If a medication order does
not include the route, the nurse must ask the prescriber to clarify it. The intravenous and oral
routes are not interchangeable. Holding the medication until the prescriber returns would
mean that the patient would not receive a needed medication.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
7. When the nurse considers the timing of a drug dose, which factor is appropriate to consider when
deciding when to give a drug? a. The patient’s ability to swallow
b. The patient’s height
c. The patient’s last meal
d. The patient’s allergies
ANS: C
The nurse must consider specific pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic drug properties that may
be affected by the timing of the last meal. The patient’s ability to swallow, height, and
allergies are not factors to consider regarding the timing of the drug’s administration.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
8. The nurse is performing an assessment of a newly admitted patient. Which is an example of
subjective data?
Page 3
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,Test Bank For Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 10th Edition
Chapter 01: The Nursing Process and Drug Therapy
a. Weight 155 pounds
b. Pulse 72 beats/minute
c. The patient reports that he uses the herbal product ginkgo
d. The patient’s complete blood count results
ANS: C
Subjective data include information shared through the spoken word by any reliable source,
such as the patient. Objective data may be defined as any information gathered through the
senses or that which is seen, heard, felt, or smelled. A patient’s pulse, weight, and laboratory
tests are all examples of objective data.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. When giving medications, the nurse will follow the rights of medication administration.
The rights include the right documentation, the right reason, the right response, and the
patient’s right to refuse. Which of these are additional rights? (Select all that apply.) a.
Right drug
b. Right route
c. Right dose
d. Right diagnosis
e. Right time
f. Right patient
ANS: A, B, C, E, F
Additional rights of medication administration must always include the right drug, right dose,
right time, right route, and right patient. The right diagnosis is incorrect.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
OTHER
1. Place the phases of the nursing process in the correct order, with 1 as the first phase and 5
as the last phase.
a. Planning
Page 4
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,Test Bank For Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 10th Edition
Chapter 01: The Nursing Process and Drug Therapy
b. Evaluation
c. Assessment
d. Implementation
e. Human needs statement
ANS:
C, E, A, D, B
The nursing process is an ongoing process that begins with assessing and continues with
human needs statement, planning, implementing, and evaluating.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: General
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Page 5
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,Test Bank For Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 10th Edition
Chapter 02: Pharmacologic Principles
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The patient is receiving two different drugs. At current dosages and dosage forms, both
drugs have the same concentration of the active ingredient. Which term is used to identify this
principle?
a. Bioequivalent
b. Synergistic
c. Prodrugs
d. Steady state
ANS: A
Two drugs absorbed into the circulation in the same amount (in specific dosage forms) have
the same bioavailability; thus, they are bioequivalent. A drug’s steady state is the physiologic
state in which the amount of drug removed via elimination is equal to the amount of drug
absorbed from each dose. The term synergistic refers to two drugs, given together, with a
resulting effect that is greater than the sum of the effects of each drug given alone. A prodrug
is an inactive drug dosage form that is converted to an active metabolite by various
biochemical reactions once it is inside the body.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
2. When given an intravenous medication, the patient says to the nurse, “I usually take pills. Why
does this medication have to be given in the arm?” What is the nurse’s best answer? a. “The
medication will cause fewer adverse effects when given intravenously.”
b. “The intravenous medication will have delayed absorption into the body’s tissues.”
c. “The action of the medication will begin sooner when given intravenously.”
d. “There is a lower chance of allergic reactions when drugs are given intravenously.”
ANS: C
An intravenous (IV) injection provides the fastest route of absorption. The IV route does not
affect the number of adverse effects, nor does it cause delayed tissue absorption (it results in
faster absorption). The IV route does not affect the number of allergic reactions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
Page 6
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,Test Bank For Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 10th Edition
Chapter 02: Pharmacologic Principles
3. The nurse is administering parenteral drugs. Which statement is true regarding parenteral
drugs?
a. Parenteral drugs bypass the first-pass effect.
b. Absorption of parenteral drugs is affected by reduced blood flow to the stomach.
c. Absorption of parenteral drugs is faster when the stomach is empty.
d. Parenteral drugs exert their effects while circulating in the bloodstream.
ANS: A
Drugs given by the parenteral route bypass the first-pass effect. Reduced blood flow to the
stomach and the presence of food in the stomach apply to enteral drugs (taken orally), not to
parenteral drugs. Parenteral drugs must be absorbed into cells and tissues from the circulation
before they can exert their effects; they do not exert their effects while circulating in the
bloodstream.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: General MSC:
NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
4. When monitoring the patient receiving an intravenous infusion to reduce blood pressure, the
nurse notes that the patient’s blood pressure is extremely low, and the patient is lethargic and
difficult to awaken. This would be classified as which type of adverse drug reaction? a. Adverse
effect
b. Allergic reaction
c. Idiosyncratic reaction
d. Pharmacologic reaction
ANS: D
A pharmacologic reaction is an extension of a drug’s normal effects in the body. In this case,
the antihypertensive drug lowered the patient’s blood pressure levels too much. The other
options do not describe a pharmacologic reaction. An adverse effect is a predictable, well-
known adverse drug reaction that results in minor or no changes in patient management. An
allergic reaction (also known as a hypersensitivity reaction) involves the patient’s immune
system. An idiosyncratic reaction is unexpected and is defined as a genetically determined
abnormal response to normal dosages of a drug.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: General
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
Page 7
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,Test Bank For Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 10th Edition
Chapter 02: Pharmacologic Principles
5. The nurse is reviewing pharmacology terms for a group of newly graduated nurses. Which
sentence defines a drug’s half-life?
a. The time it takes for the drug to cause half of its therapeutic response
b. The time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug to reach the target cells
c. The time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug to be removed from
the body
d. The time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug to be absorbed into the
circulation
ANS: C
A drug’s half-life is the time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug to be
removed from the body. It is a measure of the rate at which drugs are removed from the body.
The other options are incorrect definitions of half-life.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: General
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
6. When administering drugs, the nurse remembers that the duration of action of a drug is defined
as which of these?
a. The time it takes for a drug to elicit a therapeutic response
b. The amount of time needed to remove a drug from circulation
c. The time it takes for a drug to achieve its maximum therapeutic response
d. The time period at which a drug’s concentration is sufficient to cause a therapeutic
response
ANS: D
Duration of action is the time during which drug’s concentration is sufficient to elicit a
therapeutic response. The other options do not define duration of action. A drug’s onset of
action is the time it takes for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response. A drug’s peak effect is
the time it takes for the drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response. Elimination is the
length of time it takes to remove a drug from circulation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: General
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
7. When reviewing the mechanism of action of a specific drug, the nurse reads that the drug works
by selective enzyme interaction. Which of these processes describes selective enzyme
interaction?
Page 8
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, Test Bank For Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 10th Edition
Chapter 02: Pharmacologic Principles
a. The drug alters cell membrane permeability.
b. The drug’s effectiveness within the cell walls of the target tissue is enhanced.
c. The drug is attracted to a receptor on the cell wall, preventing an enzyme from
binding to that receptor.
d. The drug binds to an enzyme molecule and inhibits or enhances the enzyme’s action
with the normal target cell.
ANS: D
With selective enzyme interaction, the drug attracts the enzymes to bind with the drug instead
of allowing the enzymes to bind with their normal target cells. As a result, the target cells are
protected from the action of the enzymes. This results in a drug effect. The actions described
in the other options do not occur with selective enzyme interactions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: General
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
8. When administering a new medication to a patient, the nurse reads that it is highly protein
bound. Assuming that the patient’s albumin levels are normal, the nurse would expect which
result, as compared to a medication, that is not highly protein bound? a. Renal excretion will be
faster.
b. The drug will be metabolized quickly.
c. The duration of action of the medication will be shorter.
d. The duration of action of the medication will be longer.
ANS: D
Drugs that are bound to plasma proteins are characterized by longer duration of action.
Protein binding does not make renal excretion faster, does not speed up drug metabolism, and
does not cause the duration of action to be shorter.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
9. The patient is experiencing chest pain and needs to take a buccal form of nitroglycerin. Where
does the nurse instruct the patient to place the tablet? a. Under the tongue
b. On top of the tongue
c. At the back of the throat
d. In the space between the cheek and the gum
Page 9
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