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Lecture notes

Lecture notes Unit 1 - Principles and Applications of Science I

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This document has digital handwritten notes done in Goodnotes about biology in unit 1 btec level 3. Notes talk about neurons and how neurotransmitters transport different chemicals around the body such as serotonin. Structure of neuron cells is also explained.

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Uploaded on
January 26, 2025
Number of pages
1
Written in
2024/2025
Type
Lecture notes
Professor(s)
Anonymous
Contains
All classes

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Impulse travel-Saltatory conduction.

Rocd the PNS.
Myelinated
·
nerrow a re in


The Schwann cell the to create Schwann cell membrane to
around protect
·
wraps axon
many layers of the axon.




--




·
-
- -




+ + + m+ M
t m + +



avonEngin
-
S




/
-
/
node of ranvier
activa membrane
·
melin
sheath
prevents
-
potential
· A allows
.
action


potential
whereincanpost
.
·




y
only in
neurons
insulated

by myelin .

of that
rec tion of the
· Schwann cells prevent movement lon in axon
&




jumping from
action
one to the .
next
·
The movement of out at the mode of ranvier shows that potentials one



o As the lon of the action
potential occurs les frequently, It toko les time > -
Increased impose speed.
·
Action potentials follow an
all
impose or
nothing principle . This mean that r i ve
the of the action
potential is
always
the same,


despite the strength of stimulus.



live will be
the
·
A stronger Stimulus will would in much
bigger frequency of impurer being read
along nearon
meaning ,
the
graph
and down.
going up


+ 40
membrane potential
· socium channels close .




.
·
potassium channels open t
so our more out
Depularisation
Depolarisation
/



M
-

diam ame close .




mV
& (2
73
No innt in)


&
I on out
-
50 · Influx of Nation
increasing .




· Sodium channel

opene
· become positive
it
thats why
S




yet up point.
I
-
60
mode.
-
70 resting
Nat/ k+ purp mode




~
2 in Sort 3 k
+
2 Not out in
-

75



Time
<

↳ iont more i n


COMPLETED

Grom staining practical - 19th of October 2023
4:
30pm-5: 20 pm
By leaving the burner it




-
bowen
purple ,
·
on means we
orange
, ,





sterilise the
practical a re a and the air around the
petri dish whilst
opening
it , to avoid contamination .


·
It is
important to
follow General
laboratory practice
crystal violet -
> iodine >
- ethand >
-
safronin, and be mature
enough
to behave in kind manners


b OxC done I
6-Ise
dosec to avoid accidents
during practicals .




Ist the loop ethend and let burn bunden bright
Dip innoculating in it on the burner until it
glows orange .


2nd contaminated ,
.

Open carefully the bacteria plate by not exposing it fully with the air wo it can yet with
impurities in cei

and take small
sample of the bacteria
a
and
place it on the slide
microscope .



the
3rd .
-
Heat fix slide on
top of burenburner fire about three timer and let it set .


colour stains the slide and rine each stain after 60 seconds at the end add 2
drops of ethanol
by adding the
on
yeth . Start ,

rine it followed by stain afterwards
staining
with safranin rising it.
and
it

5th .

Finally let the side
dry
and
put
it on a
microscope to me the
pink and pople bacteria .
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