Astronomy Exam #1

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Exam (elaborations)

Astronomy Exam #1

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Astronomy Exam #1 retrograde motion - The apparent motion of the planets when they appear to move backwards (westward) with respect to the stars from the direction that they move ordinarily. right ascension - the coordinate for measuring the east-west positions of celestial bodies; the angle measured eastward along the celestial equator from the vernal equinox to the hour circle passing through a body Astronomical equivalent to longitude resolution - the smallest angle between close objects that can be seen clearly to be separate, separate two point sources into separate images refracting telescope - a telescope in which a large biconvex lens causes light rays to converge to focus, forming an image magnified by a biconvex eye piece precession - A slow motion of Earth's axis that traces out a cone over a period of 26,000 years the slow conical motion of the Earth's axis of rotation, caused by attraction of the sun and moon, and to a smaller extent, of the planets, on the equatorial bulge of the Earth newton - proposed that all objects in the universe pulled on each other trough gravity, reason why planets move in orbits and why objects fall to the Earth lunar eclipse - occurs when the moon passes through Earth's shadow johannes kepler -

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Astronomy Exam #1

retrogradevmotionv-v

Thevapparentvmotionvofvthevplanetsvwhenvtheyvappearvtovmovevbackwardsv(westward)vwithvresp
vvvvvvvvvvv

ectvtovthevstarsvfromvthevdirectionvthatvtheyvmovevordinarily.

rightvascensionv-v

thevcoordinatevforvmeasuringvtheveast-
vvvvvvvvvvv

westvpositionsvofvcelestialvbodies;vthevanglevmeasuredveastwardvalongvthevcelestialvequatorvfromvthevv
ernalvequinoxvtovthevhourvcirclevpassingvthroughvavbody

Astronomicalvequivalentvtovlongitude

resolutionv-v

thevsmallestvanglevbetweenvclosevobjectsvthatvcanvbevseenvclearlyvtovbevseparate,vseparatevtwovp
vvvvvvvvvvv

ointvsourcesvintovseparatevimages

refractingvtelescopev-v

avtelescopevinvwhichvavlargevbiconvexvlensvcausesvlightvraysvtovconvergevtovfocus,vformingvanvima
vvvvvvvvvvv

gevmagnifiedvbyvavbiconvexveyevpiece

precessionv-v

vvvvvvvvvvv AvslowvmotionvofvEarth'svaxisvthatvtracesvoutvavconevovervavperiodvofv26,000vyears

thevslowvconicalvmotionvofvthevEarth'svaxisvofvrotation,vcausedvbyvattractionvofvthevsunvandvmoon,vandv
tovavsmallervextent,vofvthevplanets,vonvthevequatorialvbulgevofvthevEarth

newtonv-v

proposedvthatvallvobjectsvinvthevuniversevpulledvonveachvothervtroughvgravity,vreasonvwhyvplanet
vvvvvvvvvvv

svmovevinvorbitsvandvwhyvobjectsvfallvtovthevEarth

lunarveclipsev-v

vvvvvvvvvvv occursvwhenvthevmoonvpassesvthroughvEarth'svshadow

johannesvkeplerv-v

1v|vP a g e

, vvvvvvvvvvv Germanvastronomervwhovfirstvstatedvlawsvofvplanetaryvmotionv(1571-1630)

discoveredvthatvplanetsvmovevinvorbitsvshapedvlikevanveclipse,vavlinevbetweenvavplanetvandvthevsunvcov
ersvequalvareasvinvequalvtimesv,vhowvlongvavplanetvtakesvtovgovaroundvthevSunvisvrelatedvtovthevradiusvof
vthevplanet'svorbit

tychovbrachev-v

novtelescope,vbutvaccuratevgeometricvobservationvinstruments,vassembledvmassesvofvdatavabout
vvvvvvvvvvv

v marsvandvothervknownvplanets,vtheoryvofvthevsolarvsystem:vstationaryvEarth,vmoovandvsunvrevolve

solarveclipsev-v

vvvvvvvvvvv occursvwhenvthevmoonvpassesvbetweenvthevEarthvandvSun,vobscuringvthevviewvofvthevsun

spectroscopev-v

breaksvthevlightvfromvavsinglevmaterialvintovitsvcomponentvcolorsvthevwayvavprismvsplitsvwhitevligh
vvvvvvvvvvv

tvintovavrainbow

groundvstatev-v

statevofvlowestvenergyvinvwhichvthevelectronsvsystematicallyvfillvallvthevorbitsvfromvthosevnearestv
vvvvvvvvvvv

thevnucleusvoutwardvtovsomevlargervorbitvcontainingvthevoutermostvelectrons

zenithv-v

vvvvvvvvvvv thatvpoint,vonvanyvgivenvobserversvcelestialvsphere,vthatvliesvdirectlyvabovevhim

absorbtionvspectrumv-v

thevcharacteristicvpatternvofvdarkvlinesvorvbandsvthatvoccursvwhenvelectromagneticvradiationvisvp
vvvvvvvvvvv

assedvthroughvanvabsorbingvmediumvintovavspectroscope

astronomicalvunitv-v

vvvvvvvvvvv meanvdistancevbetweenvthevcentervofvthevEarthvandvthevcentervofvthevSun

whatvdoesvanvastronomervusevtovmeasurevthevtemperaturevofvavstar?v-v

byvlookingvatvthevstar'svcolorvandvitsvspectrum,vbrightnessvtellsvusvhowvbrightvthevstarvisvandvthevl
vvvvvvvvvvv

uminosityvcanvbevdeterminedvfromvthevapparentvbrightnessvandvthevdistance

2v|vP a g e

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Study: astronomy
Uploaded on: January 21, 2025
Number of pages: 12
Written in: 2024/2025
Type: Exam (elaborations)
Contains: Questions & answers

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