NURS 752 Exam 3 (Final) questions with answers
Big 3 Category- Top Misdiagnosis - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔stroke,
sepsis, lung cancer
#1 cause of malpractice - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Misdiagnosis
What helps form hypotheses and create your diagnostic reasoning? - ....🔰
VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Epidemiology
Clinical diagnosis requires - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔info from pt
(subjective) 75%
use that info with ur knowledge of understanding disease + PE is 15%
Likelihood Ratios - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Weights that help you
understand how much a physical sign argues for or against a diagnosis
Possible weights of 0 to infinity
>1 means increased probability of disease
<1 means decreased probability of disease
,Specificity - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Proportion of patients without
the diagnosis who have the physical sign (e.g., positive finding)
ex: me for celiac disease
Sensitivity - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Proportion of patients without
the diagnosis who lack the physical sign (i.e., have a negative result)
Likelihood Ratio Definition - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔probability of
finding in pts with disease / probability of same finding in pts without disease
2 approaches to clinical decision-making Metacognition (thinking about
thinking) - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Intuitive vs Analytical
Experts vs. Novices - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔experts gather less
data, but better data, organize better = shorter time to make accurate diagnosis
what makes a good clinical diagnostician? asking right questions
Article: Diagnostic Excellence and Patient Safety - Strategies and Opportunities
- ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔PC- cancer screening (colonoscopy 10
years, FOBT 2 years = survival rate up)
ED- sepsis (more deaths than some cancers) good improvements but more
needed
,Inpatient- PE (over tested but under diagnosed) better with clinical decision
tools and plasma d-dimer measurement
Article: Big 3 diagnostic errors and serious misdiagnoses related harms are
- ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔· 5 vascular events: stroke, MI, venous
thromboembolism, aortic aneurysm/dissection, arterial thromboembolism
· 5 infections: sepsis, meningitis/encephalitis, spinal abscess, pneumonia,
endocarditis
· 5 cancers- lung, breast, colorectal, prostate, melanoma
Video: Catherine Lucey- Good clinical diagnosticians: - ....🔰VERIFIED
ANSWERS.... ✔✔o Efficiently obtain enough information from patient to
make initial differential diagnosis
o Search memory/resources to identify possible causes of patient's symptoms
o Prioritize the likelihood that a possible disease explains patient's concerns
o Use tests (carefully) to evaluate their assessments have to be careful and
know and get correct proper information because some tests are harmful,
expensive, wasteful, timely
o Always continue to analyze the success of their diagnoses to improve
accuracy going forward
Video: Catherine Lucey- experts: - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS....
✔✔reorganize their knowledge in a relational way- S&S to syndromes to
disease
ACL Article: - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔common knee injury in
athletes
, clinical diagnostic tests and MRI are 2 methods of evaluating ACL injuries
evidence supports clinical diagnostic tests, faster, sooner, cheaper too
gold standard: diagnostic arthroscopy
Screening tests - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔to detect asymptomatic and
early stage disease
should be highly sen/spec to pick up most cases of true disease and avoid false
positives
targeted toward pop with higher disease prevalence (high positive predictive
value)
safe, cost effective
should screen for diseases in which early identification and treatment have
been demonstrated to improve clinical outcomes
HIV - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Grade A- ages 15-65
Cervical Cancer - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Grade A- ages 21-65
21-29 cervical cytology every 3 years
Big 3 Category- Top Misdiagnosis - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔stroke,
sepsis, lung cancer
#1 cause of malpractice - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Misdiagnosis
What helps form hypotheses and create your diagnostic reasoning? - ....🔰
VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Epidemiology
Clinical diagnosis requires - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔info from pt
(subjective) 75%
use that info with ur knowledge of understanding disease + PE is 15%
Likelihood Ratios - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Weights that help you
understand how much a physical sign argues for or against a diagnosis
Possible weights of 0 to infinity
>1 means increased probability of disease
<1 means decreased probability of disease
,Specificity - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Proportion of patients without
the diagnosis who have the physical sign (e.g., positive finding)
ex: me for celiac disease
Sensitivity - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Proportion of patients without
the diagnosis who lack the physical sign (i.e., have a negative result)
Likelihood Ratio Definition - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔probability of
finding in pts with disease / probability of same finding in pts without disease
2 approaches to clinical decision-making Metacognition (thinking about
thinking) - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Intuitive vs Analytical
Experts vs. Novices - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔experts gather less
data, but better data, organize better = shorter time to make accurate diagnosis
what makes a good clinical diagnostician? asking right questions
Article: Diagnostic Excellence and Patient Safety - Strategies and Opportunities
- ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔PC- cancer screening (colonoscopy 10
years, FOBT 2 years = survival rate up)
ED- sepsis (more deaths than some cancers) good improvements but more
needed
,Inpatient- PE (over tested but under diagnosed) better with clinical decision
tools and plasma d-dimer measurement
Article: Big 3 diagnostic errors and serious misdiagnoses related harms are
- ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔· 5 vascular events: stroke, MI, venous
thromboembolism, aortic aneurysm/dissection, arterial thromboembolism
· 5 infections: sepsis, meningitis/encephalitis, spinal abscess, pneumonia,
endocarditis
· 5 cancers- lung, breast, colorectal, prostate, melanoma
Video: Catherine Lucey- Good clinical diagnosticians: - ....🔰VERIFIED
ANSWERS.... ✔✔o Efficiently obtain enough information from patient to
make initial differential diagnosis
o Search memory/resources to identify possible causes of patient's symptoms
o Prioritize the likelihood that a possible disease explains patient's concerns
o Use tests (carefully) to evaluate their assessments have to be careful and
know and get correct proper information because some tests are harmful,
expensive, wasteful, timely
o Always continue to analyze the success of their diagnoses to improve
accuracy going forward
Video: Catherine Lucey- experts: - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS....
✔✔reorganize their knowledge in a relational way- S&S to syndromes to
disease
ACL Article: - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔common knee injury in
athletes
, clinical diagnostic tests and MRI are 2 methods of evaluating ACL injuries
evidence supports clinical diagnostic tests, faster, sooner, cheaper too
gold standard: diagnostic arthroscopy
Screening tests - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔to detect asymptomatic and
early stage disease
should be highly sen/spec to pick up most cases of true disease and avoid false
positives
targeted toward pop with higher disease prevalence (high positive predictive
value)
safe, cost effective
should screen for diseases in which early identification and treatment have
been demonstrated to improve clinical outcomes
HIV - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Grade A- ages 15-65
Cervical Cancer - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Grade A- ages 21-65
21-29 cervical cytology every 3 years
