HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY REAL EXAM 65
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What is histology? - ANSWER: The study of tissues
What is a tissue? - ANSWER: A group of cells that act together to perform a specific
function.
What are the fundamental tissues? - ANSWER: Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
What is the function of epithelial cells? - ANSWER: Cover, line, and protect the body
and the internal organs.
What is the function of connective tissue? - ANSWER: Framework of the body.
Provides support and structure to organs.
What is neuroglia? - ANSWER: The neurons and connective tissue cells that compose
nerve tissue.
What ability does muscle tissue have? - ANSWER: Ability to contract and shorten.
What is muscle tissue classified as? - ANSWER: Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and
involuntary(smooth & cardiac)
What is meiosis? - ANSWER: The cell division that takes place in the gonads, i.e. the
ovaries and testes.
What two layers compose the skin? - ANSWER: Epidermis and dermis.
What is the epidermis? - ANSWER: The outermost protective layer of dead
keratinized epithelial cells.
What is the dermis? - ANSWER: The underlying layer of connective tissue with blood
vessels, nerve endings, and the associated skin tissues.
What are the layers of the epidermis? - ANSWER: Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
, What does the protein pigment melanin protect against? - ANSWER: Radiation from
the Sun
What is the dermis composed of? - ANSWER: Fibrous connective tissue with nerve
endings, blood vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.
What are the 2 types of sweat glands? - ANSWER: ecrine & apocrine
What do ecrine sweat glands produce? - ANSWER: Sweat. Regulate body
temperature.
What do apocrine sweat glands produce? - ANSWER: Secretions contain bits of
cytoplasm from cells, attracting bacteria that produces body odor.
What do sebaceous glands secrete? - ANSWER: They secrete sebum through the hair
follicles, which lubricates the skin and prevents drying.
What secretion produces oil? - ANSWER: Holocrine secretion.
What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence? - ANSWER: Becoming
clogged and attracting bacteria.
What protein composes the hair and skin? - ANSWER: Keratin
What makes the body's framework? - ANSWER: Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.
What are the functions of the skeletal system? - ANSWER: Support, movement,
blood cell formation, protection of internal organs, detoxification, muscle
attachment, mineral storage. *A MIME BATHED SEALS SINGING "MY PONY"*
How are bones classified? - ANSWER: By shape.
Long
Short
flat
irregular
sesamoid
*LEMURS SING SALSA FOR INDIANS*
What is the name for the cells that compose compact bone? - ANSWER: Osteoblasts
What occurs to osteoblasts when they become fixed in the dense bone matrix? -
ANSWER: They stop dividing but continue to maintain body tissues as osteocytes.
How many bones make up the axial skeleton? - ANSWER: 28 bones of the skull. 14-
facial, 14-cranium.
How many bones make the facial skeleton? - ANSWER: 2 nasal bones
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What is histology? - ANSWER: The study of tissues
What is a tissue? - ANSWER: A group of cells that act together to perform a specific
function.
What are the fundamental tissues? - ANSWER: Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
What is the function of epithelial cells? - ANSWER: Cover, line, and protect the body
and the internal organs.
What is the function of connective tissue? - ANSWER: Framework of the body.
Provides support and structure to organs.
What is neuroglia? - ANSWER: The neurons and connective tissue cells that compose
nerve tissue.
What ability does muscle tissue have? - ANSWER: Ability to contract and shorten.
What is muscle tissue classified as? - ANSWER: Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and
involuntary(smooth & cardiac)
What is meiosis? - ANSWER: The cell division that takes place in the gonads, i.e. the
ovaries and testes.
What two layers compose the skin? - ANSWER: Epidermis and dermis.
What is the epidermis? - ANSWER: The outermost protective layer of dead
keratinized epithelial cells.
What is the dermis? - ANSWER: The underlying layer of connective tissue with blood
vessels, nerve endings, and the associated skin tissues.
What are the layers of the epidermis? - ANSWER: Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
, What does the protein pigment melanin protect against? - ANSWER: Radiation from
the Sun
What is the dermis composed of? - ANSWER: Fibrous connective tissue with nerve
endings, blood vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.
What are the 2 types of sweat glands? - ANSWER: ecrine & apocrine
What do ecrine sweat glands produce? - ANSWER: Sweat. Regulate body
temperature.
What do apocrine sweat glands produce? - ANSWER: Secretions contain bits of
cytoplasm from cells, attracting bacteria that produces body odor.
What do sebaceous glands secrete? - ANSWER: They secrete sebum through the hair
follicles, which lubricates the skin and prevents drying.
What secretion produces oil? - ANSWER: Holocrine secretion.
What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence? - ANSWER: Becoming
clogged and attracting bacteria.
What protein composes the hair and skin? - ANSWER: Keratin
What makes the body's framework? - ANSWER: Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.
What are the functions of the skeletal system? - ANSWER: Support, movement,
blood cell formation, protection of internal organs, detoxification, muscle
attachment, mineral storage. *A MIME BATHED SEALS SINGING "MY PONY"*
How are bones classified? - ANSWER: By shape.
Long
Short
flat
irregular
sesamoid
*LEMURS SING SALSA FOR INDIANS*
What is the name for the cells that compose compact bone? - ANSWER: Osteoblasts
What occurs to osteoblasts when they become fixed in the dense bone matrix? -
ANSWER: They stop dividing but continue to maintain body tissues as osteocytes.
How many bones make up the axial skeleton? - ANSWER: 28 bones of the skull. 14-
facial, 14-cranium.
How many bones make the facial skeleton? - ANSWER: 2 nasal bones
