AQA GCSE Physics -Paper 2

AQA GCSE Physics -Paper 2

Scalaroo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
quantitiesoowithooonlyoomagnitudeoosuchooasoospeed,oodistance,ootimeooandoomass.

Vectoroo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
quantitiesoowithooaoomagnitudeooandoodirectionooe.g.ooacceleration,ooforceoomomentumoo
andooweight.ooAoovectorooquantityoocanoobeoorepresentedooasooanooarrow,ootheoosizeoorep
resentingootheoomagnitudeooandootheoodirection,ootheoodirection.

Non-contactooforceoo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
theooobjectsooareoophysicallyooseparateooe.g.oomagnetism/gravity/electrostatic.

3oonon-contactooforcesoo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-magnetismoo

gravity

electrostatic

Contactooforceoo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-objectsooareoophysicallyootouchingoo.

3oocontactooforcesoo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-friction

resistance

tension

Gravityoo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
Weightooisootheooforceooactingooonooanooobjectoodueootooogravity,ooitooactsooonooanooobjec
tsoo'centreooofoomass'ooandooisoodirectlyooproportionalootooomass

WeighooEquationoo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
Weightoo=oomassooxoograv.oofieldoostrength

Resultantooforcesoo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
Aoonumberooofooforcesooactingooonooanooobjectoomayoobeooreplacedoobyooaoosingleooforce
oothatoohasootheoosameooeffectooasooallootheoooriginalooforcesooactingootogether,oothisoosin
gleooforceooisootheoocalledootheooresultantooforce.

Inooaootugooofoowar,oo1000Nootoootheooleftooandoo800Nootoootheooright.ooTheooresultantoofo
rceooisoo200Nootoootheooleft

,Free-Bodyooforceoodiagramsoo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
Whenooanooobjectooisooactedooonoobyoomoreoothanoooneooforceooyouoocanoodrawooaoofree-
bodyooforceoodiagramootoooworkoooutootheooresultantooforceooonootheooobject.ooItooshowso
otheooforcesooactingooonooanooobjectoowithoutooanyoootherooobjectsoooroootherooforcesoosh
own.ooEachooforceooisooshownooonootheoodiagramoobyooaoovector,oowhichooisooanooarrowoo
pointingooinootheoodirectionooofootheooforce.oo(ootheoonormalooforceooisoothatoocomponentoo
ofootheoocontactooforceoothatooisooperpendicularootoootheoosurfaceoothatooanooobjectoocont
acts)

Howootoooresolveooforcesoo(forceoodiagramoosteps)oo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
1.ooDecideooonooaooscaleooofooNooperoocm.

2.ooDrawootheoo2oogivenooforces,oogivingoorespectootoootheiroolengthoo(moreoocmooifoomor
eooN)ooandootheooangleoothatooyouooareoogiven

3.ooDrawooaoolineooconnectingootheooendooofootheoo2oootheroolinesootoooformooaootriangle

4.ooMeasureootheoolengthooofoothisooline,oothenooconvertooitootoooNoobyoousingootheooscale

RelationshipoobetweenooJoulesooandooworkoodoneoo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
Whenooaooforceoocausesooandooobjectootooomove,ooworkooisoodoneooonootheooobjectoosooo
whenootheooforceoocausesoodisplacement.ooOneoojouleooofooworkooisoodoneoowhenooaoofor
ceooofoo1oonewtonoodisplacesooanooobjectoo1oometre.oo1ooJouleoo=oo1oonewton-metre.

Equationooforoowordoodoneoo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
workoodoneoo=ooforceooxoodistance

ElasticooDeformationoo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
Whenooanooelasticooobjectooisoostretched,oobent,ootwistedoooroocompressedooitoowillooretur
nootoooitsoooriginalooform

InelasticooDeformationoo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
Polyetheneoobagsoowilloonotooreturnootoootheiroooriginalooshapeooafteroobeingoodeformed,o
othisooisooinelastic.


Hooke'sooLawoo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
Theooextensionooofooanooelasticooobjectooisoodirectlyooproportionalootoootheooforceooapplie
dooasoolongooasootheoolimitooofooproportionalityooisoonotooexceeded:

Equationooforooforceoo(Hooke'soolaw)oo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
forceoo=oospringooconstantooxooextention

Extensionooandoocompression'soorelationshipoowithooelasticoopotentialooenergyooexplanati
onoo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
Aooforceoothatoostretchesoooroocompressesooaoospringoodoesooworkooandooelasticoopotenti
alooenergyooisoostoredooinootheoospring,ooprovidedootheoospringooisoonotooelasticallyoodefor

, med,ootheooworkoodoneooandooelasticoopotentialooenergyooareooequal.ooBeforeootheoolimito
oofooproportionalityooisoobreechedootheoorelationshipooisoolinearoo(directlyooproportional)oo
afterwardsooitooisoonon-linear

Elasticoopotentialooenergyooequationoo(given)oo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
Elasticoopotentialooenergyoo=oo1/2ooxoospringooconstantooxooextension^2

Momentoomeaningoo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
Theooturningooeffectooofooaooforceooisoocalledooitsoo'moment'

Momentooequationoo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-momentoo=ooforceooxoodistance

Balancingoo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
Ifooanooobjectooisoobalancedootheooclockwiseoomomentooisooequalootoootheooanticlockwiseo
omoment.


Leversoo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
Aooleverooconsistsooofooaooload,ooeffortooandoopivot,ooleversoouseoomomentsootooomultiplyo
oaooforce,ootheyooallowooaoolargerooforceootoooactooonootheooloadoothatooisoosuppliedoobyoot
heooeffort.

EngineooGearsoo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
Engineoogearsoohaveootwooomainoojobs,ooproducingootorqueooandoospeed,oohoweveroothe
yooareooinverselyooproportionaloosooogearsooareoomadeootooomakeooaoocompromiseoobetw
eenootheootwoooinooanyoogivenoosituation.

Whenoostartingooaoocarooweoowantoohighootorque,oowhichoomeansoobeingooableootooocarry
ooaoogreaterooloadoo,ooandooconsequentiallyoolessoospeed.ooInoolowoogearsoothisooisooachi
evedooas...oo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
1.ooTheooengineoocausesooaoosmalloocogooonootheooengineooaxleootooorotate.

2.ooTheoosmalloocogooonootheooengineooaxleooisooconnectedootoooaoolargeroocogooonootheo
owheelooaxle,oowhichooincreasesootheootorqueoo(moment)ooexerted.


3.Aoohighooturningooforceoobutoolowoospeedooisooexertedooonootheoowheeloo(lowoogear)

Whenooaoocarooisooalreadyoomoving,ooweoowantooaoohighoospeedoowhichooisooachievedooa
s...oo-ooCORRECTooANSWERS-
1.Theooengineoocausesooaoolargeroocogooonootheooengineooaxleootoooturn.

2.Theoolargeroocogooonootheooengineooaxleooisooconnectedootoooaoosmalleroocogooonootheo
owheelooaxle,oocausingooaoohighoorateooofoorotation,oobutooaoolowooturningooforce.


3.ooTheoowheeloorotatesooquickly,oocausingooaoohighoospeed