NU 404 Unit 4 Test With
Complete Solution
Care during labor & childbirth - ANSWER -protect life of mother & newborn
-support normal labor and detect & treat complication in timely fashion
-support and respond to needs of woman, her partner, and family during
labor & childbirth
Factors affecting labor (5 P's) - ANSWER -passenger (fetus and placenta)
-passageway
-powers
-position of the mother
-psychological response
Passenger - ANSWER -size of fetal head: will affect birth; dry it first
-fetal presentation, fetal lie, fetal attitude, and position
CPD - ANSWER number one reason for C-sections
Fetal presentation - ANSWER -part of fetus entering pelvis first
-cephalic: 96-97%; head first
-breech: want it to be flexed; frank or footling; genitalia swells bc of pressure
of delivery
-shoulders: laying sideways; can't deliver like this
,Frank breech - ANSWER both legs up; butt comes out first
Footling breech - ANSWER -have one or both legs extended
-want both legs extended for easier delivery
Fetal lie - ANSWER -relationship of long axis of mother to long axis of fetus
-spine
-longitudinal: vertex or breech
-transverse: shoulder
Fetal attitude - ANSWER -relationship of fetal parts to each other
-want it to be flexed not extended bc they have to go through very small
spot
-general flexion: want this bc it allows smaller part of fetus to enter pelvis
first
-extension: one or more parts are extended
Position - ANSWER -relationship of fetal presenting part to 4 quadrants of
mother's pelvis
-denoted by 3 letters
-R or L
-O(occiput), M(mentum), S(sacrum/butt), or Sc(scapula)
-A(ant.), P(post.), T(transverse)
Sutures - ANSWER -membranous tissue b/t skull bones
-frontal, sagittal, coronal, lamboidal
, -when born, these bones aren't ossified so these hold them together and
allow for molding of the fetal head to the mother's pelvis
Fontanel - ANSWER -area where the suture lines intersect
-anterior, posterior, vertex
-"soft spot"
Anterior fontanel - ANSWER -larger
-diamond shaped
-closes around 12-18 months
-closed at birth: concerned about microcephaly (caused by zika, drug use,
etc.)
-the bregma
Posterior fontanel - ANSWER -smaller
-triangle shaped
-closes b/t 8-12 weeks after delivery
-if closed at birth we're not as concerned
Vertex (VTX) - ANSWER -area b/t anterior and posterior fontanel
-means baby came out head first
Bulging - ANSWER crying and screaming babies will have _ fontanels bc CSF
moves as heart beats and causes pressure changes so you can see pulsation
Sunken - ANSWER dehydrated babies will have _ fontanels so give them
nutrition
Complete Solution
Care during labor & childbirth - ANSWER -protect life of mother & newborn
-support normal labor and detect & treat complication in timely fashion
-support and respond to needs of woman, her partner, and family during
labor & childbirth
Factors affecting labor (5 P's) - ANSWER -passenger (fetus and placenta)
-passageway
-powers
-position of the mother
-psychological response
Passenger - ANSWER -size of fetal head: will affect birth; dry it first
-fetal presentation, fetal lie, fetal attitude, and position
CPD - ANSWER number one reason for C-sections
Fetal presentation - ANSWER -part of fetus entering pelvis first
-cephalic: 96-97%; head first
-breech: want it to be flexed; frank or footling; genitalia swells bc of pressure
of delivery
-shoulders: laying sideways; can't deliver like this
,Frank breech - ANSWER both legs up; butt comes out first
Footling breech - ANSWER -have one or both legs extended
-want both legs extended for easier delivery
Fetal lie - ANSWER -relationship of long axis of mother to long axis of fetus
-spine
-longitudinal: vertex or breech
-transverse: shoulder
Fetal attitude - ANSWER -relationship of fetal parts to each other
-want it to be flexed not extended bc they have to go through very small
spot
-general flexion: want this bc it allows smaller part of fetus to enter pelvis
first
-extension: one or more parts are extended
Position - ANSWER -relationship of fetal presenting part to 4 quadrants of
mother's pelvis
-denoted by 3 letters
-R or L
-O(occiput), M(mentum), S(sacrum/butt), or Sc(scapula)
-A(ant.), P(post.), T(transverse)
Sutures - ANSWER -membranous tissue b/t skull bones
-frontal, sagittal, coronal, lamboidal
, -when born, these bones aren't ossified so these hold them together and
allow for molding of the fetal head to the mother's pelvis
Fontanel - ANSWER -area where the suture lines intersect
-anterior, posterior, vertex
-"soft spot"
Anterior fontanel - ANSWER -larger
-diamond shaped
-closes around 12-18 months
-closed at birth: concerned about microcephaly (caused by zika, drug use,
etc.)
-the bregma
Posterior fontanel - ANSWER -smaller
-triangle shaped
-closes b/t 8-12 weeks after delivery
-if closed at birth we're not as concerned
Vertex (VTX) - ANSWER -area b/t anterior and posterior fontanel
-means baby came out head first
Bulging - ANSWER crying and screaming babies will have _ fontanels bc CSF
moves as heart beats and causes pressure changes so you can see pulsation
Sunken - ANSWER dehydrated babies will have _ fontanels so give them
nutrition
