Test Bank For Introduction to Health Research Methods: A
Practical Guide 3rd Edition By Kathryn H. Jacobsen
9781284197563 Chapter 1-42 Complete Guide .
How do you choose the right methodology? - ANSWER: You use the methodology
that your research questions dictate
Measurement - ANSWER: Process of assigning numbers or labels according to a
particular set of rules
Variable - ANSWER: Characteristic or attribute being measured
Instrument - ANSWER: Tool used to measure a variable
Instrumentation - ANSWER: All measurement instruments used in a study
Steps in Using Existing Instruments: - ANSWER: 1. Identify measurement instruments
2. Getting a copy
3. Is it the right instrument?
4. Final Steps
Psychometric Qualities - ANSWER: Fairness (hardest), Validity, Reliability of the
instruments that you are using
Important to internal validity
Fairness - ANSWER: Cultural sensitivity and cultural competence
Few/no ways to measure fairness
Validity - ANSWER: Measures what it purports to measure
Reliability - ANSWER: Measurement produces consistent results over time
The general steps for survey research include (5): - ANSWER: 1. a clearly delineated
research problem
2. appropriate questions to respondents to gain info
3. a well-systematized data collection technique
4. a generation of group-level statistics
5. results that are generalizable to the larger population
Planning a survey study steps (15): - ANSWER: Plan it, overall design, method of data
collection, data analysis plan, sampling, questions/instruments, pre-test the survey,
revise the survey, administer the survey, coding the data, verifying the data, data
entry, tabulation/calculations, analysis, report results
, Do perfect studies exist? - ANSWER: No
Flow plan - ANSWER: used to outline the design and subsequent implementation of a
survey
Research designs falls into two broad categories: - ANSWER: descriptive and
analytical
Descriptive Designs - ANSWER: Cross-sectional, longitudinal, or group comparison
Describes what is
Less sophisticated
Basic calculations (frequencies and means)
Cross-sectional - ANSWER: at one point in time
Longitudinal - ANSWER: takes place over a period of time
Group comparison - ANSWER: simply compares groups on the issue
Emphasizes what characteristics the groups possess
Analytical Designs - ANSWER: Cross-sectional, case control, prospective
Addresses relationship of variable in question to other variables
Implies more control
More sophisticated
Unstructured Interviews - ANSWER: Reserved for obtaining information that is very
personal and/or potentially threatening
Semistructured Interviews - ANSWER: Contain a core of structured questions from
which the interviewer may move in related directions for in-depth probing
Structured Interviews - ANSWER: a well-defined pattern is followed, similar to a
questionnaire
Recall bias - ANSWER: prior experience may influence a response
Recall order bias - ANSWER: occurs when a respondent primarily checks the
response that easily comes to mind rather than giving it due consideration
Response set bias - ANSWER: the respondent repeatedly answers all the question
with the same response
Practical Guide 3rd Edition By Kathryn H. Jacobsen
9781284197563 Chapter 1-42 Complete Guide .
How do you choose the right methodology? - ANSWER: You use the methodology
that your research questions dictate
Measurement - ANSWER: Process of assigning numbers or labels according to a
particular set of rules
Variable - ANSWER: Characteristic or attribute being measured
Instrument - ANSWER: Tool used to measure a variable
Instrumentation - ANSWER: All measurement instruments used in a study
Steps in Using Existing Instruments: - ANSWER: 1. Identify measurement instruments
2. Getting a copy
3. Is it the right instrument?
4. Final Steps
Psychometric Qualities - ANSWER: Fairness (hardest), Validity, Reliability of the
instruments that you are using
Important to internal validity
Fairness - ANSWER: Cultural sensitivity and cultural competence
Few/no ways to measure fairness
Validity - ANSWER: Measures what it purports to measure
Reliability - ANSWER: Measurement produces consistent results over time
The general steps for survey research include (5): - ANSWER: 1. a clearly delineated
research problem
2. appropriate questions to respondents to gain info
3. a well-systematized data collection technique
4. a generation of group-level statistics
5. results that are generalizable to the larger population
Planning a survey study steps (15): - ANSWER: Plan it, overall design, method of data
collection, data analysis plan, sampling, questions/instruments, pre-test the survey,
revise the survey, administer the survey, coding the data, verifying the data, data
entry, tabulation/calculations, analysis, report results
, Do perfect studies exist? - ANSWER: No
Flow plan - ANSWER: used to outline the design and subsequent implementation of a
survey
Research designs falls into two broad categories: - ANSWER: descriptive and
analytical
Descriptive Designs - ANSWER: Cross-sectional, longitudinal, or group comparison
Describes what is
Less sophisticated
Basic calculations (frequencies and means)
Cross-sectional - ANSWER: at one point in time
Longitudinal - ANSWER: takes place over a period of time
Group comparison - ANSWER: simply compares groups on the issue
Emphasizes what characteristics the groups possess
Analytical Designs - ANSWER: Cross-sectional, case control, prospective
Addresses relationship of variable in question to other variables
Implies more control
More sophisticated
Unstructured Interviews - ANSWER: Reserved for obtaining information that is very
personal and/or potentially threatening
Semistructured Interviews - ANSWER: Contain a core of structured questions from
which the interviewer may move in related directions for in-depth probing
Structured Interviews - ANSWER: a well-defined pattern is followed, similar to a
questionnaire
Recall bias - ANSWER: prior experience may influence a response
Recall order bias - ANSWER: occurs when a respondent primarily checks the
response that easily comes to mind rather than giving it due consideration
Response set bias - ANSWER: the respondent repeatedly answers all the question
with the same response
