3 Parts of the Psyche (Personality)
- Is present at birth
-Id - Operates on the pleasure principle (all urges must satisfied immediately)
(instinct) - Primitive biological drives
2 main instincts: Eros (life): self preservation and reproduction (fuelled by the libido)
Thanatos (death): aggression
- Develops around 2 years of age
-Ego - Operates on the reality principle
-
(reality) - MediatorWill
between id and superego
postpone and/or compromise on pleasure in order to avoid negative
- Fixated on the mouth (breastfeeding)
- COURC: smoking, nail biting, sarcasm and being consequences
critical -Superego - Develops around age 5 at the end of the phallic stage
- Fixated on the anus (withholding and expelling faeces) - Operates on the morality principle
(morality) The Superego operates on two systems:
- COURC: expulsive: messy, thoughtless
retentive: obsessive, perfectionist
- Ideal self/Ego Ideal: An image of how you’re
-
-
Fixated on the genital area
Oedipus (boy’s desire for their mother and hatred/fear
PSYCHODYNAMIC meant to be. This includes career aspirations,
how to treat other and how to behave and
function is society.
of their father) and Electra (girl’s desire for their father
and hatred/fear of the mother(for castrating them,
hence penis envy (the female’s desire for a penis due to
APPROACH - The Conscience: Punishes or rewards the ego
(using guilt for punishment and pride as a
Proposed by Sigmund Freud
her dad having one)) complex develop reward) depending on how much they fall
- Desire for the opposite sex parent and the fear and The Conscious
hatred of the same sex parent is repressed and Perception
The Unconscious short of or grow closer to their ideal self.
identification happens with them creating an ideal self - Most influential part of the mind
- COURC: narcissism, recklessness and sexual deviancy
The Preconscious
- Stores traumatic memories
Defence Mechanisms
(BDSM, homosexuality etc.) Memories & Knowledge
- The majority of the mind
- Earlier conflicts are repressed Evaluation
- Sexual desires become conscious - Cases studies were used
- COURC: difficulty forming heterosexual - Little Hans (boy who displaced his fear of his father onto horses)
relationships - Research Support
- Case studies are too specific meaning they cant be generalised and
unscientific
- Over emphasises the importance and effect of sexuality
- Under emphasise the importance and effect of social relationships
- Freud and this approach contributed a lot to psychology
- Gender Bias
- Is present at birth
-Id - Operates on the pleasure principle (all urges must satisfied immediately)
(instinct) - Primitive biological drives
2 main instincts: Eros (life): self preservation and reproduction (fuelled by the libido)
Thanatos (death): aggression
- Develops around 2 years of age
-Ego - Operates on the reality principle
-
(reality) - MediatorWill
between id and superego
postpone and/or compromise on pleasure in order to avoid negative
- Fixated on the mouth (breastfeeding)
- COURC: smoking, nail biting, sarcasm and being consequences
critical -Superego - Develops around age 5 at the end of the phallic stage
- Fixated on the anus (withholding and expelling faeces) - Operates on the morality principle
(morality) The Superego operates on two systems:
- COURC: expulsive: messy, thoughtless
retentive: obsessive, perfectionist
- Ideal self/Ego Ideal: An image of how you’re
-
-
Fixated on the genital area
Oedipus (boy’s desire for their mother and hatred/fear
PSYCHODYNAMIC meant to be. This includes career aspirations,
how to treat other and how to behave and
function is society.
of their father) and Electra (girl’s desire for their father
and hatred/fear of the mother(for castrating them,
hence penis envy (the female’s desire for a penis due to
APPROACH - The Conscience: Punishes or rewards the ego
(using guilt for punishment and pride as a
Proposed by Sigmund Freud
her dad having one)) complex develop reward) depending on how much they fall
- Desire for the opposite sex parent and the fear and The Conscious
hatred of the same sex parent is repressed and Perception
The Unconscious short of or grow closer to their ideal self.
identification happens with them creating an ideal self - Most influential part of the mind
- COURC: narcissism, recklessness and sexual deviancy
The Preconscious
- Stores traumatic memories
Defence Mechanisms
(BDSM, homosexuality etc.) Memories & Knowledge
- The majority of the mind
- Earlier conflicts are repressed Evaluation
- Sexual desires become conscious - Cases studies were used
- COURC: difficulty forming heterosexual - Little Hans (boy who displaced his fear of his father onto horses)
relationships - Research Support
- Case studies are too specific meaning they cant be generalised and
unscientific
- Over emphasises the importance and effect of sexuality
- Under emphasise the importance and effect of social relationships
- Freud and this approach contributed a lot to psychology
- Gender Bias
