Test Bank - Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues, 8th
and 9th Edition by Johnson, All Chapters
All living things are composed of units called: - ANSWER: cells
The genetic material in all living cells is: - ANSWER: DNA
A forest may contain populations of bacteria, fungi, deer, frogs, and salamanders. These all combine
to form a: - ANSWER: Community
In living organisms, molecules are composed of: - ANSWER: atoms
The most inclusive level of biological classification is the: - ANSWER: domain
Which property characterizes prokaryotes? - ANSWER: single celled
Which arrangement of hierarchical levels goes from simplest to more complex? - ANSWER: cells,
tissues, organs, organ systems
An ecosystem is the level below the __________ level. - ANSWER: biosphere
The scientific name of the woodchuck is Marmota monax. What category of classification is the word
Marmota? - ANSWER: Genus
Which is not a key feature of the scientific method? - ANSWER: Statistic analysis
The hypothesis in a seed germination experiment is: Light is necessary for lettuce seed germination.
Groups of lettuce seeds are placed in light with warm temperatures and adequate moisture. Another
set of identical seeds is placed in the dark under the same conditions. In this experiment, what is the
independent variable? - ANSWER: presence of light
Atomic number - ANSWER: the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Proton - ANSWER: positively charged particle that resides in the nucleus of an atom; has a mass of 1
and a charge of +1
Anion - ANSWER: A negatively charged ion formed by gaining electrons
Electron - ANSWER: negatively charged particle that resides outside of the nucleus in the electron
orbital, has negligible mass, and has a charge of -1
Magnesium has an atomic number of 12. Which of the following statements is true of a neutral
magnesium atom? - ANSWER: It has 12 protons, 12 electrons, and 12 neutrons
An isotope of sodium (Na) has a mass number of 22. How many neutrons does it have? - ANSWER: 11
The transfer of an electron from one atom to another will change - ANSWER: the electrical charge of
both atoms
A buffer is best defined as a solution that - ANSWER: resists a change in pH by absorbing or releasing
hydrogen or hydroxide ions.
polar - ANSWER: molecules like water that have opposite partial charges at different ends of the
molecule
, cellulose and glycogen - ANSWER: are both carbohydrates
How many different amino acids are there? - ANSWER: 20
Polypeptide - ANSWER: long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds
nucleic acids are long polymers of repeating subunits called - ANSWER: nucleotides
organic molecules - ANSWER: they are very large, containing many atoms, they usually contain
covalent bonds, they are found in living organisms
Proteins capable of speeding up specific chemical reactions are called - ANSWER: Enzymes
Which of these is not part of a nucleotide? - ANSWER: phospholipid
cell - ANSWER: Basic unit of life
Which of the following is not a eukaryote? - ANSWER: Bacteria
prokaryotes and eukaryotes share - ANSWER: plasma membrane
found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes - ANSWER: ribosomes
Which of these cell parts is not paired correctly with its function? - ANSWER: Mitochondrion-site of
photosynthesis
ribosome - ANSWER: site of protein synthesis
plasma membrane - ANSWER: regulates what enters and leaves the cell
Which of these is not a difference between plant and animal cells? - ANSWER: Animal cells have no
chloroplasts
structure of cell membrane - ANSWER: bilayer of phospholipids with embedded proteins
isotonic - ANSWER: when two different solutions have the same concentration of solutes
Hypotonic - ANSWER: Having a lower concentration of solute than another solution
What happens when an animal cell is placed in a hypotonic solution? - ANSWER: the cell will swell and
may lyse
Diffusion - ANSWER: Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of
lower concentration.
Grace over-watered her plants, causing an extreme hypotonic environment for the plant cells. What
protects the plant cells from bursting? - ANSWER: cell wall
When a cell moves substances against a concentration gradient, the cell: - ANSWER: uses energy
Exocytosis - ANSWER: a type of active transport that moves substances, including fluids and particles,
out of a cell
In a chemical reaction, the molecules entering the reaction: - ANSWER: are the reactants
Organisms, like plants, that perform photosynthesis are called - ANSWER: producers
and 9th Edition by Johnson, All Chapters
All living things are composed of units called: - ANSWER: cells
The genetic material in all living cells is: - ANSWER: DNA
A forest may contain populations of bacteria, fungi, deer, frogs, and salamanders. These all combine
to form a: - ANSWER: Community
In living organisms, molecules are composed of: - ANSWER: atoms
The most inclusive level of biological classification is the: - ANSWER: domain
Which property characterizes prokaryotes? - ANSWER: single celled
Which arrangement of hierarchical levels goes from simplest to more complex? - ANSWER: cells,
tissues, organs, organ systems
An ecosystem is the level below the __________ level. - ANSWER: biosphere
The scientific name of the woodchuck is Marmota monax. What category of classification is the word
Marmota? - ANSWER: Genus
Which is not a key feature of the scientific method? - ANSWER: Statistic analysis
The hypothesis in a seed germination experiment is: Light is necessary for lettuce seed germination.
Groups of lettuce seeds are placed in light with warm temperatures and adequate moisture. Another
set of identical seeds is placed in the dark under the same conditions. In this experiment, what is the
independent variable? - ANSWER: presence of light
Atomic number - ANSWER: the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Proton - ANSWER: positively charged particle that resides in the nucleus of an atom; has a mass of 1
and a charge of +1
Anion - ANSWER: A negatively charged ion formed by gaining electrons
Electron - ANSWER: negatively charged particle that resides outside of the nucleus in the electron
orbital, has negligible mass, and has a charge of -1
Magnesium has an atomic number of 12. Which of the following statements is true of a neutral
magnesium atom? - ANSWER: It has 12 protons, 12 electrons, and 12 neutrons
An isotope of sodium (Na) has a mass number of 22. How many neutrons does it have? - ANSWER: 11
The transfer of an electron from one atom to another will change - ANSWER: the electrical charge of
both atoms
A buffer is best defined as a solution that - ANSWER: resists a change in pH by absorbing or releasing
hydrogen or hydroxide ions.
polar - ANSWER: molecules like water that have opposite partial charges at different ends of the
molecule
, cellulose and glycogen - ANSWER: are both carbohydrates
How many different amino acids are there? - ANSWER: 20
Polypeptide - ANSWER: long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds
nucleic acids are long polymers of repeating subunits called - ANSWER: nucleotides
organic molecules - ANSWER: they are very large, containing many atoms, they usually contain
covalent bonds, they are found in living organisms
Proteins capable of speeding up specific chemical reactions are called - ANSWER: Enzymes
Which of these is not part of a nucleotide? - ANSWER: phospholipid
cell - ANSWER: Basic unit of life
Which of the following is not a eukaryote? - ANSWER: Bacteria
prokaryotes and eukaryotes share - ANSWER: plasma membrane
found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes - ANSWER: ribosomes
Which of these cell parts is not paired correctly with its function? - ANSWER: Mitochondrion-site of
photosynthesis
ribosome - ANSWER: site of protein synthesis
plasma membrane - ANSWER: regulates what enters and leaves the cell
Which of these is not a difference between plant and animal cells? - ANSWER: Animal cells have no
chloroplasts
structure of cell membrane - ANSWER: bilayer of phospholipids with embedded proteins
isotonic - ANSWER: when two different solutions have the same concentration of solutes
Hypotonic - ANSWER: Having a lower concentration of solute than another solution
What happens when an animal cell is placed in a hypotonic solution? - ANSWER: the cell will swell and
may lyse
Diffusion - ANSWER: Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of
lower concentration.
Grace over-watered her plants, causing an extreme hypotonic environment for the plant cells. What
protects the plant cells from bursting? - ANSWER: cell wall
When a cell moves substances against a concentration gradient, the cell: - ANSWER: uses energy
Exocytosis - ANSWER: a type of active transport that moves substances, including fluids and particles,
out of a cell
In a chemical reaction, the molecules entering the reaction: - ANSWER: are the reactants
Organisms, like plants, that perform photosynthesis are called - ANSWER: producers
