NU664 Exam 2 Study Guide/123
Questions and Answers
When is the follicular phase ovarian cycle begin - -begins at the onset of
menses and ends on the day before the LH surge (Days 1-14)
-What happens during the follicular phase - -Increase in FSH stimulates the
ovary to develop follicles that contain and egg
-The follicles produce - -estrogen
-estrogen causes the uterine lining to - -thicken
-LH is released from - -the pituitary gland
-LH surge - -pituitary releases a large amount of LH
-Luteal phase of the ovarian cycles begins - -on the day of the LH surge - 24
hours before ovulation - days 15-28 of cycle
-Luteal phases causes - -rupture of the mature follicle and release of egg
-ruptured follicles in the luteal phase lead to - -formation of corpus luteum
which grows and secretes estradiol and progesterone to prepare the uterus
for pregnancy
-Uterine cycle - -menstrual phase
-uterine cycle typical duration - -3-5 days
-uterine cycle typical flow - -10-80ml
-Uterine cycle: proliferative phase - -depends on estrogen - corresponds
with follicular phase - causes endometrial lining to grow
-uterine cycle: secretory phase - -corresponds to luteal phase of ovarian
cycle - corpus luteum produces progesterone - endometrium is receptive to
implantation of blastocyst
-Excessive estrogen - -menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, fibrocystic breast
changes, mucorrhea, edema/leg cramps, bloating, cyclic weight gain,
increased fibroid growth, withdrawal headache
, -Insufficient estrogen - -amenorrhea, hypomenorrhea, break through
bleeding before day 10, irritability, atrophy of vagina, hot flases, night
sweats, decreased pelvic tone
-excessive progesterone - -loss of libido, increased yeast infections,
oligomenorrhea, increased appetite, depressed mood/anxiety, skin changes,
non-cyclic weight gain, HTN
-insufficient progesterone - -dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, break through
bleeding after day 10 of cycle
-primary amenorrhea definition - -- absence of menarche by age 15 w/
secondary sex charact.
- OR age 13 if no menses and no secondary sex characteristics
-primary amenorrhea: causes - -imperforate hymen, gonadal dysgenesis,
mullerian agenesis (MRKH syndrome)
physiologic delay
endocrine disorders (PCOS, hyperprolactinemia, thyroid disorders)
weight loss/anorexia or excessive exercise
-primary amenorrhea: imperforate hymen sxs - -amenorrhea, abdominal
pain, back pain, urinary sxs, painful bowel movements, difficult sex, never
used a tampon
-primary amenorrhea: gonadal dysgenesis what is it? - -abnormal sexual
development where there is part of complete regression of the gonads,
fibrous gonads do not produce hormones
lacking all or part of one of the X chromosomes
-primary amenorrhea: gonadal dysgenesis dx - -probable - FSH is high
confirmed - karyotype
-primary amenorrhea: gonadal dysgenesis (turner syndrome) SXS - -short
stature, normal external female characteristics OR ambiguous genitalia,
intra-abdominal tests, blind vaginal pouch, lack of secondary sex
characteristics
widely space nipples (shield chest), short webbed neck, absent pubic/axillary
hair, lack of breast development, vagina and uterus present
ovaries usually absent - replaced by scar tissue
Questions and Answers
When is the follicular phase ovarian cycle begin - -begins at the onset of
menses and ends on the day before the LH surge (Days 1-14)
-What happens during the follicular phase - -Increase in FSH stimulates the
ovary to develop follicles that contain and egg
-The follicles produce - -estrogen
-estrogen causes the uterine lining to - -thicken
-LH is released from - -the pituitary gland
-LH surge - -pituitary releases a large amount of LH
-Luteal phase of the ovarian cycles begins - -on the day of the LH surge - 24
hours before ovulation - days 15-28 of cycle
-Luteal phases causes - -rupture of the mature follicle and release of egg
-ruptured follicles in the luteal phase lead to - -formation of corpus luteum
which grows and secretes estradiol and progesterone to prepare the uterus
for pregnancy
-Uterine cycle - -menstrual phase
-uterine cycle typical duration - -3-5 days
-uterine cycle typical flow - -10-80ml
-Uterine cycle: proliferative phase - -depends on estrogen - corresponds
with follicular phase - causes endometrial lining to grow
-uterine cycle: secretory phase - -corresponds to luteal phase of ovarian
cycle - corpus luteum produces progesterone - endometrium is receptive to
implantation of blastocyst
-Excessive estrogen - -menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, fibrocystic breast
changes, mucorrhea, edema/leg cramps, bloating, cyclic weight gain,
increased fibroid growth, withdrawal headache
, -Insufficient estrogen - -amenorrhea, hypomenorrhea, break through
bleeding before day 10, irritability, atrophy of vagina, hot flases, night
sweats, decreased pelvic tone
-excessive progesterone - -loss of libido, increased yeast infections,
oligomenorrhea, increased appetite, depressed mood/anxiety, skin changes,
non-cyclic weight gain, HTN
-insufficient progesterone - -dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, break through
bleeding after day 10 of cycle
-primary amenorrhea definition - -- absence of menarche by age 15 w/
secondary sex charact.
- OR age 13 if no menses and no secondary sex characteristics
-primary amenorrhea: causes - -imperforate hymen, gonadal dysgenesis,
mullerian agenesis (MRKH syndrome)
physiologic delay
endocrine disorders (PCOS, hyperprolactinemia, thyroid disorders)
weight loss/anorexia or excessive exercise
-primary amenorrhea: imperforate hymen sxs - -amenorrhea, abdominal
pain, back pain, urinary sxs, painful bowel movements, difficult sex, never
used a tampon
-primary amenorrhea: gonadal dysgenesis what is it? - -abnormal sexual
development where there is part of complete regression of the gonads,
fibrous gonads do not produce hormones
lacking all or part of one of the X chromosomes
-primary amenorrhea: gonadal dysgenesis dx - -probable - FSH is high
confirmed - karyotype
-primary amenorrhea: gonadal dysgenesis (turner syndrome) SXS - -short
stature, normal external female characteristics OR ambiguous genitalia,
intra-abdominal tests, blind vaginal pouch, lack of secondary sex
characteristics
widely space nipples (shield chest), short webbed neck, absent pubic/axillary
hair, lack of breast development, vagina and uterus present
ovaries usually absent - replaced by scar tissue
