Genetics Review Graded A+

Genetics Review Graded A+ Genetics ️The study of Heredity Mendel ️First person to study genetics Heredity ️The passing of traits from parents to offspring Traits ️Characteristics Alleles ️Different versions of a gene Dominant Trait ️Trait that is expressed even if present with another allele Capital letter ️Used to represent a dominant trait Recessive Trait ️Trait that is not expressed when present with a dominant gene Lower Case Letter ️Used to represent a recessive trait Punnett Square ️Diagram used to predict the outcome of a cross Genotype ️Genetic makeup of an individual Phenotype ️Physical expression of genes Homozygous ️Having two of the same allele Heterozygous ️Having two different alleles for a trait TT ️Homozygous dominant genotype Tt ️Heterozygous genotype tt ️Homozygous recessive genotype True-breeding ️organisms that always produce offspring with the same trait Hybrid ️Another name for heterozygous F1 ️First generation of offspring F2 ️Second generation of offspring P ️Parents of a cross Law of segregation ️A pair of alleles separates during the formation of gametes Law of independent assortment ️Alleles separate independently of one another during the formation of gametes Genotypic ratio ️Ratio of genotypes that appear in offspring Phenotypic ratio ️Ratio of phenotypes that appear in offspring Test cross ️Cross performed to determine the genotype of an unknown organism Complete dominance ️One allele is dominant over a recessive allele Incomplete dominance ️Inheritance in which a heterozygous individual has a phenotype that is between the homozygous phenotypes Codominance ️Inheritance in which both alleles are express in heterozygous individuals Sex-linked Trait ️Trait located on the sex chromosome Autosomal Trait ️Trait located on a non-sex chromosome Carrier ️Individual who is heterozygous for a disorder or trait