Praxis 5005 Elementary Education (Science) Complete Solutions

Praxis 5005 Elementary Education (Science) Complete Solutions 1. Insulin What is insulin? A. A hormone secreted by the pancreas to regulate blood glucose levels B. A hormone used to treat diabetes C. A hormone that regulates blood pressure D. A hormone that regulates body temperature Answer: A. A hormone secreted by the pancreas to regulate blood glucose levels 2. Fungi What is the characteristic of fungi? A. They are multicellular organisms with a nucleus B. They are unicellular organisms with a nucleus C. They have unique cell walls and reproduction strategies D. They are multicellular organisms without a nucleus Answer: C. They have unique cell walls and reproduction strategies 3. Layers of the Atmosphere What are the layers of the Earth's atmosphere? A. Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Exosphere B. Troposphere, Mesosphere, Stratosphere, Thermosphere C. Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Exosphere D. Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Exosphere Answer: A. Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Exosphere 4. Phases of Mitosis What are the phases of mitosis? A. Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase B. Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Interphase C. Interphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Prophase, Metaphase D. Prophase, Anaphase, Telophase Answer: A. Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase Prophase ️Chromosomes become visible Metaphase ️chromosomes become attached to the spindle fibers Anaphase ️Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell Telophase ️After the chromosome seperates, the cell seals off, Final Phase of Mitosis. Mitosis ️The replication of cells and produces two cells with the same DNA Meiosis ️Reproduction of sex cells Eukaryotic Cells ️Protists, Fungi, Animals and Plants Prokaryotic Cell ️Bacteria Chromatin ️long strands of DNA found in the eukaryotic cell nucleus; condense to form chromosomes Chromosomes ️DNA condenses Nucleolus ️Structure where Ribosomes are made Lysosomes ️Garbage collectors that take in the damaged or worn out parts Zygote ️Egg is fertilized by the sperm; Half of the chromosomes come from each parent Mitochondria ️Produce Energy Ribosomes ️Produce protein Vacuoles ️Store water and other molecules ER (Endoplasmic reticulum) ️Ribosomes attach to rough ER and get sent to Golgi Apparatus through vesicles; transport system for molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm Golgi Apparatus ️Also known as the post office changes the formation of protein to be sent to other parts of the cell; may cause lipids or Carbohydrates to attach to protein Newton's First Law ️Objects in motion tend to stay in motion unless acted on by an opposite force Newton's Second Law ️F=MA Newton's Third Law ️With every action there is an opposite or equal reaction Approximately how long ago did the first anatomically modern humans appear on the Earth ️200,000 years ago Which of the following best describes the process by which most waves on the oceans surface are created ️The Wind stirs the ocean's surface over great distances Shape of the Milky Way ️A Spiral Disk Which structure is responsible for regulating basic functions such as respiration and heartbeat? ️Brainstem If two brown-eyed parents each carry a recessive gene for blue eyes, what is the probablitiy of them having a blue eyed child? ️1/4th Groups on a Periodic Table ️Columns; Have the same number of electrons in the outer orbitals Periods on a Periodic Table ️Rows; Have the s