Basics + Summary Statistics
Individuals - correct answer-Objects or units described by a set of data; aka subjects
Variables - correct answer-Any 1 characteristic of an individual. Can take different values for
different individuals
Population - correct answer-The entire group of subjects
Sample - correct answer-A subgroup of subjects within a population
Sample size - correct answer-Number of individuals in a sample
Parameter - correct answer-Numerical measurement that describes a characteristic of a
sample
Statistic - correct answer-Numerical measurement that describes a characteristic of a sample
Simple random sample - correct answer-Every member of a population has an equal chance
of being selected in the sample
Quantitative - correct answer-Numerical observation
Qualitative or categorical - correct answer-Non-numerical observations
Discrete variable - correct answer-Has finite number of values
Continuous variable - correct answer-Can theoretically take on any value in a range
Histogram - correct answer-Can be used to represent continuous data, similar to bar chart
but represents a range of values. Data segmented into classes
Class width - correct answer-Length of intervals on a histogram
Center - correct answer-Represent typical data point in sample (mean, median)
Spread - correct answer-Degree to which data are dispersed (range)
Shape - correct answer-Data's distribution
Mean - correct answer-Sum of all data points/n. Represented with x bar for a sample, mu for
a population. Substantially impacted by outliers
Median - correct answer-Point that separates top half from top half of data. Position of
median = (n + 1)/2. Robust to outliers
Individuals - correct answer-Objects or units described by a set of data; aka subjects
Variables - correct answer-Any 1 characteristic of an individual. Can take different values for
different individuals
Population - correct answer-The entire group of subjects
Sample - correct answer-A subgroup of subjects within a population
Sample size - correct answer-Number of individuals in a sample
Parameter - correct answer-Numerical measurement that describes a characteristic of a
sample
Statistic - correct answer-Numerical measurement that describes a characteristic of a sample
Simple random sample - correct answer-Every member of a population has an equal chance
of being selected in the sample
Quantitative - correct answer-Numerical observation
Qualitative or categorical - correct answer-Non-numerical observations
Discrete variable - correct answer-Has finite number of values
Continuous variable - correct answer-Can theoretically take on any value in a range
Histogram - correct answer-Can be used to represent continuous data, similar to bar chart
but represents a range of values. Data segmented into classes
Class width - correct answer-Length of intervals on a histogram
Center - correct answer-Represent typical data point in sample (mean, median)
Spread - correct answer-Degree to which data are dispersed (range)
Shape - correct answer-Data's distribution
Mean - correct answer-Sum of all data points/n. Represented with x bar for a sample, mu for
a population. Substantially impacted by outliers
Median - correct answer-Point that separates top half from top half of data. Position of
median = (n + 1)/2. Robust to outliers
